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Social media policy
Social media policy

... A large molecule composed of one or more chains of amino acids, the sequence of which is determined by DNA. The human body has over 100,000 different proteins performing many different functions. Read In next generation sequencing, a read refers to the DNA sequence from one fragment (a small section ...
Double Helix With a Twist
Double Helix With a Twist

... Genes, which are segments of DNA, are of interest to drug companies primarily because they are the recipes for making proteins. But it is the proteins that actually carry out bodily functions, and drugs are developed to bind to particular proteins. It was once thought that knowing the gene would be ...
Press Release - Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine
Press Release - Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine

... than current high-throughput technologies. The researchers of the BIMSB will use this thirdgeneration sequencing technology, which was launched on the market in April 2011 by Pacific Biosciences, Menlo Park, California, USA, to gain deeper insight into gene regulation. The new sequencer, PacBio RS, ...
locomotion in a consanguineous kindred the gene
locomotion in a consanguineous kindred the gene

... The biological basis for the development of the cerebro-cerebellar structures required for posture and gait in humans is poorly understood. We investigated a large consanguineous family from Turkey exhibiting an extremely rare phenotype associated with quadrupedal locomotion, mental retardation, and ...
Student Worksheet Hands-on Activity Viral DNA Integration
Student Worksheet Hands-on Activity Viral DNA Integration

... individual with AIDS has a severely impaired immune system. Although there is no cure for AIDS, HIV infection can be controlled with proper treatment and early medical care. HIV is a retrovirus. Like all viruses, retroviruses can only replicate within host cells. They use the host cell’s machine ...
Repeated DNA sequences - lecture 1
Repeated DNA sequences - lecture 1

... during meiosis. When unequal crossing over is combined with a bit of gene conversion (see next lecture) then it can account for variation in copy number, and homogeneity of sequence, between rRNA genes (and more generally in other types of repeat sequence). ...
How Genes and Genomes Evolve
How Genes and Genomes Evolve

... – Gene duplication allows for new functions to arise without having to start from scratch – Studies suggest the early in vertebrate evolution the entire genome was duplicated at ...
Plant transposons
Plant transposons

... (1) At the beginning of kernel development, the Ds transposon is inserted into the colored (C) gene, resulting in colorless tissue. (2) Ds transposition early in kernel development restores the C gene, giving rise to a large colored sector. (3) Transposition later in kernel development results in sm ...
Genomics in NBS: potential targets and benefits
Genomics in NBS: potential targets and benefits

... • Genomic medicine: an emerging practice of medicine that involves using genomic data to better predict, diagnose, and treat disease • New technologies have driven advances in genomic medicine in last 10 years and will in the future • Genomic sequencing now cheaper and faster - $1000 genome ...
speciation (formation of new species)
speciation (formation of new species)

... A significant amount of HGT still occurs in modern day prokaryotes. Resistance to antibiotics has occurred through the transfer of plasmids carrying antibiotic resistance genes from one bacterium to another. Horizontal transfer of genetic material (eukaryotes) Although less common, horizontal gene t ...
Question In the last 100 years… What is Feed Efficiency?
Question In the last 100 years… What is Feed Efficiency?

... (2007). Primary genome scan to identify putative quantitative trait loci for feedlot growth rate, feed intake, and feed efficiency  of beef cattle. J Anim Sci 85: 3170‐81. ...
Chapter 21: Genomics I: Analysis of DNA and Transposable Elements
Chapter 21: Genomics I: Analysis of DNA and Transposable Elements

... elements (TEs), also called transposons, have sometimes been referred to as “jumping genes” because they are inherently mobile. They were discovered by Barbara McClintock in the 1950s through her classic studies with corn. Since then, geneticists have discovered many different types of TEs in organi ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... – Indels can cause frame-shifts – Mutations may affect splice sites or regulatory sequence outside of genes or within introns ...
TRPGR: Sequencing the barley gene-space
TRPGR: Sequencing the barley gene-space

... gene-harboring BACs for integration into the barley physical map. In the long term, these gene-rich BAC contigs will be the foundation for eventually sequencing the barley genome, and novel genic GE sequences will be an invaluable resource to design Barley2, the next generation 61,000-probe set Gene ...
Determining mRNA with derived allele
Determining mRNA with derived allele

... known gene (among UCSC Genome Browser known genes); (2) is located over 2,000 bp from a known gene; (3) does not overlap evolutionarilly conserved regions (according to phastConsElements17way track on the UCSC Genome Browser); (4) is present as a pseudogene in chimpanzee, orangutan, and rhesus (acco ...
Recent advances in bioinformatics and computational biology
Recent advances in bioinformatics and computational biology

SNP Discovery by sequencing 1000 genomes
SNP Discovery by sequencing 1000 genomes

... The Goal of the International HapMap Project is to develop a “haplotype” map of the human genome, the HapMap, which will describe the common (not rare) patterns of human DNA sequence variation (variants in >1% of population). The HapMap has become a key resource for researchers to use to find genes ...
Sujet d`ordre général
Sujet d`ordre général

... Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564): human macroscopic anatomy becomes a “universe” open to exploration. It soon appears that this universe is finite. As a project, there has to be a point at which the project is essentially complete. The scientific exploration of human nature moves on to different “univer ...
Genomes and sequence alignment
Genomes and sequence alignment

... Not used so much anymore – single pass, high quality sequences from RTed mRNAs Can be used to catalog portions of genomes that are actively transcribed Great for organisms without high quality sequenced genomes or annotations Poor-man's RNA-seq (I can say this now; couldn't five years ago!) RNA-seq ...
Apple Molecular Biology: Animation 1
Apple Molecular Biology: Animation 1

... contributes the overall general knowledge as well as allowing researchers to make comparative studies between the genomes of crop species and other known model plant species. Conclusions drawn from such comparisons help scientists understand the relationships between gene composition and function at ...
positionalCloning15
positionalCloning15

... Now what? • Identify more markers and do more high-res mapping ...
news and views feature
news and views feature

... For example, M. loti has about 8,000 genes3, but Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker’s yeast) has only 6,200 (ref. 4),and the microsporidian Encephalitozoon cuniculi only about 2,000 (ref. 5)! Sequencing strategy The method of whole-genome shotgun sequencing has been used for all the microbial genomes. ...
On Mapping the Human Genome
On Mapping the Human Genome

... also have commercial implications. The products first developed by using recombinant DNA have been products of human genes (e.g., insulin, interferons, interleukins). Genes first cloned and marketed have been those with known function and anticipated clinical benefit. The explosive growth in knowle ...
Genomics
Genomics

... the genetic mapping and DNA sequencing of sets of genes or the complete genomes of selected organisms using high-speed methods, with organizing the results in databases, and with applications of the data (as in medicine or biology) ...
Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics

... 1. Integrating and Strengthening the European Research Area 1.1.1 Genomics and biotechnology for health The sequencing of the human genome and many other genomes heralds a new age in human biology, offering unprecedented opportunities to improve human health and to stimulate industrial and economic ...
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Human Genome Project



The Human Genome Project (HGP) is an international scientific research project with the goal of determining the sequence of chemical base pairs which make up human DNA, and of identifying and mapping all of the genes of the human genome from both a physical and functional standpoint. It remains the world's largest collaborative biological project. The project was proposed and funded by the US government; planning started in 1984, got underway in 1990, and was declared complete in 2003. A parallel project was conducted outside of government by the Celera Corporation, or Celera Genomics, which was formally launched in 1998. Most of the government-sponsored sequencing was performed in twenty universities and research centers in the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, France, Germany, and China.The Human Genome Project originally aimed to map the nucleotides contained in a human haploid reference genome (more than three billion). The ""genome"" of any given individual is unique; mapping ""the human genome"" involves sequencing multiple variations of each gene.
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