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On the Slow Movement of Brahms`s F-Minor Clarinet Sonata
On the Slow Movement of Brahms`s F-Minor Clarinet Sonata

... factor that softens the sense of return in m. 49 is register: since each statement of the thirds-cycle brings the register successively lower, the clarinet’s melody in m. 49 is a full octave lower than its original presentation had been in the movement’s opening. This change of register, combined wi ...
PSY 397 Psychology of the Arts Knapp Study Guide 17 Psychology
PSY 397 Psychology of the Arts Knapp Study Guide 17 Psychology

... 1. What octaves, frequencies, pitch heights, pitch chroma, and what do they have to do with one another? (http://www.pdn.cam.ac.uk/groups/cnbh/teaching/sounds_movies/pitch_helix.htm )Why do you think Wikipedia refers to octaves as “musical miracles?” (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octave ) 2. Wha ...
Reading Music: The Basics
Reading Music: The Basics

... Staccato: played quickly and with separation. ...
Franz Liszt`s Battle Against Tonality In The Solo Piano Piece Unstern
Franz Liszt`s Battle Against Tonality In The Solo Piano Piece Unstern

... In an 1883 letter to Lina Ramann, Liszt pronounced, “I am deeply mourning in my heart, and this mourning must burst forth in music here and there.”2 Liszt had encountered death as a central theme in literature, philosophy, and religious thought of his era, and had attempted to integrate his personal ...
MUSIC APPRECIATION
MUSIC APPRECIATION

Half Steps and Whole Steps
Half Steps and Whole Steps

... Listen2 to the half steps in Figure 1 (Half Steps). The intervals in Figure 1 (Half Steps) look dierent on a sta3 ; sometimes they are on the same line, sometimes not. But it is clear at the keyboard that in each case there is no note in between them. So a scale4 that goes up or down by half steps ...
Outlining the prime
Outlining the prime

... Outlining the prime-octave polarity Intervals have two ways of expressing themselves. One way is to be experienced by an individual voice in moving from one pitch to another. The other is when two voices are sounding simultaneously. A prime is experienced when we have the meeting of two instruments ...
Losing the Music: Aging Affects the Perception and Subcortical
Losing the Music: Aging Affects the Perception and Subcortical

... School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom M13 9PL ...
Major and minor music compared to excited and subdued speech
Major and minor music compared to excited and subdued speech

5th Grade Music Vocabulary
5th Grade Music Vocabulary

... Pitch: how high or low a sound seems Repeated notes: two or more notes at the same pitch level. jjjj Skip: an interval (distance) larger than a step; motion from one pitch to another that is more than a step away. Larger skips are often called “leaps” dgqrwf Step: motion from one scale-degree to the ...
Tone and Voice: A Derivation of the Rules of Voice
Tone and Voice: A Derivation of the Rules of Voice

... [D19.] Avoid Disjunct Approach to Fused Intervals Rule. If it is not possible to approach unisons, octaves and fifths by retaining the same pitch (oblique motion), step motion should be used. [D20.] Avoid Semblant Approach between Fused Intervals Rule. Avoid similar pitch motion in which the voices ...
lecture 18
lecture 18

...  Romantic harmony uses seventh chords frequently. Composers include greater complexity in use of dissonant chords - particularly diminished sevenths, halfdiminished sevenths, augmented triads, augmented sixth chords, and Neapolitan chords The style is highly chromatic, and milder dissonances are el ...
12_6_Deeper_Reading_Scales_and_Tuning
12_6_Deeper_Reading_Scales_and_Tuning

... usually use. For example, the "augmented fourth" and "diminished fifth," which are assumed to be the same in the table, are actually not the same. The set of 12 notes above (plus all notes related by octaves) form the chromatic scale. The Pentatonic (5-note) scales are formed using a subset of five ...
Musical Scales and Tuning
Musical Scales and Tuning

... usually use. For example, the "augmented fourth" and "diminished fifth," which are assumed to be the same in the table, are actually not the same. The set of 12 notes above (plus all notes related by octaves) form the chromatic scale. The Pentatonic (5-note) scales are formed using a subset of five ...
Chapter Six
Chapter Six

... Symbols of written music When a composer wants to put a piece of music down so others can “read” it, she needs a system or code which indicates which pitches to play. This code starts with the Staff-- ...
The Line of Fifths
The Line of Fifths

... this is done primarily from the context of the events, not their intonation. On instruments whose tuning can be spontaneously varied, different spellings of a pitch ± G] versus A[ ± may also be acoustically distinguished in systematic and significant ways; and it is natural to wonder if this might a ...
T 1
T 1

... The hidden Markov model has been trained by using data taken from various Mozart piano sonatas The result concerns a performance of Sonata 18, K.570 Objective measure of performance  edit distance Recognition erroe rates are reported as ...
urn_nbn_fi_jyu-20
urn_nbn_fi_jyu-20

... character. Both concepts may pertain during the audition of a modal work, depending on the work's nature and origins. The 20th concept of mode perhaps originates in the use of folk music material, but it is in no way confined to it. Diatonic modality refers to the use of the seven diatonic modes tha ...
Basic Music Theory - Jessamine County Schools
Basic Music Theory - Jessamine County Schools

... • Ledger lines are short lines which are added to extend the range of the staff when the notes are too low or too high to be written on the staff. ...
Concerts can be found at www.MIStreamnet.org/cmsd or www
Concerts can be found at www.MIStreamnet.org/cmsd or www

... longer  note  beginning  on  beat  two.  A  second  melody  appears  later  that  is  ornamented  by  a  triplet   figure  leading  to  beat  one  in  the  first  violin  part.  From  this  point  on,  most  of  the  material  is ...
Tonal structure and scales - Jacobs University Mathematics
Tonal structure and scales - Jacobs University Mathematics

... of a tone ( "the probe-tone") which is randomly chosen among the 12 pitches. 3. Participants are asked to rate on a scale from 1 to 7 ( 1 = very bad to 7 = very good) how ell the probe tone fit in the previously heard experiment. A.Diederich – International University Bremen – USC – MMM – Spring 200 ...
(1) Sound and Music
(1) Sound and Music

... value of approximately 1.0595. This is the number that, when multiplied by itself twelve times, gives a result of two. Why is this important to music? Remember that with notes one octave apart, the higher note has double the frequency of the lower note. The range of frequencies in between is divided ...
Written Vs. Sounding Pitch
Written Vs. Sounding Pitch

... bass clef in old editions applies also to basset horn and occasionally trumpet. 2. The article "Bass clarinet" in Sadie (2001) describes "several current conventions regarding notation for the bass clarinet." In the French system, the part is written entirely in treble clef, sounding (for the B-flat ...
20th Century
20th Century

... • WHOLE TONE SCALE the intervals between each of the notes is a tone, whereas in major and minor scales the intervals are a mixture of tones and semitones ...
Jazz Scale Theory - mo` better blues
Jazz Scale Theory - mo` better blues

... The harmonic minor and the melodic minor are so named because in standard music theory the harmonic version of the mode supplies the notes that are to be used when writing harmonies in minor keys while the melodic minor, with its ascending and descending versions, is used in melodic lines. For examp ...
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Harmony



In music, harmony is the use of simultaneous pitches (tones, notes), or chords. The study of harmony involves chords and their construction and chord progressions and the principles of connection that govern them. Harmony is often said to refer to the ""vertical"" aspect of music, as distinguished from melodic line, or the ""horizontal"" aspect. Counterpoint, which refers to the interweaving of melodic lines, and polyphony, which refers to the relationship of separate independent voices, are thus sometimes distinguished from harmony.In popular and jazz harmony, chords are named by their root plus various terms and characters indicating their qualities. In many types of music, notably baroque, romantic, modern, and jazz, chords are often augmented with ""tensions"". A tension is an additional chord member that creates a relatively dissonant interval in relation to the bass. Typically, in the classical common practice period a dissonant chord (chord with tension) ""resolves"" to a consonant chord. Harmonization usually sounds pleasant to the ear when there is a balance between the consonant and dissonant sounds. In simple words, that occurs when there is a balance between ""tense"" and ""relaxed"" moments.
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