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Visuomotor neurons: ambiguity of the discharge or `motor` perception?
Visuomotor neurons: ambiguity of the discharge or `motor` perception?

... First, the Woolsey’s idea that the frontal cortex contains only two somatotopic motor representations is wrong. Fig. 3 schematically show the somatotopic maps present in the frontal lobe. Second, the old concept stating that different functions are segregated in different areas is probably too simpl ...
Neuromuscular Emergencies - S Derghazarian 07 28 10
Neuromuscular Emergencies - S Derghazarian 07 28 10

... National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) criteria are based on expert consensus. Required features include: – Progressive weakness of more than one limb, ranging from minimal weakness of the legs to total paralysis of all four limbs, the trunk, bulbar and facial muscles, and e ...
潓慭潴敳獮牯⁹祓瑳浥
潓慭潴敳獮牯⁹祓瑳浥

... process that divides into two processes a short distance from the cell, in a T-shaped configuration. One of these two processes travels to the receptor organs of the periphery, giving off numerous collateral branches along the way, so that a single ganglion cell receives input from multiple receptor ...
“Epileptic Neurons” in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
“Epileptic Neurons” in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

... changes in excitatory and inhibitory synaptic function, the possibility that persistent changes in intrinsic neuronal properties may also contribute to hippocampal epileptogenesis in TLE has received only minor attention (40, 53). This holds true despite the fact that the intrinsic discharge behavio ...
empty-stack
empty-stack

... input u which forces an infinite loop if u is not “M” for any TM M, and otherwise it runs M (u= “M”) on input ε. If M hangs on input ε, the simulating UTM also hangs. ...
GMS 6074
GMS 6074

... fundamental neurobiological information that can be learned by studying these nervous systems, particularly information that is revealed by their phylogenetic separation from mammals. Molluscs ...
Receptor potential
Receptor potential

... How is INTENSITY of stimulus detected?  The stronger the stimulus, – the more neurotransmitter released by the receptor cell and – the more frequently the sensory neuron transmits action potentials to the brain. ...
Somatosensory System
Somatosensory System

What Do Mirror Neurons Mean?
What Do Mirror Neurons Mean?

... think that monkeys too exploit the mirror neuron system to otpimize their social interactions. At least, the evidence we have collected so far (which doesn't include emotions-related mirroring neural activity) seems to suggest that the mirror neuron system for actions is enough sophisticated to enab ...
HYPOTHALAMUS
HYPOTHALAMUS

Telencephalon
Telencephalon

... GABA-ergic interneurons  Large Cholinergic interneurons  Interneurons provide local surrounding inhibition  Large cholinergic interneurons are Tonically Active Neurons (TANS) function in learning and reward behavior ...
REAL TIME MONITORING ODOR SENSING SYSTEM
REAL TIME MONITORING ODOR SENSING SYSTEM

... processing paradigm that was inspired by the way biological nervous systems, such as the brain, process information. The key element of this paradigm is the novel structure of the information processing system. The basic unit of an artificial neural network is the neuron. Each neuron receives a numb ...
PAPER Glucosensing neurons do more than just sense glucose
PAPER Glucosensing neurons do more than just sense glucose

... brain areas such as the hypothalamus, glucosensing neurons also contain receptors for insulin, leptin, monoamines and other transmitters and peptides involved in energy homeostasis.8 – 12 Thus, many or all glucosensing neurons respond to both short- and long-term signals relating to both the physica ...
Dopamine – CNS Pathways and Neurophysiology
Dopamine – CNS Pathways and Neurophysiology

Number, size and distribution of ganglion neurons in urinary bladder
Number, size and distribution of ganglion neurons in urinary bladder

... cell bodies (arrowhead). Calibration bar 20 (Jm. B. Isolated (arrow) and "paired" neurons (arrowhead) from Guinea-pig. Calibration bar, 15 |jm. C. Large ganglion from isogenic mouse C57/BLJ with a large number of neurons. Calibration bar, 20 |Jm. D. Small ganglion of Calomys callosus with a small nu ...
03/05 PPT
03/05 PPT

... • Different cells respond to the same guidance cues in different ways • Chemical cues exist at many points along the axon guidance pathway e.g the optic tectum and optic tract ...
over Lesson 9–5
over Lesson 9–5

... Based on her pattern, how many miles will Shawna run on her sixth day? ...
Organization of the Autonomic Nervous System LEARNING
Organization of the Autonomic Nervous System LEARNING

... sympathetic chain. Preganglionic neuron can travel up and down the sympathetic chain to synapse in adjacent ganglia or synapse on the ganglion that it ...
EN Sokolov`s Neural Model of Stimuli as Neuro
EN Sokolov`s Neural Model of Stimuli as Neuro

... and react to certain physical impacts of stimuli as signals. Receptors are in turn associated with selective detectors – neurons selectively responding to certain stimuli – and this connection can be either direct or, as shown, mediated by the predetectors. Selective detectors operate by the followi ...
שקופית 1
שקופית 1

Mechanism of Irregular Firing of Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Neurons
Mechanism of Irregular Firing of Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Neurons

... The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus contains the primary circadian pacemaker in mammals (Gillette and Tischkau 1999). Neuronal electrical activity recorded in the SCN shows a circadian rhythm, even after the neurons are isolated (Honma et al. 1998; Liu and Reppert 2000; Welsh et al ...
Cortical and Brainstem Control of Motor Function
Cortical and Brainstem Control of Motor Function

Trigeminal pathways handout
Trigeminal pathways handout

... 3. Diagram the corneal reflex: the afferent and efferent limbs as well as nuclei involved in the brainstem. 4. If a person does not blink, how would you determine if the problem were in the sensory (afferent) limb, motor (efferent) limb, or brainstem interconnections for the corneal reflex? 5. Expla ...
1-7
1-7

... The number of DVDs Eva has after each month shows a pattern: Add 3. This pattern can be written as a sequence. ...
Psychobiology—Behavioral Problems Seeking Biological Solutions
Psychobiology—Behavioral Problems Seeking Biological Solutions

... components of the somatosensory system need to be investigated in behaving animals during both learning and the process of discrimination, "not an easy task." These conclusions reinforce the continuing advance of the field of sensory physiology from the purely neurophysiological to the truly psychob ...
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Central pattern generator

Central pattern generators (CPGs) are biological neural networks that produce rhythmic patterned outputs without sensory feedback. CPGs have been shown to produce rhythmic outputs resembling normal ""rhythmic motor pattern production"" even in isolation from motor and sensory feedback from limbs and other muscle targets. To be classified as a rhythmic generator, a CPG requires:1. ""two or more processes that interact such that each process sequentially increases and decreases, and 2. that, as a result of this interaction, the system repeatedly returns to its starting condition.
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