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What are Musical Scales?
What are Musical Scales?

... keynote (mese), and the other ascended a fourth, making a heptatonic, or seven note scale." (Gardner, K. 1990 p133) A tetrachord is a mini-scale of four notes, in descending pitch order, that are contained within a perfect fourth (five half steps) instead of an octave (twelve half steps). According ...
File
File

... tie connects two notesof the same pitch creating a new duration equal to the sum of both notes ...
Tune Recognition from Melody, Rhythm and Harmony
Tune Recognition from Melody, Rhythm and Harmony

... be accepted. Altogether 19 tunes were used. They can be arranged in eight groups (the number of songs in each group is given in parentheses): the national anthem (1), Christmas carols (5), folk songs (6), choral songs (3), commercial tunes (2), hymns (2) and other (3). The total number of songs in t ...
ANALYSIS AND ANALYTIC TECHNIQUES IN AFRICAN MUSIC A
ANALYSIS AND ANALYTIC TECHNIQUES IN AFRICAN MUSIC A

... differences is nine. The range between the two notes that form the apices of this “ scale” — the extreme outer notes — is a major 6th. The non-consecutive intervals (from one note to the next but one) yield a perfect 5 th and a perfect 4th. Of all these intervals observed in the “scale” , two do not ...
Number Theory and Music
Number Theory and Music

... Progressing down the third column in figure 8, we see that each successive pitch class is obtained by adding 7 (mod 12). In music theory, a mnemonic device for organizing the preceding relationships is constructed by using a circle, much like a clock that is marked with note names. Starting with the ...
Keyboard FUNdamentals
Keyboard FUNdamentals

... There are multitudes of exercises for development of each 4-mallet stroke type. These can range from simple and fairly stationary repeated ideas, to complex combinations of strokes incorporating a large range on the instrument. To begin, the best thing to do is to isolate each stroke type with a sim ...
chromatic scale
chromatic scale

... The major scale is a scale of seven different pitch classes with whole steps separating adjacent tones, except for half steps between third and fourth and seventh and eighth. ...
Keynote Presentation
Keynote Presentation

... roots, create closed-position versions of themselves, compute their Forte prime forms, and so on. Researchers can extend objects for their own needs, such as altering the pitch of open Violin strings to study scordatura, specializing (subclassing) the Note class into MensuralNote for studying Renais ...
Igor Stravinsky Born: June 17, 1882, Oranienbaum, Russia Died
Igor Stravinsky Born: June 17, 1882, Oranienbaum, Russia Died

... textbook language, dissonance is an element of transition, a complex or interval of tones that is not complete in itself and that must be resolved to the ear's satisfaction into a perfect consonance." ...
UNVIERSIDAD NACIONAL DE QUILMES
UNVIERSIDAD NACIONAL DE QUILMES

... scales provide different tonalities but rely on the same basic pitches. It's the ………………………………….of these pitches that determines the scale's tonality and function. So how are scales made? How does the musician know what pitches are in a scale? Most scales are based on the intervals between pitches. Y ...
Composing for the Carillon: Recommendations and Examples
Composing for the Carillon: Recommendations and Examples

... 2. Chords should be thinned out as much as is practical, in view of the already full, rich sound of the bells. Spacing of the chords is critical. (c-e-g-c1 would sound terrible, whereas c-g-e1-c2, while still a bit thick on some carillons, is much better.) You can get by with much thicker writing in ...
Music Theory - Fairbanks North Star Borough School District
Music Theory - Fairbanks North Star Borough School District

...  Austria, United States, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, France, England, Germany, Italy, Russia  become familiar with the following:  church modes, modal notation, mensural notation, staff notation, tablature  explore the following musical time periods:  Antiquity – 800  Middle Ages – 800-1400 ...
lecture15
lecture15

... •Pitch (as well as loudness) is a subjective characteristic of sound – Some listeners even assign pitch differently depending upon whether the sound was presented to the right or left ear •Pitch characterize how high or low is sound •Pitch is mainly (but not only) determent by the fundamental freque ...
Know Your Chords - Alan`s Guitar Page
Know Your Chords - Alan`s Guitar Page

... Chords are formally defined as three or more tones played simultaneously. They were once defined as two or more tones, however, two tones are known as an “interval” and don’t produce the kind of colour or flavor that is made by the combination of three or more tones. An interval is the musical diffe ...
“Something`s Coming” from West Side Story
“Something`s Coming” from West Side Story

... 20. What is a tritone, and why does Bernstein use it in Something’s Coming? 21. The lyrics of the song are by Stephen Sondheim. What is meant by the term lyrics, and for what ...
Real-time Melodic Accompaniment System for Indian Music Using
Real-time Melodic Accompaniment System for Indian Music Using

... minimum note duration depends on the musical piece. Hence in our system also there is a provision of incorporating this, i.e. a note is played for a particular time duration which is ...
Learning Traditional Music by Ear
Learning Traditional Music by Ear

... helps many people but it is also not necessary. Rather, you only need to learn to “hear” the tune in your head. Second, you do not need “perfect” pitch (e.g. you do not need to ever know what an “A” sounds like) but only need to develop a sense of “relative” pitch. Third, while some people are perha ...
8th Grade Music Theory Power Point
8th Grade Music Theory Power Point

... A sequence of 8 tones ...
The Establishment of Equal Temperament
The Establishment of Equal Temperament

... Pythagoras’s tuning system was used well into the fifteenth century. It was not until the Renaissance period that it first began to bear scrutiny. Thirds became a new defining harmonic characteristic of this period. Under Pythagoras’s method, the major third had a ratio of 81:64, resulting in what i ...
Finding Alternative Musical Scales
Finding Alternative Musical Scales

... example, one can play a major scale rooted at any tone of the chromatic scale by sounding the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th notes of the chromatic scale beginning at that tone. This results in 12 distinct major keys. It is remarkable that the frequency ratios that define classical scales a ...
“Chromatic Pitch Instrument”.
“Chromatic Pitch Instrument”.

... Blow very gently into each hole so the actual note sounded will be true to pitch and sound good (rather than bent from blowing hard). This may take some trial and error. Then play “Happy Birthday” on your piano! The B-Flat is a special note, a black key, played twice in a row like the C’s. Try more ...
Boland _1
Boland _1

... Essential Music and Frog Peak Editions in the USA, Musik und Gender im Internet (MUGI) in Hamburg, and the Astra Chamber Music Society in Australia - not to mention those individuals who have written about, performed and recorded Beyer’s music - have brought to light the compositions and life story ...
Name: Class:___________ Music Workbook Semester 1 Semester
Name: Class:___________ Music Workbook Semester 1 Semester

... 1. Simple / Compound 2. Simple / Compound 3. Simple / Compound ...
Notations used in Sound/Path/Field
Notations used in Sound/Path/Field

... the lines connecting events). Note that some events are rests. Dynamics are given generically by the indication p-mf; therefore, each event can played with different dynamics each time by each player. b) Floating events. These are events that are played (usually once) independently by each player re ...
More Scales than a Fish
More Scales than a Fish

... Minor Pentonic Scales in D. The minor chords are Em, F#m and Bm or ii, iv and vi. E F# G B C# F# G A C# D B C# D F# G Try working these scales out for the key of G. Write out the Ionian mode scale and use the major chords of the key to create the major pentatonic scales and the minor chords of the k ...
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Harmony



In music, harmony is the use of simultaneous pitches (tones, notes), or chords. The study of harmony involves chords and their construction and chord progressions and the principles of connection that govern them. Harmony is often said to refer to the ""vertical"" aspect of music, as distinguished from melodic line, or the ""horizontal"" aspect. Counterpoint, which refers to the interweaving of melodic lines, and polyphony, which refers to the relationship of separate independent voices, are thus sometimes distinguished from harmony.In popular and jazz harmony, chords are named by their root plus various terms and characters indicating their qualities. In many types of music, notably baroque, romantic, modern, and jazz, chords are often augmented with ""tensions"". A tension is an additional chord member that creates a relatively dissonant interval in relation to the bass. Typically, in the classical common practice period a dissonant chord (chord with tension) ""resolves"" to a consonant chord. Harmonization usually sounds pleasant to the ear when there is a balance between the consonant and dissonant sounds. In simple words, that occurs when there is a balance between ""tense"" and ""relaxed"" moments.
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