Activity of Defined Mushroom Body Output Neurons
... appetitive conditioning (Tempel et al., 1983; Krashes and Waddell, 2008). All flies were trained and tested for 3 min memory at the restrictive temperature of 32 C. Blocking the M4/6 neurons caused an impairment in memory performance. R21D02;shits1, VT1211;shits1 and R66C08;shits1 flies displayed p ...
... appetitive conditioning (Tempel et al., 1983; Krashes and Waddell, 2008). All flies were trained and tested for 3 min memory at the restrictive temperature of 32 C. Blocking the M4/6 neurons caused an impairment in memory performance. R21D02;shits1, VT1211;shits1 and R66C08;shits1 flies displayed p ...
Dissociation of Mnemonic Coding and Other Functional Neuronal
... and other functional neuronal processing in the monkey prefrontal cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 761–774, 1997. Single-neuron activity was recorded in the prefrontal cortex of three monkeys during the performance of a spatial delayed alternation (DA) task and during the presentation of a variety of vi ...
... and other functional neuronal processing in the monkey prefrontal cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 761–774, 1997. Single-neuron activity was recorded in the prefrontal cortex of three monkeys during the performance of a spatial delayed alternation (DA) task and during the presentation of a variety of vi ...
Cranial Nerves
... 6. Describe the loss of function associated with damage to each of the cranial nerves 7. Describe the etiology and pathology of Trigeminal Neuralgia and Bell’s Palsy. ...
... 6. Describe the loss of function associated with damage to each of the cranial nerves 7. Describe the etiology and pathology of Trigeminal Neuralgia and Bell’s Palsy. ...
The Peripheral Nervous System
... Connective tissue: Meninges in central nervous system Endoneurium Perineurium in peripheral nervous system Epineurium Epithelium found only in blood vessels of PNS Muscle (smooth) ...
... Connective tissue: Meninges in central nervous system Endoneurium Perineurium in peripheral nervous system Epineurium Epithelium found only in blood vessels of PNS Muscle (smooth) ...
Variance and invariance of neuronal long
... unstable single-cell tuning. Most neurons, again, did not consistently represent a single behavioural feature (licking, whisking and touch) during repeated imaging. Furthermore, a decoding algorithm trained on AP responses from an early session performed progressively worse when applied to later tim ...
... unstable single-cell tuning. Most neurons, again, did not consistently represent a single behavioural feature (licking, whisking and touch) during repeated imaging. Furthermore, a decoding algorithm trained on AP responses from an early session performed progressively worse when applied to later tim ...
Transcripts/01_08 10
... d. [S10] The spinal cord is segmented anatomically. As the neural tube is forming, there are these developmental origins of segments that will turn into pairs of roots of nerves. The input and output occurs at each level of the spinal cord, in a series longitudinally along the cord. i. Dorsal rootle ...
... d. [S10] The spinal cord is segmented anatomically. As the neural tube is forming, there are these developmental origins of segments that will turn into pairs of roots of nerves. The input and output occurs at each level of the spinal cord, in a series longitudinally along the cord. i. Dorsal rootle ...
The structure and connexions of neurons
... 1. The nerve cells are morphological entities, neurons, to use the word brought into use by the authority of Professor Waldeyer. My celebrated colleague Professor Golgi has already demonstrated this property with respect to the dendritic or protoplasmic processes of the nerve cells; but at the begin ...
... 1. The nerve cells are morphological entities, neurons, to use the word brought into use by the authority of Professor Waldeyer. My celebrated colleague Professor Golgi has already demonstrated this property with respect to the dendritic or protoplasmic processes of the nerve cells; but at the begin ...
Review Energy limitation as a selective pressure on the evolution of
... final output of the nervous system is the behaviour of the animal, which is a product of both its morphology and physiology. The nervous system is under selective pressure to generate adaptive behaviour, but at the same time is subject to costs related to the amount of energy that it consumes. Chara ...
... final output of the nervous system is the behaviour of the animal, which is a product of both its morphology and physiology. The nervous system is under selective pressure to generate adaptive behaviour, but at the same time is subject to costs related to the amount of energy that it consumes. Chara ...
Supplementary Information - Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit
... networks, the full set of cortical connections is present (EÆE, EÆI, IÆE, IÆI) and the number of connections is chosen to be identical to that used in the sharpening model (40 excitatory and 30 inhibitory synapses onto each cortical cell). NS2 is comparable to S2 in terms of cortical connectivity an ...
... networks, the full set of cortical connections is present (EÆE, EÆI, IÆE, IÆI) and the number of connections is chosen to be identical to that used in the sharpening model (40 excitatory and 30 inhibitory synapses onto each cortical cell). NS2 is comparable to S2 in terms of cortical connectivity an ...
Corticofugal Modulation of Initial Sound
... onto glass slides and stained using the Nissl method. The electrolytic neurons were measured, two experimental protocols were applied to lesion was examined under a light microscope. An example is shown evaluate the influence of the cortex on the activities of CN neurons. in Figure 1, B and C. One e ...
... onto glass slides and stained using the Nissl method. The electrolytic neurons were measured, two experimental protocols were applied to lesion was examined under a light microscope. An example is shown evaluate the influence of the cortex on the activities of CN neurons. in Figure 1, B and C. One e ...
ALS Pathway
... o Burning sensation when cold hands placed in warm water: polymodal nocireceptors that produce a burning feeling are normally suppressed by thermoreceptors active at ambient temperatures; when the temperature gets cold enough, these thermoreceptors are shut off and the nocireceptors can fire pain si ...
... o Burning sensation when cold hands placed in warm water: polymodal nocireceptors that produce a burning feeling are normally suppressed by thermoreceptors active at ambient temperatures; when the temperature gets cold enough, these thermoreceptors are shut off and the nocireceptors can fire pain si ...
Purves ch. 8 + Kandel ch. 23 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... The long axis of the corpuscle is usually oriented parallel to the stretch lines in skin; thus, Ruffini’s corpuscles are particularly sensitive to the cutaneous stretching produced by digit or limb movements. They account for about 20% of the receptors in the human hand and do not elicit any particu ...
... The long axis of the corpuscle is usually oriented parallel to the stretch lines in skin; thus, Ruffini’s corpuscles are particularly sensitive to the cutaneous stretching produced by digit or limb movements. They account for about 20% of the receptors in the human hand and do not elicit any particu ...
Field effects in the CNS play functional roles
... of one or more neurons are sufficiently large that they are channeled across the membranes of adjacent inactive neurons. These effects are greatest when the extracellular resistance is high, a condition which favors the flow of current along an alternative parallel pathway. Figure 1 illustrates the ...
... of one or more neurons are sufficiently large that they are channeled across the membranes of adjacent inactive neurons. These effects are greatest when the extracellular resistance is high, a condition which favors the flow of current along an alternative parallel pathway. Figure 1 illustrates the ...
storyboards
... internal segment and the substantia nigra reticulata, which control the motor cortex through the thalamus. (N.B. erase big arrow and unhighlight the striatum and highlight the SNr and Gpi as output structures with an arrow going to the thalamus and another arrow going to the motor cortex.) ...
... internal segment and the substantia nigra reticulata, which control the motor cortex through the thalamus. (N.B. erase big arrow and unhighlight the striatum and highlight the SNr and Gpi as output structures with an arrow going to the thalamus and another arrow going to the motor cortex.) ...
Differential regulation of the central neural cardiorespiratory system
... (b) The baroreflex pathway is shown on its own. Stretch receptor afferent neurons from the aortic arch and carotid sinus and the neurons synapse in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). Neurons in the NTS then activate inhibitory neurons (blue) in the caudal ventrolateral medulla, which in turn inhi ...
... (b) The baroreflex pathway is shown on its own. Stretch receptor afferent neurons from the aortic arch and carotid sinus and the neurons synapse in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). Neurons in the NTS then activate inhibitory neurons (blue) in the caudal ventrolateral medulla, which in turn inhi ...
Musings on the Wanderer: What`s New in Our Understanding of
... gastrointestinal tract even 45 days after vagotomy (46). There are several potential mechanisms that may be responsible for the failure of the efferents to regenerate (46). Competition for limited target sites and/or the trophic factors they produce might block vagal efferent reinnervation of the ta ...
... gastrointestinal tract even 45 days after vagotomy (46). There are several potential mechanisms that may be responsible for the failure of the efferents to regenerate (46). Competition for limited target sites and/or the trophic factors they produce might block vagal efferent reinnervation of the ta ...
PDF - Center for Theoretical Neuroscience
... cases, rather than indicating in the two amines occurs by qualitatively different mechanisms. for this Support comes from recent work of interpretation Johnson et al (1992) who showed that serotonin-activated bursting persists in the pres? ence of TTX when the temperature is elevated. This if occur ...
... cases, rather than indicating in the two amines occurs by qualitatively different mechanisms. for this Support comes from recent work of interpretation Johnson et al (1992) who showed that serotonin-activated bursting persists in the pres? ence of TTX when the temperature is elevated. This if occur ...
PHS 398 (Rev. 9/04), Biographical Sketch Format Page
... the HG nerve could be used for detection of obstructions in the upper airways, and that the HG nerve can be stimulated using its own activity as a feedback signals in a closed-loop manner whenever the obstructions occur. This was my PhD dissertation. The second idea was to use multi-contact peripher ...
... the HG nerve could be used for detection of obstructions in the upper airways, and that the HG nerve can be stimulated using its own activity as a feedback signals in a closed-loop manner whenever the obstructions occur. This was my PhD dissertation. The second idea was to use multi-contact peripher ...
Two Types of Neurons in the Primate Globus
... from the eyes, and subtended visual angle of 64 × 44°. A 0.5° square spot served as a visual stimulus. Targets of different colors (white, red, green, and blue) were used for different means in each trial (see below). Experiments were carried out in a darkened booth. Voltages proportional to horizon ...
... from the eyes, and subtended visual angle of 64 × 44°. A 0.5° square spot served as a visual stimulus. Targets of different colors (white, red, green, and blue) were used for different means in each trial (see below). Experiments were carried out in a darkened booth. Voltages proportional to horizon ...
