Linking Neural Activity to Visual Perception: Separating Sensory and
... direction (distribution X in Figure 2A). The resulting ROC areas (Figure 2B) described the probability that an ideal observer could tell which direction had been presented to the subject, based on the distribution of MT spike counts. This was computed separately for each level of coherent motion str ...
... direction (distribution X in Figure 2A). The resulting ROC areas (Figure 2B) described the probability that an ideal observer could tell which direction had been presented to the subject, based on the distribution of MT spike counts. This was computed separately for each level of coherent motion str ...
The Resilience of Computationalism - Philsci
... computations and neural processes. We will look at each class in turn. Before proceeding, what do we mean by ‘computation’? To a first approximation, computation is what computers and similar machines do. The paradigmatic computer is the kind we use every day: the electronic, programmable, stored-pr ...
... computations and neural processes. We will look at each class in turn. Before proceeding, what do we mean by ‘computation’? To a first approximation, computation is what computers and similar machines do. The paradigmatic computer is the kind we use every day: the electronic, programmable, stored-pr ...
Human frequency-following response: representation of pitch
... Evans, 1978; Moore, 1989). Energy may or may not be present at the fundamental frequency. In contrast, place or spectral pitch is associated with individual fre* Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 (765) 494-3793; Fax: +1 (765) 494-0771. E-mail address: [email protected] (A. Krishnan). ...
... Evans, 1978; Moore, 1989). Energy may or may not be present at the fundamental frequency. In contrast, place or spectral pitch is associated with individual fre* Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 (765) 494-3793; Fax: +1 (765) 494-0771. E-mail address: [email protected] (A. Krishnan). ...
The Neural Architecture Underlying Habit Learning: An Evolving
... During these years we and many other people stained and labeled for tens and tens of neurotransmitter-related substances, and, with a series of wonderfully gifted students, postdocs, and occasional visitors, we all found that the substances tended to be enriched either in striosomes or in the extras ...
... During these years we and many other people stained and labeled for tens and tens of neurotransmitter-related substances, and, with a series of wonderfully gifted students, postdocs, and occasional visitors, we all found that the substances tended to be enriched either in striosomes or in the extras ...
THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF VISUAL-SACCADIC DECISION MAKING
... understanding the simplest possible generative mechanism for behavior, a mechanism with which sensory stimuli could be used to trigger motor responses. The mechanisms that underlie other classes of behavior, however, remained largely unexplored by physiologists until quite recently. Over the course ...
... understanding the simplest possible generative mechanism for behavior, a mechanism with which sensory stimuli could be used to trigger motor responses. The mechanisms that underlie other classes of behavior, however, remained largely unexplored by physiologists until quite recently. Over the course ...
What is the other 85% of V1 doing?
... neuron may be bypassed if the neuron does not respond “rationally” to the investigators stimuli or fit the stereotype of what the experimenter believes the neuron should do. This is especially true for higher visual areas like area V4, but it is also true for V1. Such neurons are commonly regarded a ...
... neuron may be bypassed if the neuron does not respond “rationally” to the investigators stimuli or fit the stereotype of what the experimenter believes the neuron should do. This is especially true for higher visual areas like area V4, but it is also true for V1. Such neurons are commonly regarded a ...
Artificial neural networks and their application in biological and
... information systems and on methods to analyze and process information that may shed light on processes taking place in the human brain, is very important (Kosiński 2007). In spite of considerable development of several indirectly connected scientific fields as well as various research methods and te ...
... information systems and on methods to analyze and process information that may shed light on processes taking place in the human brain, is very important (Kosiński 2007). In spite of considerable development of several indirectly connected scientific fields as well as various research methods and te ...
Role of Inhibitory Neurotransmitter Interactions in the Pathogenesis
... localize CO2-activated cells within the piglet medulla oblongata.9 This gene is rapidly and transiently expressed following cell activation by different stimuli, including hypercapnia. It should be noted that finding c-Fos expression in a subset of neurons within respiratory-related medullary region ...
... localize CO2-activated cells within the piglet medulla oblongata.9 This gene is rapidly and transiently expressed following cell activation by different stimuli, including hypercapnia. It should be noted that finding c-Fos expression in a subset of neurons within respiratory-related medullary region ...
EUGENE GARFIELD
... Ap[ysia, he had worked on the mammalian hippocampus (a curved elongated ridge that extends over the floor of the descending horn of each lateral ventricle of the brain and consists of gray matter covered on the ventricular surface with white matter). This effort resulted in a four-part study publish ...
... Ap[ysia, he had worked on the mammalian hippocampus (a curved elongated ridge that extends over the floor of the descending horn of each lateral ventricle of the brain and consists of gray matter covered on the ventricular surface with white matter). This effort resulted in a four-part study publish ...
Mental Processes -- How the Mind Arises from the Brain Roger Ellman
... that the evolved human nervous system recapitulates and has as functioning subsystems the evolutionary history of the earlier developed stages of nervous system. Whether, if one were to design a human "from scratch", one would include all of these mechanisms is a hypothetical question to be perhaps ...
... that the evolved human nervous system recapitulates and has as functioning subsystems the evolutionary history of the earlier developed stages of nervous system. Whether, if one were to design a human "from scratch", one would include all of these mechanisms is a hypothetical question to be perhaps ...
On the Significance of Neuronal Giantism in Gastropods
... whereas other gastropod taxa do not? The best answer will probably rest on future comparative observations on species chosen for particular nervous system characters, but the context for such comparative observations can be set here. The approach is to enumerate the specific set of behavioral and ne ...
... whereas other gastropod taxa do not? The best answer will probably rest on future comparative observations on species chosen for particular nervous system characters, but the context for such comparative observations can be set here. The approach is to enumerate the specific set of behavioral and ne ...
Brain-implantable biomimetic electronics as the next era in neural
... appropriate additional associations with previously learned information (the same face may have context-dependent names, e.g., first-name basis in an informal social setting versus position title in a formal business setting), and that minimizes interference (the same name may be associated with sev ...
... appropriate additional associations with previously learned information (the same face may have context-dependent names, e.g., first-name basis in an informal social setting versus position title in a formal business setting), and that minimizes interference (the same name may be associated with sev ...
Embryogenesis Handout Part 2
... Cells originating from the fused tips of the neuroectoderm (i.e., neural crest cells) migrate to various locations throughout the embryo, where they will initiate the development of diverse body structures [D, see diagram]. The neural crest cells form, so to speak, a 4th embryonic germinal layer. Th ...
... Cells originating from the fused tips of the neuroectoderm (i.e., neural crest cells) migrate to various locations throughout the embryo, where they will initiate the development of diverse body structures [D, see diagram]. The neural crest cells form, so to speak, a 4th embryonic germinal layer. Th ...
file
... and c). In the remaining animal, 75% of sites showed strong facilitation to both 5- and 10-pps stimuli, but poor responses to stimuli repeated at 7.5 pps (data not shown). Thus NB-induced plasticity reliably increased the strength of the cortical response to stimuli presented at the paired rate, eve ...
... and c). In the remaining animal, 75% of sites showed strong facilitation to both 5- and 10-pps stimuli, but poor responses to stimuli repeated at 7.5 pps (data not shown). Thus NB-induced plasticity reliably increased the strength of the cortical response to stimuli presented at the paired rate, eve ...
Spiking neural networks for vision tasks
... 4.4 Hand posture estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 Human action recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 Examples of non-vision applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... 4.4 Hand posture estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 Human action recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 Examples of non-vision applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Neural Correlates of Learning in the Prefrontal Cortex of the Monkey
... The PFC also receives important projections from the hypothalamus, the amygdala, and several brainstem structures, directly or indirectly through the thalamus (reviewed in Fuster, 1988). These limbic structures are involved in the control of behavior (review in McGinty and Szymusiak, 1988) and can i ...
... The PFC also receives important projections from the hypothalamus, the amygdala, and several brainstem structures, directly or indirectly through the thalamus (reviewed in Fuster, 1988). These limbic structures are involved in the control of behavior (review in McGinty and Szymusiak, 1988) and can i ...
The Nature of Behavioral Neuroscience
... • He was the first to suggest that a link exists between the human mind and its purely physical housing, the brain. • He believed that the sense organs of the body supply the mind with information about what is happening in the environment, and that the mind, using this information, controls the mov ...
... • He was the first to suggest that a link exists between the human mind and its purely physical housing, the brain. • He believed that the sense organs of the body supply the mind with information about what is happening in the environment, and that the mind, using this information, controls the mov ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... also thought to be involved in a variety of cognitive and motivational processes,(38 – 40) and appear to be critical for interval timing. Excitatory input from the cortex to the basal ganglia comes primarily into the striatum, the input nucleus of the basal ganglia. The striatum also receives modula ...
... also thought to be involved in a variety of cognitive and motivational processes,(38 – 40) and appear to be critical for interval timing. Excitatory input from the cortex to the basal ganglia comes primarily into the striatum, the input nucleus of the basal ganglia. The striatum also receives modula ...
Monitoring and switching of cortico-basal ganglia loop
... stimuli are involved (Matsumoto et al., 2001). Involvement of the CM–Pf complex in attentional control of action was investigated by using the cued-target detection task, a conventional attention paradigm in which a visual trigger stimulus appeared either 80% of the trials at the same spatial locati ...
... stimuli are involved (Matsumoto et al., 2001). Involvement of the CM–Pf complex in attentional control of action was investigated by using the cued-target detection task, a conventional attention paradigm in which a visual trigger stimulus appeared either 80% of the trials at the same spatial locati ...
ppt
... • In [6, 7] “Chun” and “McNamee” have proposed a method that models the effects of fault in an ANN as deviation in weight values after the neural network has been trained. • Sequin and Clay [5] use stuck-at fault model to describe the effects of faults in ANNs. • Chiu et al. [8] use a procedure that ...
... • In [6, 7] “Chun” and “McNamee” have proposed a method that models the effects of fault in an ANN as deviation in weight values after the neural network has been trained. • Sequin and Clay [5] use stuck-at fault model to describe the effects of faults in ANNs. • Chiu et al. [8] use a procedure that ...
1 Principles of structure and functioning of nervous system
... 1. Topicality: The knowledge of the principles of nervous system structure and functions is the basis of understanding pathological syndromes and diseases that occur in its pathology. The preservation of the brain motor systems is an important term of accidental moves of a person. Motor system abnor ...
... 1. Topicality: The knowledge of the principles of nervous system structure and functions is the basis of understanding pathological syndromes and diseases that occur in its pathology. The preservation of the brain motor systems is an important term of accidental moves of a person. Motor system abnor ...
... dimensions—for example, when a squirrel hunts for acorns on the ground—is similar to what is observed in the cortex, where the space is multidimensional, and many searches may take place in parallel (discussed in Section 5). The theory presented here is based on evidence from multiple disciplines, f ...
On the choice of a sparse prior
... Willmore and Tolhurst 2001). Thus, sparse coding offers an approach that leads to simulated neurons with properties which compare well to those of real neurons. An important property of the ICA paradigm was demonstrated in a seminal contribution by Hyvärinen and Oja (1998). Given a known and finite ...
... Willmore and Tolhurst 2001). Thus, sparse coding offers an approach that leads to simulated neurons with properties which compare well to those of real neurons. An important property of the ICA paradigm was demonstrated in a seminal contribution by Hyvärinen and Oja (1998). Given a known and finite ...
Neuroethology
Neuroethology is the evolutionary and comparative approach to the study of animal behavior and its underlying mechanistic control by the nervous system. This interdisciplinary branch of behavioral neuroscience endeavors to understand how the central nervous system translates biologically relevant stimuli into natural behavior. For example, many bats are capable of echolocation which is used for prey capture and navigation. The auditory system of bats is often cited as an example for how acoustic properties of sounds can be converted into a sensory map of behaviorally relevant features of sounds. Neuroethologists hope to uncover general principles of the nervous system from the study of animals with exaggerated or specialized behaviors.As its name implies, neuroethology is a multidisciplinary field composed of neurobiology (the study of the nervous system) and ethology (the study of behavior in natural conditions). A central theme of the field of neuroethology, delineating it from other branches of neuroscience, is this focus on natural behavior. Natural behaviors may be thought of as those behaviors generated through means of natural selection (i.e. finding mates, navigation, locomotion, predator avoidance) rather than behaviors in disease states, or behavioral tasks that are particular to the laboratory.