ARF1 and SAR1 GTPases in Endomembrane Trafficking in Plants
... (ERGIC)/vesicular tubular clusters and ER exit sites [38]. In retrograde transport, it was demonstrated that p25 may function as an anchor for the p24 proteins [39]. In Arabidopsis, up to 11 different p24 family members proteins have been identified. The plant p24 proteins contain signals for bindin ...
... (ERGIC)/vesicular tubular clusters and ER exit sites [38]. In retrograde transport, it was demonstrated that p25 may function as an anchor for the p24 proteins [39]. In Arabidopsis, up to 11 different p24 family members proteins have been identified. The plant p24 proteins contain signals for bindin ...
Spring 97, Exam 1
... 4. (22 points) Secondary structure and the Ramachandran plot. (a; 4 pts) On the left extended polypeptide below, indicate which four atoms define the Y angle for amino acid i, which is bracketed by the dashed lines. On the right side indicate which four atoms define the F angle. On the left-hand dia ...
... 4. (22 points) Secondary structure and the Ramachandran plot. (a; 4 pts) On the left extended polypeptide below, indicate which four atoms define the Y angle for amino acid i, which is bracketed by the dashed lines. On the right side indicate which four atoms define the F angle. On the left-hand dia ...
Protein Tertiary and Quaternary Structure
... globular, but their "solvent" is NOT water it’s a membrane lipid core of membrane like a very nonpolar solvent structure of each chain of porin mainly a large barrel (big antiparallel sheet, 16 strands, folded into a cylinder) structure sort of like an "inside out" watersoluble protein hydrophob ...
... globular, but their "solvent" is NOT water it’s a membrane lipid core of membrane like a very nonpolar solvent structure of each chain of porin mainly a large barrel (big antiparallel sheet, 16 strands, folded into a cylinder) structure sort of like an "inside out" watersoluble protein hydrophob ...
L03_MitoOx
... As the Hs move down the chain, protons are pumped from the matrix into the cytoplasm ...
... As the Hs move down the chain, protons are pumped from the matrix into the cytoplasm ...
Plant and Soil
... across the cell plasma membrane that drives a number of secondary transport systems, including those responsible for the translocation of cations, anions, amino acids and sugars (Fig. 1) (Michelet and Boutry, 1995; Serrano, 1989; Sussman and Harper, 1989). Depending on the electric charge of the sol ...
... across the cell plasma membrane that drives a number of secondary transport systems, including those responsible for the translocation of cations, anions, amino acids and sugars (Fig. 1) (Michelet and Boutry, 1995; Serrano, 1989; Sussman and Harper, 1989). Depending on the electric charge of the sol ...
STRUCTURE OF ATP
... amount of energy in the chemical bonds.The breaking of Complex organic substances through oxidation releases energy.This process is called respiration. All living organism required energy to carry out various activities. This energy is obtained through respiration which is a catabolic process. It oc ...
... amount of energy in the chemical bonds.The breaking of Complex organic substances through oxidation releases energy.This process is called respiration. All living organism required energy to carry out various activities. This energy is obtained through respiration which is a catabolic process. It oc ...
Chapter 8: Cellular Energy
... saclike membranes that are arranged in stacks. Light-dependent reactions take place within the thylakoids. The thylakoids form stacks called grana. The second important compartment is called the stroma—the fluid-filled space that is outside the grana. This is the location of the light-independent re ...
... saclike membranes that are arranged in stacks. Light-dependent reactions take place within the thylakoids. The thylakoids form stacks called grana. The second important compartment is called the stroma—the fluid-filled space that is outside the grana. This is the location of the light-independent re ...
Cell Transport PPT 2 File
... • Diffusion takes place from high concentration to low concentration and does not require ATP. • Examples: glucose & amino acids. ...
... • Diffusion takes place from high concentration to low concentration and does not require ATP. • Examples: glucose & amino acids. ...
Zinc Transporter of Arabidopsis thaliana AtMTP1 is Localized
... (A) or 2 mM MgCl2 (B) and then subjected to sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Proteins in the fractions were electrophoresed, blotted, and immunodetected using antibodies against AtMTP1, plasma membrane H+-ATPase (AHA3), vacuolar membrane H+-ATPase subunit a (VHA-a) and BiP (ER marker). The a ...
... (A) or 2 mM MgCl2 (B) and then subjected to sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Proteins in the fractions were electrophoresed, blotted, and immunodetected using antibodies against AtMTP1, plasma membrane H+-ATPase (AHA3), vacuolar membrane H+-ATPase subunit a (VHA-a) and BiP (ER marker). The a ...
Chem 150 Unit 12 - Metabolism
... • Two molecules of ADP are phosphorylated to ATP. • Two molecules of NAD+ are reduced to NADH/H+. ...
... • Two molecules of ADP are phosphorylated to ATP. • Two molecules of NAD+ are reduced to NADH/H+. ...
An in silico analysis of the mitochondrial protein import apparatus of
... extensive cis and trans splicing of introns, [12], relatively slow rates of mutations [13,14], extensive editing of mRNA [15] and incorporation of foreign DNA [16]. Another notable feature is the presence of a branched respiratory chain [17]. Although fungi contain alternative NAD(P)H dehydrogenases ...
... extensive cis and trans splicing of introns, [12], relatively slow rates of mutations [13,14], extensive editing of mRNA [15] and incorporation of foreign DNA [16]. Another notable feature is the presence of a branched respiratory chain [17]. Although fungi contain alternative NAD(P)H dehydrogenases ...
7 energy for cells
... and urination rids the body of excess water. d. to acquire chemical energy in a form cells can use e. ATP molecules 2. a. glycolysis b. preparatory reaction c. citric acid cycle d. electron transport chain 3. a. 2, 2, 34 b. electron transport chain 4. a. cytoplasm b. no c. glucose d. pyruvate e. two ...
... and urination rids the body of excess water. d. to acquire chemical energy in a form cells can use e. ATP molecules 2. a. glycolysis b. preparatory reaction c. citric acid cycle d. electron transport chain 3. a. 2, 2, 34 b. electron transport chain 4. a. cytoplasm b. no c. glucose d. pyruvate e. two ...
Powering the Cell: Cellular Respiration
... concentration of the ions in the intermembrane space than in the matrix. This chemiosmotic gradient causes the ions to flow back across the membrane into the matrix, where their concentration is lower. ATP synthase acts as a channel protein, helping the hydrogen ions cross the membrane. It also acts ...
... concentration of the ions in the intermembrane space than in the matrix. This chemiosmotic gradient causes the ions to flow back across the membrane into the matrix, where their concentration is lower. ATP synthase acts as a channel protein, helping the hydrogen ions cross the membrane. It also acts ...
Cell Analogy – Plane
... chief decisions are made, based upon the information in that office. Chromatin – the chromatin is analogous to the information used to make the decisions in the mayor’s office. Nuclear membrane – the nuclear membrane is analogous to the walls of the city hall, because it keeps everything in the nucl ...
... chief decisions are made, based upon the information in that office. Chromatin – the chromatin is analogous to the information used to make the decisions in the mayor’s office. Nuclear membrane – the nuclear membrane is analogous to the walls of the city hall, because it keeps everything in the nucl ...
Cellular Respiration
... energetic fall of e- into several energy-releasing steps (not one big explosive rxn), fig 9.5 – Consists of mostly proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane ...
... energetic fall of e- into several energy-releasing steps (not one big explosive rxn), fig 9.5 – Consists of mostly proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane ...
You Light Up My Life
... Lactate Fermentation • Carried out by certain bacteria • No mitochondria, so where does this take place? • Electron transfer chain is in bacterial plasma membrane • Final electron acceptor is compound from environment (such as nitrate), not oxygen • ATP yield is low ...
... Lactate Fermentation • Carried out by certain bacteria • No mitochondria, so where does this take place? • Electron transfer chain is in bacterial plasma membrane • Final electron acceptor is compound from environment (such as nitrate), not oxygen • ATP yield is low ...
Chapter 7 – Cellular Respiration
... Electrons enter ETS from NADH & FADH2 As the electrons are passed from carrier to carrier, H+ are pumped from the matrix into the intermembrane space, creating a huge concentration gradient for the H+ to flow down The H + flow back into the matrix through ATP synthase, thus creating ATP from ADP & P ...
... Electrons enter ETS from NADH & FADH2 As the electrons are passed from carrier to carrier, H+ are pumped from the matrix into the intermembrane space, creating a huge concentration gradient for the H+ to flow down The H + flow back into the matrix through ATP synthase, thus creating ATP from ADP & P ...
Glucose Induces Lipolytic Cleavage of a Glycolipidic Plasma
... 1989), and suspended in twice the volume of synthetic lactate medium lacking yeast extract. 10-ml portions of spberoplasts (corresponding to an A6o0 of 5-7) were incubated in the presence of either 0.5 mCi [14C]palmitic acid, 0.1 mCi myo-[14C]inositol, or 1 mCi [14C]ethanolamine for 1 h at 30°C. For ...
... 1989), and suspended in twice the volume of synthetic lactate medium lacking yeast extract. 10-ml portions of spberoplasts (corresponding to an A6o0 of 5-7) were incubated in the presence of either 0.5 mCi [14C]palmitic acid, 0.1 mCi myo-[14C]inositol, or 1 mCi [14C]ethanolamine for 1 h at 30°C. For ...
Respiration 1 PDF
... energetic fall of e- into several energy-releasing steps (not one big explosive rxn), fig 9.5 – Consists of mostly proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane ...
... energetic fall of e- into several energy-releasing steps (not one big explosive rxn), fig 9.5 – Consists of mostly proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane ...
Signals are transmitted from one neuron to the next
... Electrical Synapse While electrical synapses are fewer in number than chemical synapses, they are found in all nervous systems where they play important and unique roles. The mode of neurotransmission in electrical synapses is quite different from that in chemical synapses. In an electrical synapse ...
... Electrical Synapse While electrical synapses are fewer in number than chemical synapses, they are found in all nervous systems where they play important and unique roles. The mode of neurotransmission in electrical synapses is quite different from that in chemical synapses. In an electrical synapse ...
File - Mr. Shanks` Class
... To calculate the energy released by lipid breakdown, there are two steps. Step One: beta-oxidation step that converts a long chain of carbons into a series of acetyl-CoA The oxidation of fatty acids into acetyl-CoA molecules requires the breaking of bonds, always one less bond that the number of ac ...
... To calculate the energy released by lipid breakdown, there are two steps. Step One: beta-oxidation step that converts a long chain of carbons into a series of acetyl-CoA The oxidation of fatty acids into acetyl-CoA molecules requires the breaking of bonds, always one less bond that the number of ac ...
PBIO*3110 – Crop Physiology Lecture #8 Leaf Photosynthesis II
... Feedback Inhibition of Photosynthesis – Chloroplast Starch Accumulation Following the reduction phase of the Calvin cycle, the phosphoglyceraldehyde or dihydroxyacetonephosphate (or, more generally, the triose phosphate (TP)) produced is either recycled for the regeneration of RuBP or leaves the ...
... Feedback Inhibition of Photosynthesis – Chloroplast Starch Accumulation Following the reduction phase of the Calvin cycle, the phosphoglyceraldehyde or dihydroxyacetonephosphate (or, more generally, the triose phosphate (TP)) produced is either recycled for the regeneration of RuBP or leaves the ...
Thylakoid
A thylakoid is a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. Chloroplast thylakoids frequently form stacks of disks referred to as grana (singular: granum). Grana are connected by intergranal or stroma thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.