Document
... general brain architecture: many (relatively) slow neurons, interconnected dendrites serve as input devices (receive electrical impulses from other neurons) cell body "sums" inputs from the dendrites (possibly inhibiting or ...
... general brain architecture: many (relatively) slow neurons, interconnected dendrites serve as input devices (receive electrical impulses from other neurons) cell body "sums" inputs from the dendrites (possibly inhibiting or ...
Artificial Intelligence
... general brain architecture: many (relatively) slow neurons, interconnected dendrites serve as input devices (receive electrical impulses from other neurons) cell body "sums" inputs from the dendrites (possibly inhibiting or ...
... general brain architecture: many (relatively) slow neurons, interconnected dendrites serve as input devices (receive electrical impulses from other neurons) cell body "sums" inputs from the dendrites (possibly inhibiting or ...
The Emergence of Rule-Use: A Dynamic Neural Field Model of... Aaron Buss ()
... Figure 4: The full model (shown without the inhibitory fields) sorting a blue star by color. After boosting the color field by 0.03 units, we presented a target card to the model to sort (see Time-1 in Fig 4). The presentation of the target card created “ridges” of activation at the specified featur ...
... Figure 4: The full model (shown without the inhibitory fields) sorting a blue star by color. After boosting the color field by 0.03 units, we presented a target card to the model to sort (see Time-1 in Fig 4). The presentation of the target card created “ridges” of activation at the specified featur ...
Prenatal and postnatal development of laterally
... input patterns consisted of noisy patterns of neural activity (figure 2a). These patterns were chosen to match retinal waves, which are the best-characterized source of spontaneous activity in early development. However, they can also represent any other spontaneous activity that includes large patc ...
... input patterns consisted of noisy patterns of neural activity (figure 2a). These patterns were chosen to match retinal waves, which are the best-characterized source of spontaneous activity in early development. However, they can also represent any other spontaneous activity that includes large patc ...
Neural analysis of sound frequency in insects
... cells that can be recognized and studied in specimen after specimen. Second, many behaviors of insects are tightly related to specific sensory inputs in a robust manner, allowing one to formulate clear hypotheses about the sorts of information processing that might be taking place. Third, insects ar ...
... cells that can be recognized and studied in specimen after specimen. Second, many behaviors of insects are tightly related to specific sensory inputs in a robust manner, allowing one to formulate clear hypotheses about the sorts of information processing that might be taking place. Third, insects ar ...
Homeostasis and Cell Signaling in Animals Syllabus
... variable initiating the response is moved farther away from the initial set-point. Amplification occurs when the stimulus is further activated, which, in turn, initiates an additional response that produces system change. Examples in animals include: a. Lactation in mammals b. Onset of labor in chil ...
... variable initiating the response is moved farther away from the initial set-point. Amplification occurs when the stimulus is further activated, which, in turn, initiates an additional response that produces system change. Examples in animals include: a. Lactation in mammals b. Onset of labor in chil ...
interaction: the nervous and endocrine systems
... The peripheral nervous system connects all of the receptors and effectors in the body to the nerve centre. The peripheral nervous system is divided into: • The soma(c nervous system, which connects the sensory receptors of the sensory organs to the central nervous system and this to the skeletal ...
... The peripheral nervous system connects all of the receptors and effectors in the body to the nerve centre. The peripheral nervous system is divided into: • The soma(c nervous system, which connects the sensory receptors of the sensory organs to the central nervous system and this to the skeletal ...
Olfactory processing: maps, time and codes Gilles Laurent
... degree, static, such as a short odor puff. Recent work on olfactory processing in insects from my laboratory [38,39••–41••,42,43] suggests that information about odor identity can indeed be obtained by considering not only the ‘spatial’ component of the response of ensembles of neurons (i.e. which n ...
... degree, static, such as a short odor puff. Recent work on olfactory processing in insects from my laboratory [38,39••–41••,42,43] suggests that information about odor identity can indeed be obtained by considering not only the ‘spatial’ component of the response of ensembles of neurons (i.e. which n ...
Identifying Hallmarks of Consciousness in Non-Mammalian
... Most early studies of consciousness have focused on human subjects. This is understandable, given that humans are capable of reporting accurately the events they experience through language or by way of other kinds of voluntary response. As researchers turn their attention to other animals, “accurat ...
... Most early studies of consciousness have focused on human subjects. This is understandable, given that humans are capable of reporting accurately the events they experience through language or by way of other kinds of voluntary response. As researchers turn their attention to other animals, “accurat ...
Trial time warping to discriminate stimulus-related
... sensory stimuli. However, these methods are not designed to test whether the activity of a cell is associated to the sensory, cognitive, or motor aspects of a task, particularly when the task includes many such events in a sequence. Here we describe a novel warping method to discover whether the cel ...
... sensory stimuli. However, these methods are not designed to test whether the activity of a cell is associated to the sensory, cognitive, or motor aspects of a task, particularly when the task includes many such events in a sequence. Here we describe a novel warping method to discover whether the cel ...
Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus
... course of fMRI activation in object-selective cortex. Object-selective cortical regions were defined as regions that showed higher activation for animal stimuli than for scrambled animals, with p!0.001 at the voxel level [94]. Black: first presentation of the stimulus; Red: repeated versions of the ...
... course of fMRI activation in object-selective cortex. Object-selective cortical regions were defined as regions that showed higher activation for animal stimuli than for scrambled animals, with p!0.001 at the voxel level [94]. Black: first presentation of the stimulus; Red: repeated versions of the ...
Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus
... course of fMRI activation in object-selective cortex. Object-selective cortical regions were defined as regions that showed higher activation for animal stimuli than for scrambled animals, with p!0.001 at the voxel level [94]. Black: first presentation of the stimulus; Red: repeated versions of the ...
... course of fMRI activation in object-selective cortex. Object-selective cortical regions were defined as regions that showed higher activation for animal stimuli than for scrambled animals, with p!0.001 at the voxel level [94]. Black: first presentation of the stimulus; Red: repeated versions of the ...
Adaptive neural coding: from biological to behavioral decision
... Context-dependent neural value coding. (a) Modulation by spatial context in monkey lateral intraparietal area (LIP) neurons. Left, average firing rate histograms as a function of time, segregated by the value context of the array of alternatives. Despite a constant reward associated with the neural ...
... Context-dependent neural value coding. (a) Modulation by spatial context in monkey lateral intraparietal area (LIP) neurons. Left, average firing rate histograms as a function of time, segregated by the value context of the array of alternatives. Despite a constant reward associated with the neural ...
A NEW CHALLENGE FOR CONTEMPORARY MARKETING
... neurosciences and economy and aims to build a neuronal model for the decisionmaking process in the economic context (Egidi, 2008, p. 1178). With the help of neuroimaging techniques, researchers can study brain activity “in vivo”, as a reaction to certain stimuli and can establish correlations betwee ...
... neurosciences and economy and aims to build a neuronal model for the decisionmaking process in the economic context (Egidi, 2008, p. 1178). With the help of neuroimaging techniques, researchers can study brain activity “in vivo”, as a reaction to certain stimuli and can establish correlations betwee ...
Introductory Psychology Concepts
... System (CNS) • Composed of the brain and spinal cord. • Spinal cord is the primary means for transmitting messages between the brain and the rest of the body. © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ...
... System (CNS) • Composed of the brain and spinal cord. • Spinal cord is the primary means for transmitting messages between the brain and the rest of the body. © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ...
Communication as an emergent metaphor for neuronal operation
... cognition capable of explaining both higher level mental processes [5] and low level information processing in the brain [6]. However, these promises were based on the assumption that the computational model captures all the important characteristics of real biological neurons with respect to inform ...
... cognition capable of explaining both higher level mental processes [5] and low level information processing in the brain [6]. However, these promises were based on the assumption that the computational model captures all the important characteristics of real biological neurons with respect to inform ...
A Point Process Model for Auditory Neurons Considering
... The CIF is for a point process a history-dependent generalization of the rate function of a Poisson process. To obtain a discrete formulation of the CIF we choose K sufficiently large so that each subinterval Δ = K−1T contains at most one spike. We index the subintervals k = 1, …, K and define nk to ...
... The CIF is for a point process a history-dependent generalization of the rate function of a Poisson process. To obtain a discrete formulation of the CIF we choose K sufficiently large so that each subinterval Δ = K−1T contains at most one spike. We index the subintervals k = 1, …, K and define nk to ...
Information processing in a neuron ensemble with the multiplicative
... Fisher information increases without limit, when the effective range of correlation is very short or very long. These results are based on the simple additive noise correlation. Eurich and Wilke (2000) used the general multiplicative case and showed that the Fisher information increases proportional ...
... Fisher information increases without limit, when the effective range of correlation is very short or very long. These results are based on the simple additive noise correlation. Eurich and Wilke (2000) used the general multiplicative case and showed that the Fisher information increases proportional ...
Media Release
... Scientists have shown how the brain anticipates all of the new situations that it may encounter in a lifetime by creating a special kind of neural network that is “pre-adapted” to face any eventuality. This emerges from a new neuroscience study published in PLOS Computational Biology. Enel et al at ...
... Scientists have shown how the brain anticipates all of the new situations that it may encounter in a lifetime by creating a special kind of neural network that is “pre-adapted” to face any eventuality. This emerges from a new neuroscience study published in PLOS Computational Biology. Enel et al at ...
Genetic basis of male sexual behavior
... simple motor actions. Execution of each step is triggered by sensory inputs and tends to lead to acquisition of new inputs that will trigger an advance of the program to the next step. However, the order of execution of steps is not obligatory—the program can jump forward to a later step, skipping o ...
... simple motor actions. Execution of each step is triggered by sensory inputs and tends to lead to acquisition of new inputs that will trigger an advance of the program to the next step. However, the order of execution of steps is not obligatory—the program can jump forward to a later step, skipping o ...
Gestalt Issues in Modern Neuroscience
... of a more regular pattern, i.e., a circle (Figure 1b). Conversely, in cases that obey the Prägnanz principle, there is no good explanation why we should see a stimulus pattern better than it is at the expense of veridicality. One may therefore ask, what purpose does the tendency towards Prägnanz ser ...
... of a more regular pattern, i.e., a circle (Figure 1b). Conversely, in cases that obey the Prägnanz principle, there is no good explanation why we should see a stimulus pattern better than it is at the expense of veridicality. One may therefore ask, what purpose does the tendency towards Prägnanz ser ...
Analyzing Neural Responses to Natural Signals: Maximally
... are relevant for setting the probability of generating a single spike at one moment in time. From an information-theoretic point of view, asking for stimulus features that capture the mutual information between the stimulus and the arrival times of single spikes is a well-posed question even if succ ...
... are relevant for setting the probability of generating a single spike at one moment in time. From an information-theoretic point of view, asking for stimulus features that capture the mutual information between the stimulus and the arrival times of single spikes is a well-posed question even if succ ...
The Nervous System
... Left hemisphere controls the right side of the body and is involved with language, math, science, analytical reasoning, logic, and details. Right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and is involved with facial recognition, creativity and imagination, intuition, art and music, and spatial r ...
... Left hemisphere controls the right side of the body and is involved with language, math, science, analytical reasoning, logic, and details. Right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and is involved with facial recognition, creativity and imagination, intuition, art and music, and spatial r ...
choosing the greater of two goods: neural currencies for valuation
... identified sensory representations as well as decisionrelated signals in areas of the parietal and frontal cortices. At the neural level, differentiating sensory signals from decision-related signals is relatively straightforward. First, sensory signals require the presence of the sensory stimulus, ...
... identified sensory representations as well as decisionrelated signals in areas of the parietal and frontal cortices. At the neural level, differentiating sensory signals from decision-related signals is relatively straightforward. First, sensory signals require the presence of the sensory stimulus, ...
Neuroethology
Neuroethology is the evolutionary and comparative approach to the study of animal behavior and its underlying mechanistic control by the nervous system. This interdisciplinary branch of behavioral neuroscience endeavors to understand how the central nervous system translates biologically relevant stimuli into natural behavior. For example, many bats are capable of echolocation which is used for prey capture and navigation. The auditory system of bats is often cited as an example for how acoustic properties of sounds can be converted into a sensory map of behaviorally relevant features of sounds. Neuroethologists hope to uncover general principles of the nervous system from the study of animals with exaggerated or specialized behaviors.As its name implies, neuroethology is a multidisciplinary field composed of neurobiology (the study of the nervous system) and ethology (the study of behavior in natural conditions). A central theme of the field of neuroethology, delineating it from other branches of neuroscience, is this focus on natural behavior. Natural behaviors may be thought of as those behaviors generated through means of natural selection (i.e. finding mates, navigation, locomotion, predator avoidance) rather than behaviors in disease states, or behavioral tasks that are particular to the laboratory.