Kristen Carnohan - Methods for Transmembrane Protein Topology and Alpha Helix Prediction
... verified topologies. Next, a list of all possible topologies of the protein is automatically generated using a computer program3. At this point, all the possible topologies must include every definite transmembrane segment, but may either include or exclude each of the tentative segments. The next s ...
... verified topologies. Next, a list of all possible topologies of the protein is automatically generated using a computer program3. At this point, all the possible topologies must include every definite transmembrane segment, but may either include or exclude each of the tentative segments. The next s ...
Fatty Acid Catabolism
... 1. Which lipid form is transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane before β-oxidation? A) Acylcarnitine. B) Fatty acyl CoA. C) Acetoacetyl CoA. D) Lysophospholipid CoA. 2. There are four steps in the β-oxidation pathway. Some reaction types are listed below. Give the proper reaction types i ...
... 1. Which lipid form is transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane before β-oxidation? A) Acylcarnitine. B) Fatty acyl CoA. C) Acetoacetyl CoA. D) Lysophospholipid CoA. 2. There are four steps in the β-oxidation pathway. Some reaction types are listed below. Give the proper reaction types i ...
Common Structural Domains in the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca
... We evaluated the binding of Con A to both native TT vesicles and to solubilized TT proteins resolved on Laemmli gels. SR and TT proteins were resolved by SDS PAGE and then transferred to nitrocellulose sheets by electroblotting. After washing with 0.9% NaCI, 0.1% Tween 20 for 60 min at 37°C, the she ...
... We evaluated the binding of Con A to both native TT vesicles and to solubilized TT proteins resolved on Laemmli gels. SR and TT proteins were resolved by SDS PAGE and then transferred to nitrocellulose sheets by electroblotting. After washing with 0.9% NaCI, 0.1% Tween 20 for 60 min at 37°C, the she ...
Red blood cells: proteomics, physiology and metabolism
... 3.1 Physiology and proteomics The RBC membrane is critical to maintenance of the characteristic biconcave shape of the RBC; it ensures appropriate pH and cation concentration differentials between the RBC and the plasma (low potassium, high sodium and calcium), an adequate area to volume ratio, flui ...
... 3.1 Physiology and proteomics The RBC membrane is critical to maintenance of the characteristic biconcave shape of the RBC; it ensures appropriate pH and cation concentration differentials between the RBC and the plasma (low potassium, high sodium and calcium), an adequate area to volume ratio, flui ...
Glycolysis Citric Acid Cycle Krebs Cycle Oxidative Phosphorylation
... NADH (~ 3 ATP after ET) Acetyl-CoA enters the Krebs Cycle Anaerobic: occurs in cytoplasm Pyruvate + NADH → Lactate + NAD+ no ATP produced; makes NAD+ needed for glycolysis to continue Part of the Cori Cycle at right ...
... NADH (~ 3 ATP after ET) Acetyl-CoA enters the Krebs Cycle Anaerobic: occurs in cytoplasm Pyruvate + NADH → Lactate + NAD+ no ATP produced; makes NAD+ needed for glycolysis to continue Part of the Cori Cycle at right ...
The Ear, Moore 4th ed
... cavity on the inside. Tense part - has radial and circular fibers. There are ridges and bumps due to the malleus bone pressing on it. The Posterior mallear fold comes off the top, to bend again in the anterior mallear fold, where the malleus sticks out its lateral process and handle to the point of ...
... cavity on the inside. Tense part - has radial and circular fibers. There are ridges and bumps due to the malleus bone pressing on it. The Posterior mallear fold comes off the top, to bend again in the anterior mallear fold, where the malleus sticks out its lateral process and handle to the point of ...
chapter 9 cellular respiration: harvesting chemical energy
... Enzymes catalyze the systematic degradation of organic molecules that are rich in energy to simpler waste products that have less energy. Some of the released energy is used to do work; the rest is dissipated as heat. One type of catabolic process, fermentation, leads to the partial degradatio ...
... Enzymes catalyze the systematic degradation of organic molecules that are rich in energy to simpler waste products that have less energy. Some of the released energy is used to do work; the rest is dissipated as heat. One type of catabolic process, fermentation, leads to the partial degradatio ...
Environmental factors that induce oxidative stress
... In the electron-transport chains of mitochondrial (a) and chloroplast (b), AOX diverts electrons that can be used to reduce O2 into O2- and uses these electrons to reduce O2 to H2O. In addition, AOX reduces the overall level of O2, the substrate for ROI production, in the organelle. AOX is indicated ...
... In the electron-transport chains of mitochondrial (a) and chloroplast (b), AOX diverts electrons that can be used to reduce O2 into O2- and uses these electrons to reduce O2 to H2O. In addition, AOX reduces the overall level of O2, the substrate for ROI production, in the organelle. AOX is indicated ...
Cellular Respiration
... When Oxygen is present, 2 Pyruvates go to the matrix where they are converted into 2 Acetyl ...
... When Oxygen is present, 2 Pyruvates go to the matrix where they are converted into 2 Acetyl ...
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION AND PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION
... Oxidative phosphorylation involves the reduction of O2 to H2O with electrons donated by NADH and FADH2; it occurs equally well in light or darkness. Photophosphorylation involves the oxidation of H2O to O2, with NADP as ultimate electron acceptor; it is absolutely dependent on the energy of light. ...
... Oxidative phosphorylation involves the reduction of O2 to H2O with electrons donated by NADH and FADH2; it occurs equally well in light or darkness. Photophosphorylation involves the oxidation of H2O to O2, with NADP as ultimate electron acceptor; it is absolutely dependent on the energy of light. ...
Interaction between Cell Wall and Plasma Membrane via RGD Motif
... Our previous reports suggested that the plant cell wall plays crucial roles in the recognition of pathogens and in determination of plant-pathogen specificity (Kiba et al. 1995, 1996, 1997, Shiraishi et al. 1997, 1998). However, the mechanism of signal transmission from the cell wall to plasma membr ...
... Our previous reports suggested that the plant cell wall plays crucial roles in the recognition of pathogens and in determination of plant-pathogen specificity (Kiba et al. 1995, 1996, 1997, Shiraishi et al. 1997, 1998). However, the mechanism of signal transmission from the cell wall to plasma membr ...
The GPI Transamidase Complex of Saccharomyces
... (5⬘-acgttgagctgcatgcacggattagaagccgccgag-3⬘) and a reverse primer introducing a SalI site at the 3⬘ end (5⬘-acgttgagctgtcgacggatccggggttttttctcc-3⬘). The open reading frame plus the transcriptionterminating region of YHR188c was amplified by PCR with the use of a forward primer introducing a SalI si ...
... (5⬘-acgttgagctgcatgcacggattagaagccgccgag-3⬘) and a reverse primer introducing a SalI site at the 3⬘ end (5⬘-acgttgagctgtcgacggatccggggttttttctcc-3⬘). The open reading frame plus the transcriptionterminating region of YHR188c was amplified by PCR with the use of a forward primer introducing a SalI si ...
BI0 120 cell and tissues
... B. The proton gradient established during electron transport is a form of potential energy. C. The electron transport chain can be found in the mitochondria of aerobic bacteria and other cells. D. The movement of protons down a concentration gradient is an endergonic process. E. ATP synthesis associ ...
... B. The proton gradient established during electron transport is a form of potential energy. C. The electron transport chain can be found in the mitochondria of aerobic bacteria and other cells. D. The movement of protons down a concentration gradient is an endergonic process. E. ATP synthesis associ ...
Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and other Energy
... Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and other Energy-Releasing Pathways All organisms produce ATP by releasing energy stored in glucose and other sugars. 1- Plants make ATP during photosynthesis. 2- All other organisms, including plants, must produce ATP by breaking down molecules such as glucose. Aerobic resp ...
... Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and other Energy-Releasing Pathways All organisms produce ATP by releasing energy stored in glucose and other sugars. 1- Plants make ATP during photosynthesis. 2- All other organisms, including plants, must produce ATP by breaking down molecules such as glucose. Aerobic resp ...
Glycogen Metabolism, Electron Transport/Oxidative Phosphorylation
... • This creates an overwhelming number of H+ on ONE side of the membrane, leading to 1) a molecule imbalance (H versus no H) and 2) a charge imbalance (+ vs - ) • The body, due to homeostasis/osmosis/equilibrium, REALLY wants to correct that imbalance (there is stress) • This creates a gradient that ...
... • This creates an overwhelming number of H+ on ONE side of the membrane, leading to 1) a molecule imbalance (H versus no H) and 2) a charge imbalance (+ vs - ) • The body, due to homeostasis/osmosis/equilibrium, REALLY wants to correct that imbalance (there is stress) • This creates a gradient that ...
Cellular Respiration
... where ADP and inorganic phosphate combine to make ATP. •Chemiosmosis is an energy-coupling mechanism that uses energy stored in the form of an H+ gradient across a membrane to drive cellular work. •In the mitochondrion, chemiosmosis generates ATP. •Chemiosmosis in chloroplasts also generates ATP, bu ...
... where ADP and inorganic phosphate combine to make ATP. •Chemiosmosis is an energy-coupling mechanism that uses energy stored in the form of an H+ gradient across a membrane to drive cellular work. •In the mitochondrion, chemiosmosis generates ATP. •Chemiosmosis in chloroplasts also generates ATP, bu ...
Neuron Structure and Function
... i) Na+ channels move into an inactive state ii) delayed K+ channels open Inactivating Na+ channels - Na+ channels go to an inactivated state after 1-2 msec after first opening - inactivated = can NOT be reopened - Membrane potential now determined mostly by K+ (same as for resting potential) and m ...
... i) Na+ channels move into an inactive state ii) delayed K+ channels open Inactivating Na+ channels - Na+ channels go to an inactivated state after 1-2 msec after first opening - inactivated = can NOT be reopened - Membrane potential now determined mostly by K+ (same as for resting potential) and m ...
Biology Name_____________________________________
... information, graphic organizers not only help categorize facts but serve as a memory aid. You will make a graphic organizer that will serve as a study aid for this chapter. Your organizer must include symbols, pictures, diagrams, charts, etc. Do not simply put the words on a piece of paper. This ass ...
... information, graphic organizers not only help categorize facts but serve as a memory aid. You will make a graphic organizer that will serve as a study aid for this chapter. Your organizer must include symbols, pictures, diagrams, charts, etc. Do not simply put the words on a piece of paper. This ass ...
Tutorial Vm
... • Initial diffusion of K+ down concentration gradient from I to II • This causes + charge to accumulate in II because + and - charges are separated – Remember that Cl- can’t cross the membrane ! • Therefore II becomes positive relative to I ...
... • Initial diffusion of K+ down concentration gradient from I to II • This causes + charge to accumulate in II because + and - charges are separated – Remember that Cl- can’t cross the membrane ! • Therefore II becomes positive relative to I ...
Overview of Aerobic Respiration
... Pathways that break down molecules other than carbohydrates also keep organisms alive In humans and other mammals, the entrance of glucose and other organic compounds into an energy-releasing pathway depends on the kinds and proportions of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the diet ...
... Pathways that break down molecules other than carbohydrates also keep organisms alive In humans and other mammals, the entrance of glucose and other organic compounds into an energy-releasing pathway depends on the kinds and proportions of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the diet ...
Thylakoid
A thylakoid is a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. Chloroplast thylakoids frequently form stacks of disks referred to as grana (singular: granum). Grana are connected by intergranal or stroma thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.