The QT interval on the ECG is measured from the beginning of the
... afterdepolarization (EAD). This leads to enhanced transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) and is usually associated with a prolonged QT interval. TDR serves as a functional re-entry background to maintain torsade de pointes. TDR provides a background for reentry and increases the risk of EAD, ...
... afterdepolarization (EAD). This leads to enhanced transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) and is usually associated with a prolonged QT interval. TDR serves as a functional re-entry background to maintain torsade de pointes. TDR provides a background for reentry and increases the risk of EAD, ...
Surgical Therapy for Heart Failure
... with more normal geometry This should improve cardiac work efficiency and theoretically should improve heart failure symptoms. Ideally it would also translate into prolonged survival ...
... with more normal geometry This should improve cardiac work efficiency and theoretically should improve heart failure symptoms. Ideally it would also translate into prolonged survival ...
Is Fibrillation Chaos?
... organ, simple mathematical descriptions of its electrical activity often suffice.' 10 One type of cardiac electrical activity that does not at first sight seem amenable to simple mathematical description is ventricular fibrillation (VF). In VF, small sections of cardiac muscle contract in an uncoord ...
... organ, simple mathematical descriptions of its electrical activity often suffice.' 10 One type of cardiac electrical activity that does not at first sight seem amenable to simple mathematical description is ventricular fibrillation (VF). In VF, small sections of cardiac muscle contract in an uncoord ...
Learning Resources - San Jose State University School of Nursing
... d. Is there a P wave for every QRS? There should be only one P-wave in front of every QRS complex. There is one P-wave for each QRS complex. e. Measure the P-R interval. Is it normal? The P-R interval is measured from the beginning of the P-wave to the beginning of the Qwave. Uses calipers to measur ...
... d. Is there a P wave for every QRS? There should be only one P-wave in front of every QRS complex. There is one P-wave for each QRS complex. e. Measure the P-R interval. Is it normal? The P-R interval is measured from the beginning of the P-wave to the beginning of the Qwave. Uses calipers to measur ...
Cardiac anatomy and physiology
... RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN P & QRS (HOW DO WE KNOW THIS…. WIDE QRS) PR – NO PATTERN QRS – WIDE ...
... RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN P & QRS (HOW DO WE KNOW THIS…. WIDE QRS) PR – NO PATTERN QRS – WIDE ...
10/07 Cardiac Tamponade
... of the pulmonary valve, at the time of opening of the tricuspid valve • When collapse extends form outflow tract to the body of the right ventricle, this is evidence that intrapericardial pressure is elevated more substantially ...
... of the pulmonary valve, at the time of opening of the tricuspid valve • When collapse extends form outflow tract to the body of the right ventricle, this is evidence that intrapericardial pressure is elevated more substantially ...
p-wave
... the internodal tracts to the AV node. From there it travels to the bundle of his then down the right and left bundles. The purkinje fibers conduct the impulse rapidly through the muscle until it “depolarizes” The depolarization causes our muscles to contract and that’s what pushes the blood through ...
... the internodal tracts to the AV node. From there it travels to the bundle of his then down the right and left bundles. The purkinje fibers conduct the impulse rapidly through the muscle until it “depolarizes” The depolarization causes our muscles to contract and that’s what pushes the blood through ...
1 - Grupo Akros
... blocker with a marked clinical improvement. My patients had one other factor directing our approach. The patients were not candidates for coronary artery bypass surgery because of the extent of the coronary artery disease based on coronary angiography or their general medical status condition preclu ...
... blocker with a marked clinical improvement. My patients had one other factor directing our approach. The patients were not candidates for coronary artery bypass surgery because of the extent of the coronary artery disease based on coronary angiography or their general medical status condition preclu ...
Volume 10, N .2 March 2013
... the brain) and weakening of the heart muscle. For many years only medical therapy was available. Certain drugs are used to slow down the heart rate, and for certain patients, more complex medications that affect the electric impulses within the heart are used to attempt to control the rhythm. Of cou ...
... the brain) and weakening of the heart muscle. For many years only medical therapy was available. Certain drugs are used to slow down the heart rate, and for certain patients, more complex medications that affect the electric impulses within the heart are used to attempt to control the rhythm. Of cou ...
Interpreting ECGs with Confidence: Part 2
... pacemaker cells that depolarize more slowly than the sinus node or AV node. Canine patients with third-degree AV block usually present with weakness, exercise intolerance, syncope, congestive heart failure, and/or dyspnea; some have experienced sudden death. Dogs reportedly may also be asymptomatic ...
... pacemaker cells that depolarize more slowly than the sinus node or AV node. Canine patients with third-degree AV block usually present with weakness, exercise intolerance, syncope, congestive heart failure, and/or dyspnea; some have experienced sudden death. Dogs reportedly may also be asymptomatic ...
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: Controlling a
... You're a prime candidate for an ICD if you've had ventricular tachycardia, survived a cardiac arrest or have fainted from a ventricular arrhythmia. You may also benefit from an ICD if you have: ...
... You're a prime candidate for an ICD if you've had ventricular tachycardia, survived a cardiac arrest or have fainted from a ventricular arrhythmia. You may also benefit from an ICD if you have: ...
learning zone
... the nurse should therefore be able to recognise whatever terms he or she encounters in practice. This article uses the term dysrhythmias for abnormal (non-sinus) rhythm rather than the more commonly used term arrhythmias. While ECGs may contain abnormal (ectopic) beats, initial interpretation should ...
... the nurse should therefore be able to recognise whatever terms he or she encounters in practice. This article uses the term dysrhythmias for abnormal (non-sinus) rhythm rather than the more commonly used term arrhythmias. While ECGs may contain abnormal (ectopic) beats, initial interpretation should ...
Supraventricular tachycardia
... or more. The risk of AF is measured by the presence of underlying cardiovascular disease including myocardial infarction and hypertension'271 (Fig. 2). It has an immediate haemodynamic impact as ventricular rate control is disturbed. Cardiac emptying and filling is disadvantaged by the changing cycl ...
... or more. The risk of AF is measured by the presence of underlying cardiovascular disease including myocardial infarction and hypertension'271 (Fig. 2). It has an immediate haemodynamic impact as ventricular rate control is disturbed. Cardiac emptying and filling is disadvantaged by the changing cycl ...
EKG Interpretation - Fire Training Tracker
... Absence of any complexes indicate complete cessation of electrical activity The heart is motionless ...
... Absence of any complexes indicate complete cessation of electrical activity The heart is motionless ...
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy for HF - 2002
... Traditionally contraindicated in heart failure, due to impaired inotropy, early lack of tolerability, and worsening heart failure Over 10,000 patients have now been evaluated in long-term placebo-controlled clinical trials; Improvement in cardiac function and NYHA class; and decrease in mortality an ...
... Traditionally contraindicated in heart failure, due to impaired inotropy, early lack of tolerability, and worsening heart failure Over 10,000 patients have now been evaluated in long-term placebo-controlled clinical trials; Improvement in cardiac function and NYHA class; and decrease in mortality an ...
Original article CARDIAC STRUCTURES MEASUREMENTS BY
... thickness at end-diastole; LVID-S: left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole; LVIDD: left ventricular internal diameter at enddiastole; LVFW-S: left ventricular free wall thickness at end-systole; LVFW-D: left ventricular free wall thickness at end-diastole; AoDD: aortic diameter at end-dias ...
... thickness at end-diastole; LVID-S: left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole; LVIDD: left ventricular internal diameter at enddiastole; LVFW-S: left ventricular free wall thickness at end-systole; LVFW-D: left ventricular free wall thickness at end-diastole; AoDD: aortic diameter at end-dias ...
Sample pages 2 PDF
... Fallot is brought to the emergency department and subsequently to the PICU for progressively turning blue soon after waking when his mother began to feed him. He became fussy, began to cry, and since then, has been getting progressively more cyanotic and limp. All of the following are true statement ...
... Fallot is brought to the emergency department and subsequently to the PICU for progressively turning blue soon after waking when his mother began to feed him. He became fussy, began to cry, and since then, has been getting progressively more cyanotic and limp. All of the following are true statement ...
MADIT-I and MADIT-II
... trophysiologic (EP) study were considered to be at particularly high risk for sudden death. The MADIT-I study was designed as a proof-of-concept study to determine through a randomized trial if ICD therapy would result in improved survival in coronary patients at high risk for sudden death when comp ...
... trophysiologic (EP) study were considered to be at particularly high risk for sudden death. The MADIT-I study was designed as a proof-of-concept study to determine through a randomized trial if ICD therapy would result in improved survival in coronary patients at high risk for sudden death when comp ...
Cardiac Arrhythmias and Conduction Abnormalities
... Right Bundle Branch Block • Clinical Correlates-RVH, sudden increase in right ventricular pressure with stretch (as in pulmonary embolism), Cor Pulmonale, myocardial ischemia, infarction, or inflammation (myocarditis), hypertension. • Caveats: Sometimes you will see a qR’ wave indicating an anteros ...
... Right Bundle Branch Block • Clinical Correlates-RVH, sudden increase in right ventricular pressure with stretch (as in pulmonary embolism), Cor Pulmonale, myocardial ischemia, infarction, or inflammation (myocarditis), hypertension. • Caveats: Sometimes you will see a qR’ wave indicating an anteros ...
Original Research - Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center
... Left ventricular outflow Doppler stroke volume determination: Pulsed Doppler interrogation of left ventricular outflow was performed in the apical five-chamber view proximal to the aortic annulus. The systolic outflow envelope was traced to determine the time-velocity integral (TVI). Aortic outflow ...
... Left ventricular outflow Doppler stroke volume determination: Pulsed Doppler interrogation of left ventricular outflow was performed in the apical five-chamber view proximal to the aortic annulus. The systolic outflow envelope was traced to determine the time-velocity integral (TVI). Aortic outflow ...
Arrhythmias and Dysrhythmias - American Academy of Family
... • In patients with nonvalvular AF, the CHA2DS2-VASc score is recommended for assessment of stroke risk. (Class 1: LOE B) January CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American ...
... • In patients with nonvalvular AF, the CHA2DS2-VASc score is recommended for assessment of stroke risk. (Class 1: LOE B) January CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American ...
Comparision between Chest X Ray, Electrocardiogram and
... In the standard 12 lead ECG on comparing the Sokolov-Lyon criteria and Romhilt-Estes point score system, it is seen that sensitivity of 64% and specificity of 75% is found in SokolovLyon criteria whereas Romhilt-Estes has sensitivity of 36% and specificity of 89%. Therefore Romhilt-Estes point score ...
... In the standard 12 lead ECG on comparing the Sokolov-Lyon criteria and Romhilt-Estes point score system, it is seen that sensitivity of 64% and specificity of 75% is found in SokolovLyon criteria whereas Romhilt-Estes has sensitivity of 36% and specificity of 89%. Therefore Romhilt-Estes point score ...
The Value of Left Ventricular Relative Wall Thickness in
... The investigators suggest several plausible mechanisms to explain the association of decreased RWT and VA risk: 1) fibrosis and scar formation can serve as a substrate for reentry circuits, early afterdepolarizations, and VA; 2) fibrosis enhances the ...
... The investigators suggest several plausible mechanisms to explain the association of decreased RWT and VA risk: 1) fibrosis and scar formation can serve as a substrate for reentry circuits, early afterdepolarizations, and VA; 2) fibrosis enhances the ...
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular
... greatly enhanced if during sinus rhythm the T-waves are inverted in the precordial leads especially in V 1 –V 3 or beyond (Fig. 1).2 This finding is uncommon in patients who do not have overt heart disease.3 A caveat regarding the specificity of T-wave inversion in the anterior precordial leads is t ...
... greatly enhanced if during sinus rhythm the T-waves are inverted in the precordial leads especially in V 1 –V 3 or beyond (Fig. 1).2 This finding is uncommon in patients who do not have overt heart disease.3 A caveat regarding the specificity of T-wave inversion in the anterior precordial leads is t ...
Update on Feline Cardiomyopathy: Diagnosis, Treatment and
... Remember that valvular disease in the cat is very rare. Cats do not develop endocardiosis, and endocarditis is very rare, so always consider myocardial disease first when considering differentials for feline heart disease. There are several forms of feline cardiomyopathy: hypertrophic (HCM), restric ...
... Remember that valvular disease in the cat is very rare. Cats do not develop endocardiosis, and endocarditis is very rare, so always consider myocardial disease first when considering differentials for feline heart disease. There are several forms of feline cardiomyopathy: hypertrophic (HCM), restric ...
Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib or VF) is a condition in which there is uncoordinated contraction of the cardiac muscle of the ventricles in the heart, making them quiver rather than contract properly. Ventricular fibrillation is the most commonly identified arrhythmia in cardiac arrest patients. While there is some activity, the lay person is usually unable to detect it by palpating (feeling) the major pulse points of the carotid and femoral arteries. Such an arrhythmia is only confirmed by electrocardiography. Ventricular fibrillation is a medical emergency that requires prompt Advanced Life Support interventions. If this arrhythmia continues for more than a few seconds, it will likely degenerate further into asystole (""flatline""). This condition results in cardiogenic shock and cessation of effective blood circulation. As a consequence, sudden cardiac death (SCD) will result in a matter of minutes. If the patient is not revived after a sufficient period (within roughly 5 minutes at room temperature), the patient could sustain irreversible brain damage and possibly become brain-dead, due to the effects of cerebral hypoxia. On the other hand, death often occurs if sinus rhythm is not restored within 90 seconds of the onset of VF, especially if it has degenerated further into asystole.