The mirror neuron system and the consequences of its
... is vital for the understanding of emotional states in others (which are mostly communicated by facial expression) ...
... is vital for the understanding of emotional states in others (which are mostly communicated by facial expression) ...
Topographic cues of nanoscale height direct neuronal growth pattern
... few hundreds of nanometers. Vertical nanopillars protruding from a flat surface serve as focal adhesion points and non-invasively inhibit migration of neurons on the substrate (Xie et al., 2010). Nanowires and lithography-based patterns have been used for both positioning neurons and for directing ax ...
... few hundreds of nanometers. Vertical nanopillars protruding from a flat surface serve as focal adhesion points and non-invasively inhibit migration of neurons on the substrate (Xie et al., 2010). Nanowires and lithography-based patterns have been used for both positioning neurons and for directing ax ...
Mapping Function Onto Neuronal Morphology
... final morphologies and simulations of the electrophysiological neuronal dynamics should be compared with biological data. The compartmental models we used are based on the “well-established” description of current flow in neurons by the cable equation (Rall ...
... final morphologies and simulations of the electrophysiological neuronal dynamics should be compared with biological data. The compartmental models we used are based on the “well-established” description of current flow in neurons by the cable equation (Rall ...
PINP: A New Method of Tagging Neuronal Populations
... Neural circuits are exquisitely organized, consisting of many different neuronal subpopulations. However, it is difficult to assess the functional roles of these subpopulations using conventional extracellular recording techniques because these techniques do not easily distinguish spikes from differ ...
... Neural circuits are exquisitely organized, consisting of many different neuronal subpopulations. However, it is difficult to assess the functional roles of these subpopulations using conventional extracellular recording techniques because these techniques do not easily distinguish spikes from differ ...
Comparing neuronal and behavioral thresholds
... Earlier studies in primates have found neurons in the dorsal division of the medial superior temporal area that are tuned for spiral direction [2,3], in a similar manner as middle temporal neurons are tuned for the direction of linear motion [4]. These neurons may play an important role in optic flo ...
... Earlier studies in primates have found neurons in the dorsal division of the medial superior temporal area that are tuned for spiral direction [2,3], in a similar manner as middle temporal neurons are tuned for the direction of linear motion [4]. These neurons may play an important role in optic flo ...
6th ANNUAL NEUROSCIENCE, BEHAVIOR AND HEALTH RESEARCH FORUM The University of Vermont
... and mechanisms of a Class B GPCR Chenyi Liao and Jianing Li Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 We have studied a class B G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), pituitary adenylate cyclaseactivating polypeptide receptor (PAC1R), which is crucial for transducing signal in ...
... and mechanisms of a Class B GPCR Chenyi Liao and Jianing Li Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 We have studied a class B G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), pituitary adenylate cyclaseactivating polypeptide receptor (PAC1R), which is crucial for transducing signal in ...
Size and number of binucleate and mononucleate superior
... having a very distinct and defined position in the cell. Binucleate neurons appeared to be very common (Fig. 3). In addition, some neurons that seemed to be mononucleate in one neuronal profile in one single section turned out to be binucleate when their subsequent profiles were looked at in adjacent s ...
... having a very distinct and defined position in the cell. Binucleate neurons appeared to be very common (Fig. 3). In addition, some neurons that seemed to be mononucleate in one neuronal profile in one single section turned out to be binucleate when their subsequent profiles were looked at in adjacent s ...
Full text - Ip Lab - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
... changes in neuronal connections, which underlies longlasting changes in synaptic strength during the formation of long-term memory. It is well established that trans-synaptic interaction of adhesion molecules is crucial for synaptogenesis. The homophilic or heterophilic interaction between adhesion ...
... changes in neuronal connections, which underlies longlasting changes in synaptic strength during the formation of long-term memory. It is well established that trans-synaptic interaction of adhesion molecules is crucial for synaptogenesis. The homophilic or heterophilic interaction between adhesion ...
ACTION POTENTIAL THRESHOLD OF HIPPOCAMPAL
... AbstractöUnderstanding the mechanisms that in£uence the initiation of action potentials in single neurons is an important step in determining the way information is processed by neural networks. Therefore, we have investigated the properties of action potential thresholds for hippocampal neurons usi ...
... AbstractöUnderstanding the mechanisms that in£uence the initiation of action potentials in single neurons is an important step in determining the way information is processed by neural networks. Therefore, we have investigated the properties of action potential thresholds for hippocampal neurons usi ...
![Responses to Odors Mapped in Snail Tentacle and Brain by [14C]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/017009313_1-932f7069dbfdd3fd3915bbe942d02b0f-300x300.png)
Responses to Odors Mapped in Snail Tentacle and Brain by [14C]
... characteristic for each odor, all exposed tentacles were reconstructed in three dimensions by making drawings from selected sections. Comparisons between different stimulus conditions, and between replications of the same stimulus condition, failed to reveal any dependency of the locations of digit ...
... characteristic for each odor, all exposed tentacles were reconstructed in three dimensions by making drawings from selected sections. Comparisons between different stimulus conditions, and between replications of the same stimulus condition, failed to reveal any dependency of the locations of digit ...
Lecture 6: Single neuron models
... Incoming action potentials are like buckets of water that are poured in time into the bath tube If enough are coming during a short time, and thus compensating for the leak, water will overflow At threshold the neuron emits an action potential and its voltage (equivalent to the water level) will be ...
... Incoming action potentials are like buckets of water that are poured in time into the bath tube If enough are coming during a short time, and thus compensating for the leak, water will overflow At threshold the neuron emits an action potential and its voltage (equivalent to the water level) will be ...
Chemosensory Systems
... associated with one of the hundreds of olfactory receptors (OR). Olfactory sensory neurons (OSN) have dendrites with olfactory cilia containing the G-protein-coupled OR and axons that communicate to the olfactory bulb. OSN can regenerate, giving them an unusual ability to recover from injury. OSN lo ...
... associated with one of the hundreds of olfactory receptors (OR). Olfactory sensory neurons (OSN) have dendrites with olfactory cilia containing the G-protein-coupled OR and axons that communicate to the olfactory bulb. OSN can regenerate, giving them an unusual ability to recover from injury. OSN lo ...
BRAINSTEM
... and VPM via the posterior limb of the internal capsule. Organized into columns which contain information from the same peripheral location on the body and same class of peripheral sensory receptor. Axons from VP nuclei synapse in deep portion of layer 3 and throughout 4. Cortex corresponds to contra ...
... and VPM via the posterior limb of the internal capsule. Organized into columns which contain information from the same peripheral location on the body and same class of peripheral sensory receptor. Axons from VP nuclei synapse in deep portion of layer 3 and throughout 4. Cortex corresponds to contra ...
Sprecher_2011_larval.. - Institute of Neuroinformatics
... Fig. 1. Elements of the larval optic neuropil (LON). All panels show schematic or confocal images representing frontal section of a first instar larval brain hemisphere; lateral to the left, dorsal up. A: Labeling with anti-Neuroglian (Ngl), showing neuronal cell bodies in cortex (co) and nerve proce ...
... Fig. 1. Elements of the larval optic neuropil (LON). All panels show schematic or confocal images representing frontal section of a first instar larval brain hemisphere; lateral to the left, dorsal up. A: Labeling with anti-Neuroglian (Ngl), showing neuronal cell bodies in cortex (co) and nerve proce ...
Harris KD. Neural signatures of cell assembly organization. Nat Rev
... this theory is that the same assembly might be triggered by either sensory or internal factors. Consequently, a single neuron might participate in both sensory representation and ICPs, and it is expected that neurons even in primary sensory cortices will play a part in ICPs. It is important to disti ...
... this theory is that the same assembly might be triggered by either sensory or internal factors. Consequently, a single neuron might participate in both sensory representation and ICPs, and it is expected that neurons even in primary sensory cortices will play a part in ICPs. It is important to disti ...
SCENTS AND SENSIBILITY: A MOLECULAR LOGIC OF OLFACTORY PERCEPTION
... (17,18,19,50,67). The invertebrate, C. elegans, with only 302 neurons and 16 olfactory sensory neurons expresses about 1000 odorant receptor genes (20,21). These experiments provide a solution to the first question; we recognize the vast array of molecular structures defined as odorants by maintaini ...
... (17,18,19,50,67). The invertebrate, C. elegans, with only 302 neurons and 16 olfactory sensory neurons expresses about 1000 odorant receptor genes (20,21). These experiments provide a solution to the first question; we recognize the vast array of molecular structures defined as odorants by maintaini ...
neural correlates of associative face memory in
... associative pair-responsive but not associative pair-selective neurons, and face-responsive but not associative pair-responsive neurons are depicted in the histograms in Supplementary Fig. 2A and B, respectively. The arrows in Supplementary Fig. 2A and B indicate the VSI and ISI values of the exampl ...
... associative pair-responsive but not associative pair-selective neurons, and face-responsive but not associative pair-responsive neurons are depicted in the histograms in Supplementary Fig. 2A and B, respectively. The arrows in Supplementary Fig. 2A and B indicate the VSI and ISI values of the exampl ...
Irregular persistent activity induced by synaptic excitatory feedback
... a highly irregular fashion in all periods of the task. The average CV is close to one in the baseline period, and is higher than 1 in the delay period, both for preferred and non-preferred stimuli. Most models of working memory in recurrent neuronal circuits (reviewed in Brunel, 2004) generate persi ...
... a highly irregular fashion in all periods of the task. The average CV is close to one in the baseline period, and is higher than 1 in the delay period, both for preferred and non-preferred stimuli. Most models of working memory in recurrent neuronal circuits (reviewed in Brunel, 2004) generate persi ...
Vesicle-Mediated Transport and Release of
... Whenever neurons in the CNS are injured, microglia become activated. In addition to local activation, microglia remote from the primary lesion site are stimulated. Because this so-called secondary activation of microglia is instrumental for long-term changes after neuronal injury, it is important to ...
... Whenever neurons in the CNS are injured, microglia become activated. In addition to local activation, microglia remote from the primary lesion site are stimulated. Because this so-called secondary activation of microglia is instrumental for long-term changes after neuronal injury, it is important to ...
Efferent connections of the parabigeminal nucleus to the amygdala
... the Pbg to Am might be an element of a third disynaptic connection from the SC to the Am, since this nucleus receives a significant input from the SC (Baleydier and Magnin, 1979; Graybiel, 1978, reviewed in Usunoff et al., 2006). In order to understand whether the neurons of this small nucleus, with ...
... the Pbg to Am might be an element of a third disynaptic connection from the SC to the Am, since this nucleus receives a significant input from the SC (Baleydier and Magnin, 1979; Graybiel, 1978, reviewed in Usunoff et al., 2006). In order to understand whether the neurons of this small nucleus, with ...
- White Rose Research Online
... 97% of the cell population in rat, with GABAergic and cholinergic interneurons forming most of the remaining cell population. Despite their comparatively small number, the GABAergic fastspiking interneurons (FSIs) in particular exert a very strong influence on the MSNs [20–22], receive input from si ...
... 97% of the cell population in rat, with GABAergic and cholinergic interneurons forming most of the remaining cell population. Despite their comparatively small number, the GABAergic fastspiking interneurons (FSIs) in particular exert a very strong influence on the MSNs [20–22], receive input from si ...
Axon - Rochester Community Schools
... Neuron Structure and Function • cell body – contains most organelles • Dendrites - highly branched extensions, receive signals • Axon long extension, transmits signals to other cells ...
... Neuron Structure and Function • cell body – contains most organelles • Dendrites - highly branched extensions, receive signals • Axon long extension, transmits signals to other cells ...
Schwann Cell Surfaces but Not Extracellular Matrix Organized by
... The preparation of Schwann cells without ECM (SC without ECM) and Schwsnn cells with a formed basal lamina (SC with ECM) is complex, and is undertaken as follows: Because Schwann cells organize a complete basal lamina only when in contact with axons (and in fully supplemented medium), it is necessar ...
... The preparation of Schwann cells without ECM (SC without ECM) and Schwsnn cells with a formed basal lamina (SC with ECM) is complex, and is undertaken as follows: Because Schwann cells organize a complete basal lamina only when in contact with axons (and in fully supplemented medium), it is necessar ...
IBRO 2008
... discovered that synaptic distribution of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor NR2B subunits in the adult mouse hippocampus is asymmetrical between the left and right and between the apical and basal dendrites of single neurons. These asymmetrical allocations of NR2B subunits differentiate the proper ...
... discovered that synaptic distribution of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor NR2B subunits in the adult mouse hippocampus is asymmetrical between the left and right and between the apical and basal dendrites of single neurons. These asymmetrical allocations of NR2B subunits differentiate the proper ...
Axon
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An axon (from Greek ἄξων áxōn, axis), also known as a nerve fibre, is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body. The function of the axon is to transmit information to different neurons, muscles and glands. In certain sensory neurons (pseudounipolar neurons), such as those for touch and warmth, the electrical impulse travels along an axon from the periphery to the cell body, and from the cell body to the spinal cord along another branch of the same axon. Axon dysfunction causes many inherited and acquired neurological disorders which can affect both the peripheral and central neurons.An axon is one of two types of protoplasmic protrusions that extrude from the cell body of a neuron, the other type being dendrites. Axons are distinguished from dendrites by several features, including shape (dendrites often taper while axons usually maintain a constant radius), length (dendrites are restricted to a small region around the cell body while axons can be much longer), and function (dendrites usually receive signals while axons usually transmit them). All of these rules have exceptions, however.Some types of neurons have no axon and transmit signals from their dendrites. No neuron ever has more than one axon; however in invertebrates such as insects or leeches the axon sometimes consists of several regions that function more or less independently of each other. Most axons branch, in some cases very profusely.Axons make contact with other cells—usually other neurons but sometimes muscle or gland cells—at junctions called synapses. At a synapse, the membrane of the axon closely adjoins the membrane of the target cell, and special molecular structures serve to transmit electrical or electrochemical signals across the gap. Some synaptic junctions appear partway along an axon as it extends—these are called en passant (""in passing"") synapses. Other synapses appear as terminals at the ends of axonal branches. A single axon, with all its branches taken together, can innervate multiple parts of the brain and generate thousands of synaptic terminals.