Coding Rate and Duration of Vocalizations of the Frog, Xenopus laevis
... brief negative suction. After obtaining a stable current-clamp recording, positive and negative current steps (2 s) were applied to characterize membrane properties, and then serotonin was applied to characterize cellular activity during fictive vocalizations (see below). In some neurons, voltage-cl ...
... brief negative suction. After obtaining a stable current-clamp recording, positive and negative current steps (2 s) were applied to characterize membrane properties, and then serotonin was applied to characterize cellular activity during fictive vocalizations (see below). In some neurons, voltage-cl ...
Molecular anatomical investigation of the 2
... the PSD within the so-called perisynaptic zone (Baude et al., 1993; Lujan et al., 1996; Tanaka et al., 2000; Uchigashima et al., 2007; Fukaya et al. 2008). In parallel, our research has shown that DGL-α is also concentrated in a perisynaptic annulus (see in details the Results section), which was c ...
... the PSD within the so-called perisynaptic zone (Baude et al., 1993; Lujan et al., 1996; Tanaka et al., 2000; Uchigashima et al., 2007; Fukaya et al. 2008). In parallel, our research has shown that DGL-α is also concentrated in a perisynaptic annulus (see in details the Results section), which was c ...
Anatomical origins of the classical receptive field and modulatory
... From the analysesof our own and others’ anatomical and physiological data for the macaquevisual system,we arrive at a conclusion that three pathways can provide the Vl neuron with accessto information from the visual tieId and affect its response.Fit, direct thalamic input can determine the size of ...
... From the analysesof our own and others’ anatomical and physiological data for the macaquevisual system,we arrive at a conclusion that three pathways can provide the Vl neuron with accessto information from the visual tieId and affect its response.Fit, direct thalamic input can determine the size of ...
The neuronal structure of the medial geniculate body in the pig
... reported in MGB of other mammals. Small neurons were described as Golgi type II neurons in the cat [9, 11, 31], rat [27], and in the opossum [34]. The Golgi type II neurons form dendro-dendritic synapses with the principal neurons in terminal aggregates called synaptic nests [11]. The Golgi type II ...
... reported in MGB of other mammals. Small neurons were described as Golgi type II neurons in the cat [9, 11, 31], rat [27], and in the opossum [34]. The Golgi type II neurons form dendro-dendritic synapses with the principal neurons in terminal aggregates called synaptic nests [11]. The Golgi type II ...
Chapter 15
... 2. Parasympathetic “Rest, Digest, and Reproduce” -Derived from cranial and sacral nerves ...
... 2. Parasympathetic “Rest, Digest, and Reproduce” -Derived from cranial and sacral nerves ...
The spinal trigeminal nucleus — considerations on the
... The caudal part (nucleus caudalis) of the spinal trigeminal nucleus is considered to be the site of the second order neurons of the nociceptive pathways of the face. Recent studies have supported the co-participation in these circuits of the oral part of the same nucleus (nucleus oralis). The aims o ...
... The caudal part (nucleus caudalis) of the spinal trigeminal nucleus is considered to be the site of the second order neurons of the nociceptive pathways of the face. Recent studies have supported the co-participation in these circuits of the oral part of the same nucleus (nucleus oralis). The aims o ...
TRIGEMINAL NUCLEUS - eCurriculum
... modality to which a sense organ responds optimally. • Generator Potentials are depolarizations in receptors that are graded relative to the intensity and form of the stimulus. ...
... modality to which a sense organ responds optimally. • Generator Potentials are depolarizations in receptors that are graded relative to the intensity and form of the stimulus. ...
Parthenogenetic dopamine neurons from primate embryonic stem
... including forebrain neurons (Yan et al., 2005) and neural crest derivatives (Lee et al., 2007; Elkabetz et al., 2008). Some of these TH+ neurons produce DA but have different axonal connectivity and physiology from those in the midbrain substantia nigra (SN) that are lost in Parkinson’s disease. Par ...
... including forebrain neurons (Yan et al., 2005) and neural crest derivatives (Lee et al., 2007; Elkabetz et al., 2008). Some of these TH+ neurons produce DA but have different axonal connectivity and physiology from those in the midbrain substantia nigra (SN) that are lost in Parkinson’s disease. Par ...
From Network Architecture of Forebrain Systems to Brain Wide Web
... forebrain network architecture and connectivity has been in the focus of research lead by Prof. Haber at the University of Rochester (USA). In contrast to the established view of cortico-basal circuits as parallel processors of independent streams of signals (associative, motivational and motor), Pr ...
... forebrain network architecture and connectivity has been in the focus of research lead by Prof. Haber at the University of Rochester (USA). In contrast to the established view of cortico-basal circuits as parallel processors of independent streams of signals (associative, motivational and motor), Pr ...
emg and ncs: a practical approach to
... • Integrity of the motor and sensory nerves can be ascertained directly from NCS • Direct information regarding health of muscle and the neuromuscular junction and indirect information regarding state of muscular innervation is provided by EMG • Knowing the root level, plexus and terminal branch inn ...
... • Integrity of the motor and sensory nerves can be ascertained directly from NCS • Direct information regarding health of muscle and the neuromuscular junction and indirect information regarding state of muscular innervation is provided by EMG • Knowing the root level, plexus and terminal branch inn ...
Odorant Category Profile Selectivity of Olfactory Cortex Neurons
... Data analysis. An analysis of the spike responses was performed off-line using the Spike2 software program. Under urethane anesthesia, the neocortical EEG alternates between the slow-wave state (SWS) and the fastwave state (FWS) (Murakami et al., 2005). To determine the neocortical EEG state, the sl ...
... Data analysis. An analysis of the spike responses was performed off-line using the Spike2 software program. Under urethane anesthesia, the neocortical EEG alternates between the slow-wave state (SWS) and the fastwave state (FWS) (Murakami et al., 2005). To determine the neocortical EEG state, the sl ...
Leap 2 - Teacher - Teacher Enrichment Initiatives
... 4. be reabsorbed back into the “sending” neuron - this reabsorption will signal cells to STOP releasing additional neurotransmitter, until the next stimulus occurs. This signaling to STOP releasing additional neurotransmitter is an example of a negative feedback loop. In a negative feedback loop, an ...
... 4. be reabsorbed back into the “sending” neuron - this reabsorption will signal cells to STOP releasing additional neurotransmitter, until the next stimulus occurs. This signaling to STOP releasing additional neurotransmitter is an example of a negative feedback loop. In a negative feedback loop, an ...
Descending Pathways in Motor Control
... major mammalian descending pathways. We now have advanced anatomical details for many of them, but the functional roles of each pathway and how they relate to these anatomical features are still unresolved. In particular, we lack evidence in the awake animal or human volunteer as to the nature of th ...
... major mammalian descending pathways. We now have advanced anatomical details for many of them, but the functional roles of each pathway and how they relate to these anatomical features are still unresolved. In particular, we lack evidence in the awake animal or human volunteer as to the nature of th ...
Art.-Schoenbaum (R) - UCSD Cognitive Science
... characteristic of monkeys with surgical ablations of the amygdala18, a phenomenon recognized in some of the earliest investigations of non-human primate behavior after brain lesions19,20. These observations, coupled with anatomical evidence that OFC and ABL are reciprocally connected8–11, suggest th ...
... characteristic of monkeys with surgical ablations of the amygdala18, a phenomenon recognized in some of the earliest investigations of non-human primate behavior after brain lesions19,20. These observations, coupled with anatomical evidence that OFC and ABL are reciprocally connected8–11, suggest th ...
Visual adaptation: Neural, psychological and computational aspects
... of processing adapt and how plasticity occurring early in the processing stream impacts downstream areas. In macaque IT cortex, for example, neuronal adaptation has been reported to show greater selectivity than the response of the corresponding neuron, suggesting that adaptation is occurring at or ...
... of processing adapt and how plasticity occurring early in the processing stream impacts downstream areas. In macaque IT cortex, for example, neuronal adaptation has been reported to show greater selectivity than the response of the corresponding neuron, suggesting that adaptation is occurring at or ...
Muscle 2 - Mt. SAC
... the body and flexor muscles on the opposite side of the body. Muscles move body away from painful stimulus. ...
... the body and flexor muscles on the opposite side of the body. Muscles move body away from painful stimulus. ...
No Slide Title
... Breathing is unique in that it involves both automatic (metabolic) and voluntary (behavioral) control. Control encompasses both the rhythm generating apparatus and the chemical and physical factors that modulate the basic rhythm. 1) The main function of the control of breathing is to adjust the rate ...
... Breathing is unique in that it involves both automatic (metabolic) and voluntary (behavioral) control. Control encompasses both the rhythm generating apparatus and the chemical and physical factors that modulate the basic rhythm. 1) The main function of the control of breathing is to adjust the rate ...
Viewpoint - Columbia University
... data in Figures 1E and 1F were collected over a number of months, indicating that this mechanism is not only robust but stable. Finally, the common neuronal crossing time tc is different for each monkey, but nevertheless in both monkeys tc is close to the attentional switching time, despite signific ...
... data in Figures 1E and 1F were collected over a number of months, indicating that this mechanism is not only robust but stable. Finally, the common neuronal crossing time tc is different for each monkey, but nevertheless in both monkeys tc is close to the attentional switching time, despite signific ...