Nervous System - IB BiologyMr. Van Roekel Salem High School
... • Arrival of action potential from a stimulus causes the Na+ to enter neuron, creating a current/initial impulse • If current is strong enough, protein channels (voltage-gated channels) open Na+ diffuse in and K+ out of axon via because of concentration gradient • Depolarization of adjacent sections ...
... • Arrival of action potential from a stimulus causes the Na+ to enter neuron, creating a current/initial impulse • If current is strong enough, protein channels (voltage-gated channels) open Na+ diffuse in and K+ out of axon via because of concentration gradient • Depolarization of adjacent sections ...
BGYB30 Mammalian Physiology • Today: • Next Lecture:
... • Physiology – the branch of biology that studies how living things function, especially with respect to the physical and chemical phenomena that are used. • THAT MEANS… – A little physics, a little chemistry, a little anatomy… ...
... • Physiology – the branch of biology that studies how living things function, especially with respect to the physical and chemical phenomena that are used. • THAT MEANS… – A little physics, a little chemistry, a little anatomy… ...
Chapter 11: Nervous System
... Voltage-gated channels – open and close in response to membrane potential Mechanically gated channels – open and close in response to physical deformation of receptors ...
... Voltage-gated channels – open and close in response to membrane potential Mechanically gated channels – open and close in response to physical deformation of receptors ...
phys chapter 45 [10-24
... When excitatory synapse excites anterior motor neuron, neuronal membrane becomes highly permeable to Na+ for short time; creates EPSP which declines over time because of positive charges leaking out IPSP increases permeability of membrane to K+ and Cl- for short time, causing more negative potenti ...
... When excitatory synapse excites anterior motor neuron, neuronal membrane becomes highly permeable to Na+ for short time; creates EPSP which declines over time because of positive charges leaking out IPSP increases permeability of membrane to K+ and Cl- for short time, causing more negative potenti ...
Chapter 11: Nervous System
... Voltage-gated channels – open and close in response to membrane potential Mechanically gated channels – open and close in response to physical deformation of receptors ...
... Voltage-gated channels – open and close in response to membrane potential Mechanically gated channels – open and close in response to physical deformation of receptors ...
Nervous System - Buck Mountain Central School
... • The plasma membrane of almost all cells has an electrical potential of about -70 mV. In neurons this is called the resting potential. Both sides have a rich supply of positive and negative ions. There is a higher concentration of potassium ions (K) inside the cell and a higher concentration of so ...
... • The plasma membrane of almost all cells has an electrical potential of about -70 mV. In neurons this is called the resting potential. Both sides have a rich supply of positive and negative ions. There is a higher concentration of potassium ions (K) inside the cell and a higher concentration of so ...
The Nervous System
... carried by the nervous system? As electrical and chemical signals. How does the impulse develop? Charged particles (ions) move across the cell membrane A neuron is ready to transmit an impulse when it is in the resting state. Resting membrane potential is -70 mV ...
... carried by the nervous system? As electrical and chemical signals. How does the impulse develop? Charged particles (ions) move across the cell membrane A neuron is ready to transmit an impulse when it is in the resting state. Resting membrane potential is -70 mV ...
“Put that in the Form of a Question, Please!”
... inside (Na+ ions more prevalent on outside). When in action potential, polarity switches and cell becomes more positive on inside as ion channels open up and Na+ ions flood in? ...
... inside (Na+ ions more prevalent on outside). When in action potential, polarity switches and cell becomes more positive on inside as ion channels open up and Na+ ions flood in? ...
Chapter 10
... 10.6 Cell Membrane Potential 22. Define resting potential. (p. 366) Because the movement of sodium ions into the cell is slower than the movement of potassium out of the cell, there are more positive ions (cations) outside and more negative ions (anions) inside. The difference in the charges between ...
... 10.6 Cell Membrane Potential 22. Define resting potential. (p. 366) Because the movement of sodium ions into the cell is slower than the movement of potassium out of the cell, there are more positive ions (cations) outside and more negative ions (anions) inside. The difference in the charges between ...
1. A unicellular protest may use a contractile vacuole to expel
... a. ZP1 b. ZP2 c. ZP3 d. A & C only. e. The sperm binds to all of the above at the same time. 26. Which of the following is not true of the resting potential of a typical neuron? a. The inside of the cell is more negative than the outside. b. The concentration gradient of sodium is higher outside the ...
... a. ZP1 b. ZP2 c. ZP3 d. A & C only. e. The sperm binds to all of the above at the same time. 26. Which of the following is not true of the resting potential of a typical neuron? a. The inside of the cell is more negative than the outside. b. The concentration gradient of sodium is higher outside the ...
nervous systems
... Action potentials are conducted along axons at speeds of up to 100 meters per second. If the membrane potential of an axon is measured when an action potential passes, the voltage changes from the resting potential of –70 mV to +50 mV, then rapidly returns to the resting potential. ...
... Action potentials are conducted along axons at speeds of up to 100 meters per second. If the membrane potential of an axon is measured when an action potential passes, the voltage changes from the resting potential of –70 mV to +50 mV, then rapidly returns to the resting potential. ...
resting membrane potential
... move into of the cell because of a chemical force. (b) As some sodium ions enter the cell, taking with them a positive charge, the inside of the cell becomes positive relative to the outside. The change in charge distribution creates an electrical force to move sodium ions out of the cell, opposing ...
... move into of the cell because of a chemical force. (b) As some sodium ions enter the cell, taking with them a positive charge, the inside of the cell becomes positive relative to the outside. The change in charge distribution creates an electrical force to move sodium ions out of the cell, opposing ...
Neuroanatomy PP - Rincon History Department
... The neural membrane only allows certain ions through the membrane. Positively charged sodium and potassium ions and negatively charged chloride ions flow back and forth across the cell membrane, but they do not cross at the same rate. The difference in the flow leads to a higher concentration of neg ...
... The neural membrane only allows certain ions through the membrane. Positively charged sodium and potassium ions and negatively charged chloride ions flow back and forth across the cell membrane, but they do not cross at the same rate. The difference in the flow leads to a higher concentration of neg ...
2. Peripheral Nervous System
... sensory receptor (sensory input) integration (motor output) effector ...
... sensory receptor (sensory input) integration (motor output) effector ...
ph16neuro lectures
... concentrations inside and outside of the cell. The equation says that when a membrane is permeable to several different ions, the resting membrane potential depends on permeability, charge, and concentrations of all of the ions. So, the resting potential is not at the equilibrium potential for any s ...
... concentrations inside and outside of the cell. The equation says that when a membrane is permeable to several different ions, the resting membrane potential depends on permeability, charge, and concentrations of all of the ions. So, the resting potential is not at the equilibrium potential for any s ...
Multiple Choice - 32 points total In each of the questions, select the
... B) With all X+ channels in the membrane closed the membrane potential rests at -65 mV. Given the concentrations listed above, what would happen to the membrane potential if a large number of X+ channels opened? (3pts) ...
... B) With all X+ channels in the membrane closed the membrane potential rests at -65 mV. Given the concentrations listed above, what would happen to the membrane potential if a large number of X+ channels opened? (3pts) ...
K - Cloudfront.net
... STEP 3 - Wave: nerve impulse travels down neuron – change in charge opens next Na+ gates down the line – Na+ ions continue to diffuse into cell – “wave” moves down neuron = The rest of the dominoes fall! ...
... STEP 3 - Wave: nerve impulse travels down neuron – change in charge opens next Na+ gates down the line – Na+ ions continue to diffuse into cell – “wave” moves down neuron = The rest of the dominoes fall! ...
the limbic system
... (a) the ionic concentration differences across the membrane, and (b) the membrane's relative permeabilities to different ions. Plasma membrane Na,K-ATPase pumps maintain intracellular sodium concentration low and potassium high. In almost all resting cells, the plasma membrane is much more permeable ...
... (a) the ionic concentration differences across the membrane, and (b) the membrane's relative permeabilities to different ions. Plasma membrane Na,K-ATPase pumps maintain intracellular sodium concentration low and potassium high. In almost all resting cells, the plasma membrane is much more permeable ...
Chapter 10: Nervous System I
... impulse. 2. At rest, a cell membrane gets a slight surplus of positive charges outside, and inside reflects a slight negative surplus of impermeable negatively charged ions because the cell membrane is more permeable to potassium ions than sodium ions. Also the cell may contain anions and proteins t ...
... impulse. 2. At rest, a cell membrane gets a slight surplus of positive charges outside, and inside reflects a slight negative surplus of impermeable negatively charged ions because the cell membrane is more permeable to potassium ions than sodium ions. Also the cell may contain anions and proteins t ...
D. Vertebrate Nervous Systems
... Anions are more concentrated within a cell. Cations are more concentrated in the extracellular fluid Measuring Membrane Potentials. An unstimulated cell usually has a resting potential of -70mV. How a Cell Maintains a Membrane Potential. Cations. K+ is the principal intracellular cati ...
... Anions are more concentrated within a cell. Cations are more concentrated in the extracellular fluid Measuring Membrane Potentials. An unstimulated cell usually has a resting potential of -70mV. How a Cell Maintains a Membrane Potential. Cations. K+ is the principal intracellular cati ...
steps in nerve impulse transmission
... 3. UNDERSHOOT (AKA REFRACTORY PERIOD) Na and K channels close but NaK pump restores order (-70mV) after hyperpolarization ...
... 3. UNDERSHOOT (AKA REFRACTORY PERIOD) Na and K channels close but NaK pump restores order (-70mV) after hyperpolarization ...
Resting potential
The relatively static membrane potential of quiescent cells is called the resting membrane potential (or resting voltage), as opposed to the specific dynamic electrochemical phenomena called action potential and graded membrane potential.Apart from the latter two, which occur in excitable cells (neurons, muscles, and some secretory cells in glands), membrane voltage in the majority of non-excitable cells can also undergo changes in response to environmental or intracellular stimuli. In principle, there is no difference between resting membrane potential and dynamic voltage changes like action potential from a biophysical point of view: all these phenomena are caused by specific changes in membrane permeabilities for potassium, sodium, calcium, and chloride ions, which in turn result from concerted changes in functional activity of various ion channels, ion transporters, and exchangers. Conventionally, resting membrane potential can be defined as a relatively stable, ground value of transmembrane voltage in animal and plant cells.Any voltage is a difference in electric potential between two points—for example, the separation of positive and negative electric charges on opposite sides of a resistive barrier. The typical resting membrane potential of a cell arises from the separation of potassium ions from intracellular, relatively immobile anions across the membrane of the cell. Because the membrane permeability for potassium is much higher than that for other ions (disregarding voltage-gated channels at this stage), and because of the strong chemical gradient for potassium, potassium ions flow from the cytosol into the extracellular space carrying out positive charge, until their movement is balanced by build-up of negative charge on the inner surface of the membrane. Again, because of the high relative permeability for potassium, the resulting membrane potential is almost always close to the potassium reversal potential. But in order for this process to occur, a concentration gradient of potassium ions must first be set up. This work is done by the ion pumps/transporters and/or exchangers and generally is powered by ATP.In the case of the resting membrane potential across an animal cell's plasma membrane, potassium (and sodium) gradients are established by the Na+/K+-ATPase (sodium-potassium pump) which transports 2 potassium ions inside and 3 sodium ions outside at the cost of 1 ATP molecule. In other cases, for example, a membrane potential may be established by acidification of the inside of a membranous compartment (such as the proton pump that generates membrane potential across synaptic vesicle membranes).