Influence of temperature on the dynamics of ATP, ADP and non
... of the ATP/ADP ratio in vegetative and floral buds of peach trees. The results of the nucleotides test indicated that endodormancy ended before the end of December (authors’ unpublished data), whereas changes in ATP concentration and ATP/ADP ratio did not occur until after the end of January (Figure ...
... of the ATP/ADP ratio in vegetative and floral buds of peach trees. The results of the nucleotides test indicated that endodormancy ended before the end of December (authors’ unpublished data), whereas changes in ATP concentration and ATP/ADP ratio did not occur until after the end of January (Figure ...
FAT/CD36 is located on the outer mitochondrial membrane
... techniques [21]. Indeed, contamination of other cell fractions has been an issue when isolating skeletal muscle mitochondria. These recent data, in combination with the ill-defined functional role of FAT/CD36 on mitochondrial membranes, raises the possibility that FAT/CD36 does not reside on mitocho ...
... techniques [21]. Indeed, contamination of other cell fractions has been an issue when isolating skeletal muscle mitochondria. These recent data, in combination with the ill-defined functional role of FAT/CD36 on mitochondrial membranes, raises the possibility that FAT/CD36 does not reside on mitocho ...
The C-terminal domain of the Rhizobium leguminosarum
... showed hesperetin-inducible alkaline phosphatase activity at levels less than 10% of that observed with the NodC400–PhoA fusion (Fig. 2). This confirmed that the small hydrophilic loop extending over residues 348–359 is located in the cytoplasm. Protein extracts of strains 8401 (pIJ1953) and 8401 (p ...
... showed hesperetin-inducible alkaline phosphatase activity at levels less than 10% of that observed with the NodC400–PhoA fusion (Fig. 2). This confirmed that the small hydrophilic loop extending over residues 348–359 is located in the cytoplasm. Protein extracts of strains 8401 (pIJ1953) and 8401 (p ...
Fat Metabolism
... • Transport is rate-limiting • Regulation of carnitine acyl transferase – off by fat synth products – high NADH ...
... • Transport is rate-limiting • Regulation of carnitine acyl transferase – off by fat synth products – high NADH ...
A genomic view on syntrophic versus non-syntrophic
... required for syntrophic growth, domain based functional profiles of five butyrate and/or propionate-degrading syntrophs were compared with two butyrate and/or propionate-degrading non-syntrophs (Supplementary file 2). Domains only present in syntrophs are listed in Table 1. Genomes of sulfate reducers ...
... required for syntrophic growth, domain based functional profiles of five butyrate and/or propionate-degrading syntrophs were compared with two butyrate and/or propionate-degrading non-syntrophs (Supplementary file 2). Domains only present in syntrophs are listed in Table 1. Genomes of sulfate reducers ...
Lipid interaction of the C terminus and association of the
... he fusion of cellular membranes is critical for many biological processes. Homotypic fusion, i.e., the merging of identical membranes, is required for the remodeling of organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Both organelles contain membrane tubules that are connected ...
... he fusion of cellular membranes is critical for many biological processes. Homotypic fusion, i.e., the merging of identical membranes, is required for the remodeling of organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Both organelles contain membrane tubules that are connected ...
CONTRIBUTION OF DYSFERLIN-CONTAINING
... well described within human dysferlinopathy patients [22] and mouse models [31], the exact mechanism by which dysferlin-deficiency results in muscle disease is not clear. Recent studies have begun to address this question, and the findings suggest that the cellular deficit associated with dysferlin- ...
... well described within human dysferlinopathy patients [22] and mouse models [31], the exact mechanism by which dysferlin-deficiency results in muscle disease is not clear. Recent studies have begun to address this question, and the findings suggest that the cellular deficit associated with dysferlin- ...
20 Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle
... Krebs first formulated its reactions into a cycle. It is also called the “citric acid cycle” because citrate was one of the first compounds known to participate. The most common name for this pathway, the tricarboxylic acid or TCA cycle, denotes the involvement of the tricarboxylates citrate and iso ...
... Krebs first formulated its reactions into a cycle. It is also called the “citric acid cycle” because citrate was one of the first compounds known to participate. The most common name for this pathway, the tricarboxylic acid or TCA cycle, denotes the involvement of the tricarboxylates citrate and iso ...
Oxidation of Fatty Acids Is the Source of Increased
... of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity (15). Skin fibroblasts isolated from type 1 diabetic patients, with very fast rates in developing DN, have increased expression of genes involved in mitochondrial FA oxidation (16). The data suggest an energy fuel preference in diabetes favoring fat oxidation at the ...
... of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity (15). Skin fibroblasts isolated from type 1 diabetic patients, with very fast rates in developing DN, have increased expression of genes involved in mitochondrial FA oxidation (16). The data suggest an energy fuel preference in diabetes favoring fat oxidation at the ...
Hücrelerin Yapısı - mustafaaltinisik.org.uk
... Peripheral Proteins • Peripheral proteins are not strongly bound to the membrane • They can be dissociated with mild detergent treatment or with high salt concentrations ...
... Peripheral Proteins • Peripheral proteins are not strongly bound to the membrane • They can be dissociated with mild detergent treatment or with high salt concentrations ...
The role of the C8 proton of ATP in the catalysis of shikimate kinase
... of kinase and synthetase enzymes was elucidated in comparative enzyme activity assays using ATP and ATP deuterated at the C8 position. These comparisons demonstrated that a primary kinetic isotope effect (KIE) was involved in all cases. Historically, the kinases have been classified into 25 families ...
... of kinase and synthetase enzymes was elucidated in comparative enzyme activity assays using ATP and ATP deuterated at the C8 position. These comparisons demonstrated that a primary kinetic isotope effect (KIE) was involved in all cases. Historically, the kinases have been classified into 25 families ...
chapter 15: answers to selected problems
... is reasonable, because the citric acid cycle must convert citrate ion into oxaloacetate ion. Citrate ion contains six carbon atoms and oxaloacetate ion contains only four, so the citric acid cycle must remove two carbon atoms from the original citrate skeleton. 15.29 There are four oxidation steps i ...
... is reasonable, because the citric acid cycle must convert citrate ion into oxaloacetate ion. Citrate ion contains six carbon atoms and oxaloacetate ion contains only four, so the citric acid cycle must remove two carbon atoms from the original citrate skeleton. 15.29 There are four oxidation steps i ...
PDF - Geoff McFadden`s Lab
... Another important cytosolic source of carbon for non-green plastids is dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP). In plants, DHAP is imported by the triose phosphate transporter (TPT)25, and a P. falciparum TPT homologue seems to be targeted to the apicoplast (online TABLE S1) — so the apicoplast most likel ...
... Another important cytosolic source of carbon for non-green plastids is dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP). In plants, DHAP is imported by the triose phosphate transporter (TPT)25, and a P. falciparum TPT homologue seems to be targeted to the apicoplast (online TABLE S1) — so the apicoplast most likel ...
Chapter 9 Slides
... Peripheral Proteins • Peripheral proteins are not strongly bound to the membrane • They can be dissociated with mild detergent treatment or with high salt concentrations ...
... Peripheral Proteins • Peripheral proteins are not strongly bound to the membrane • They can be dissociated with mild detergent treatment or with high salt concentrations ...
Model of Skeletal Muscle Energy Metabolism
... reactions catalyzed by the enzymes acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, enoyl-CoA hydratase, beta-hydroxyacylCoA dehydrogenase, and acyl-CoA acetyletransferase (thiolase) ([5], Ch. 21; [6], Ch. 24). For simplicity, the reducing equivalents FAD and FADH2 are considered equivalent to NAD+ and NADH, as they consume ...
... reactions catalyzed by the enzymes acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, enoyl-CoA hydratase, beta-hydroxyacylCoA dehydrogenase, and acyl-CoA acetyletransferase (thiolase) ([5], Ch. 21; [6], Ch. 24). For simplicity, the reducing equivalents FAD and FADH2 are considered equivalent to NAD+ and NADH, as they consume ...
ATP regulation in bioproduction
... method for supplying ATP was developed using the glycolytic kinases present in cell extracts in the presence of added glucose [39]. Further, combinatorial use of glycolytic kinases and creatine kinase increases the ATP supply and improves protein production [39]. Recently, the hexametaphosphate was ...
... method for supplying ATP was developed using the glycolytic kinases present in cell extracts in the presence of added glucose [39]. Further, combinatorial use of glycolytic kinases and creatine kinase increases the ATP supply and improves protein production [39]. Recently, the hexametaphosphate was ...
Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6e (Campbell)
... A) have hydrophobic heads that face the center of the membrane and are shielded from water. B) have hydrophilic tails that face outward and are exposed to water. غالبا ما يكون "مكامن الخلل" في ذيولها الناجمة عن وجود رابطة مزدوجة بين الكربونات ...
... A) have hydrophobic heads that face the center of the membrane and are shielded from water. B) have hydrophilic tails that face outward and are exposed to water. غالبا ما يكون "مكامن الخلل" في ذيولها الناجمة عن وجود رابطة مزدوجة بين الكربونات ...
- Free Documents
... both cases it is the gain or loss oI phosphate groups that determines whether the protein is active or inactive. The largest class consists oI proteins that are activated or inactivated by . For these proteins, the switch is thrown in one Chapter phosphorylation discussed in direction by a protein k ...
... both cases it is the gain or loss oI phosphate groups that determines whether the protein is active or inactive. The largest class consists oI proteins that are activated or inactivated by . For these proteins, the switch is thrown in one Chapter phosphorylation discussed in direction by a protein k ...
ADP
... Pentose phosphate pathway is a process in which ribose-5-phosphate and NADPH+H+ are yielded accompanying the degradation of glucose, and then ribose-5 phosphate can turn to glyceraldehyde -3- phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate further. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ( NADPH , reduced fo ...
... Pentose phosphate pathway is a process in which ribose-5-phosphate and NADPH+H+ are yielded accompanying the degradation of glucose, and then ribose-5 phosphate can turn to glyceraldehyde -3- phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate further. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ( NADPH , reduced fo ...
Membrane immersion allows rhomboid proteases to achieve
... Site-2 proteases are metalloenzymes that release transcription factors from the membrane to regulate membrane biogenesis and stress responses in diverse organisms from bacterial pathogens to man (Rawson et al., 1997; Makinoshima and Glickman, 2005). Lastly, rhomboid proteases act as prime regulators ...
... Site-2 proteases are metalloenzymes that release transcription factors from the membrane to regulate membrane biogenesis and stress responses in diverse organisms from bacterial pathogens to man (Rawson et al., 1997; Makinoshima and Glickman, 2005). Lastly, rhomboid proteases act as prime regulators ...
Eucalyptus Arabidopsis grandis thaliana
... The ever-growing demand for wood and wood derived cellulose products coupled with the public concern about the clearance of natural flora or agricultural land to make way for the forest tree plantations has sparked a renewed interest in the genetic improvement of forest tree species. Conventional br ...
... The ever-growing demand for wood and wood derived cellulose products coupled with the public concern about the clearance of natural flora or agricultural land to make way for the forest tree plantations has sparked a renewed interest in the genetic improvement of forest tree species. Conventional br ...
Acute Knockdown of Uncoupling Protein-2 Increases Uncoupling via the Adenine
... Increased O2 metabolism resulting in chronic hypoxia is common in models of endstage renal disease. Mitochondrial uncoupling increases O2 consumption but the ensuing reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential may limit excessive oxidative stress. The present study addressed the hypothesis that mi ...
... Increased O2 metabolism resulting in chronic hypoxia is common in models of endstage renal disease. Mitochondrial uncoupling increases O2 consumption but the ensuing reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential may limit excessive oxidative stress. The present study addressed the hypothesis that mi ...
Thylakoid
A thylakoid is a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. Chloroplast thylakoids frequently form stacks of disks referred to as grana (singular: granum). Grana are connected by intergranal or stroma thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.