The Changing Pace of Labour Reallocation in
... and the production technology each sector employs. Thus, as income increases with economic growth, the demand for goods and services that are relatively income elastic will tend to rise relative to other goods ...
... and the production technology each sector employs. Thus, as income increases with economic growth, the demand for goods and services that are relatively income elastic will tend to rise relative to other goods ...
Unpaid Work and the Economy: Linkages and Their Implications
... not yet recognized as important work that should be covered under economic policies. In addition, unpaid work is repetitive (i.e., performed daily), boring, and frequently a drudgery.8 Unpaid workers do not enjoy any upward mobility or promotions, and therefore these are deadend jobs. There is no re ...
... not yet recognized as important work that should be covered under economic policies. In addition, unpaid work is repetitive (i.e., performed daily), boring, and frequently a drudgery.8 Unpaid workers do not enjoy any upward mobility or promotions, and therefore these are deadend jobs. There is no re ...
Working Paper No. 579, 2002 Vertical FDI Revisited
... than relative factor endowments, and (2) the scope for vertical decomposition of production across borders is much larger than shown by previous studies, as it encompasses both local sales of affiliates as well as exports to third countries and imports of affiliates from the home country. These results ...
... than relative factor endowments, and (2) the scope for vertical decomposition of production across borders is much larger than shown by previous studies, as it encompasses both local sales of affiliates as well as exports to third countries and imports of affiliates from the home country. These results ...
The Political Economy of European Employment
... policies; and on the interconnection of the sub-national, national and supranational levels of decision-making in the European Union. As the editor, Henk Overbeek, argues, networks of transnational governance have come into existence which mediate the impact of global capital, commodity and labour m ...
... policies; and on the interconnection of the sub-national, national and supranational levels of decision-making in the European Union. As the editor, Henk Overbeek, argues, networks of transnational governance have come into existence which mediate the impact of global capital, commodity and labour m ...
Wage-led or Profit-led Supply: Wages, Productivity and
... democratic Prime Minister Wim Kok was “jobs, jobs, jobs”—a motto Mr. Kok also gave to the report of the Employment Taskforce, which he chaired in 2003 on behalf of the European heads of state. What the durable Mr. Kok, who is not a man of many words, actually meant is that full employment, mostly ba ...
... democratic Prime Minister Wim Kok was “jobs, jobs, jobs”—a motto Mr. Kok also gave to the report of the Employment Taskforce, which he chaired in 2003 on behalf of the European heads of state. What the durable Mr. Kok, who is not a man of many words, actually meant is that full employment, mostly ba ...
Chapter 4
... The "efficiency of labor" is sometimes thought of as simply "technology" but includes business organization too. In general, E is telling us how much output each worker is able to produce with capital. If someone invents a faster or more reliable computer (a piece of capital), a worker will probably ...
... The "efficiency of labor" is sometimes thought of as simply "technology" but includes business organization too. In general, E is telling us how much output each worker is able to produce with capital. If someone invents a faster or more reliable computer (a piece of capital), a worker will probably ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... Bureau of Economic Research Volume Title: The Service Economy
... changes are expressed as annual rates (continuously compounded) between the initial and terminal years. Productivity is always shown as a residual—the difference between the rate of change of real output and the rate of change of whatever input or combination of inputs we are concerned with at the m ...
... changes are expressed as annual rates (continuously compounded) between the initial and terminal years. Productivity is always shown as a residual—the difference between the rate of change of real output and the rate of change of whatever input or combination of inputs we are concerned with at the m ...
By How Much Does GDP Rise If the Government Buys More Output?
... action, may have uses for output that exceed the private value of the output. For example, law enforcement is underprovided by private action and may be underprovided by current government action. If the increase in government purchases includes more spending on law enforcement, its value may exceed ...
... action, may have uses for output that exceed the private value of the output. For example, law enforcement is underprovided by private action and may be underprovided by current government action. If the increase in government purchases includes more spending on law enforcement, its value may exceed ...
Journal of the History of Economic Thought THE LEVEL AND
... to describe a one-shot (static) functioning of the economy.1 While the Tableau was a theoretical and illustrative piece, Chapter VII of Philosophie rurale was an attempt to show how Quesnay’s theoretical concepts fit into reality. In Philosophie rurale, Quesnay also contrasted the economies of Franc ...
... to describe a one-shot (static) functioning of the economy.1 While the Tableau was a theoretical and illustrative piece, Chapter VII of Philosophie rurale was an attempt to show how Quesnay’s theoretical concepts fit into reality. In Philosophie rurale, Quesnay also contrasted the economies of Franc ...
Download paper (PDF)
... interaction between its initial industrial composition and national changes in industry employment within narrowly de…ned manufacturing industries. This Bartik shock measure should capture the di¤erential e¤ects of a national shock in the manufacturing sector on counties with pre-existing di¤erence ...
... interaction between its initial industrial composition and national changes in industry employment within narrowly de…ned manufacturing industries. This Bartik shock measure should capture the di¤erential e¤ects of a national shock in the manufacturing sector on counties with pre-existing di¤erence ...
Inflation, Its Causes and Cures
... made of productive resources, then the industries where costs have fallen more than elsewhere must reduce their prices. (If they produce a better quality product at the same price, this is equivalent to a fall in price but may not find sufficient expression in the indices.) If they fail to reduce t ...
... made of productive resources, then the industries where costs have fallen more than elsewhere must reduce their prices. (If they produce a better quality product at the same price, this is equivalent to a fall in price but may not find sufficient expression in the indices.) If they fail to reduce t ...
Assessment of Possible Migration Pressure and
... • countries like Ireland and Spain are concerned that they will lose regional aid from the EU; • France is worried about loosing subsidies for the agricultural sector; • and finally there are fears of potentially large-scale immigration of job seekers from entering countries into the current EU-memb ...
... • countries like Ireland and Spain are concerned that they will lose regional aid from the EU; • France is worried about loosing subsidies for the agricultural sector; • and finally there are fears of potentially large-scale immigration of job seekers from entering countries into the current EU-memb ...
Real Business Cycles
... Consider the case where zt follows a first order autoregressive (AR(1)) process. In this case, as illustrated by McCallum, consumption and the capital stock will follow AR(2) processes. This is significant because the detrended quarterly time series of various macroeconomic variables are well descri ...
... Consider the case where zt follows a first order autoregressive (AR(1)) process. In this case, as illustrated by McCallum, consumption and the capital stock will follow AR(2) processes. This is significant because the detrended quarterly time series of various macroeconomic variables are well descri ...
THE IMPACT ON WAGES OF
... drew from his research was that "from a recreational perspective, adding wilderness areas to the National Wilderness Preservtion System is unjustified." The most serious problem with Christy's work i.s that of the 50 regressions done in the study, 20 had statistically insignificant results. ...
... drew from his research was that "from a recreational perspective, adding wilderness areas to the National Wilderness Preservtion System is unjustified." The most serious problem with Christy's work i.s that of the 50 regressions done in the study, 20 had statistically insignificant results. ...
Workers` Remittances: An Important
... stable components of capital flows—FDI and official flows—declined in 2000–01, while remittances have continued to rise. ...
... stable components of capital flows—FDI and official flows—declined in 2000–01, while remittances have continued to rise. ...
Unemployment-Inflation Relationship
... is perhaps a more appropriate alternative. Also generated by BLS, the ECI measures the change over time in the cost of labor. The cost of labor includes wages and salaries and employer costs for employee benefits. Interestingly, the Phillips curve is actually supposed to reflect the relationship bet ...
... is perhaps a more appropriate alternative. Also generated by BLS, the ECI measures the change over time in the cost of labor. The cost of labor includes wages and salaries and employer costs for employee benefits. Interestingly, the Phillips curve is actually supposed to reflect the relationship bet ...
Vertical Multinationals, Industry Characteristics, and Endogenous Technology Spillover
... and encouragements, and Yongmin Chen and Ruqu Wang for their helpful comments. All remaining errors are, of course, my own responsibility. ...
... and encouragements, and Yongmin Chen and Ruqu Wang for their helpful comments. All remaining errors are, of course, my own responsibility. ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES WHY DOES MONEY AFFECT OUTPUT? A SURVEY
... But, ever since Fisher and Keynes, we have known that more price flexibility may in fact be destabilizing, through its effect on real interest rates and through the redistribution of claims in the economy. This is discussed in the second part of the section. The third is that the economy, left to it ...
... But, ever since Fisher and Keynes, we have known that more price flexibility may in fact be destabilizing, through its effect on real interest rates and through the redistribution of claims in the economy. This is discussed in the second part of the section. The third is that the economy, left to it ...
Employment, productivity and output growth
... reason, Part 3 considers three different time frames: the short, medium and long term. In addition, Part 3 deliberates the cyclical behaviour of employment and productivity. As is well known, both of these macroeconomic variables are strongly and robustly procyclical. Closely connected to this obser ...
... reason, Part 3 considers three different time frames: the short, medium and long term. In addition, Part 3 deliberates the cyclical behaviour of employment and productivity. As is well known, both of these macroeconomic variables are strongly and robustly procyclical. Closely connected to this obser ...
The Horizontally s‐shaped laffer curve
... In the second definition, it is important to clarify the notion of non-financial assets. These include non-produced assets (e.g., land, subsoil, water resources) and produced assets: (i) tangibles, such as dwellings, other non-residential buildings and structures, machinery and equipment, and weapon ...
... In the second definition, it is important to clarify the notion of non-financial assets. These include non-produced assets (e.g., land, subsoil, water resources) and produced assets: (i) tangibles, such as dwellings, other non-residential buildings and structures, machinery and equipment, and weapon ...
Fiscal Shocks and Real Wages Agustín S. Bénétrix IIIS Trinity College Dublin
... share of the variance attributable to a shock in government spending and real wages.5 Since the interest in on the effect of government spending shocks in wages, I focus on this equation. The forecast error variance attributable to a shock to government absorption is the largest across all types of ...
... share of the variance attributable to a shock in government spending and real wages.5 Since the interest in on the effect of government spending shocks in wages, I focus on this equation. The forecast error variance attributable to a shock to government absorption is the largest across all types of ...
Travelling Along the Third Way. A Swedish Model of Stabilisation
... policy should strengthen the bargaining position of labour is critical e.g. in the case of Sweden where economic compensation at retraining schemes is equal to unemployment compensation for trade union members. By their strong emphasis on market forces in wage formation (see wage drift) Rehn and Mei ...
... policy should strengthen the bargaining position of labour is critical e.g. in the case of Sweden where economic compensation at retraining schemes is equal to unemployment compensation for trade union members. By their strong emphasis on market forces in wage formation (see wage drift) Rehn and Mei ...
Should the marginal tax rate be negative? Ragnar Frisch on the
... (10) then says that at the social optimum the total marginal productivity of labour should be equal to the marginal rate of substitution between leisure and consumption. Frisch does not actually use the concept of the marginal rate of substitution, since he does not divide equation (9) by Ω’(c); ...
... (10) then says that at the social optimum the total marginal productivity of labour should be equal to the marginal rate of substitution between leisure and consumption. Frisch does not actually use the concept of the marginal rate of substitution, since he does not divide equation (9) by Ω’(c); ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES INCOME DISPERSION AND COUNTER-CYCLICAL MARKUPS Chris Edmond Laura Veldkamp
... to the level of consumption dispersion documented in Krueger and Perri (2005). Omitting capital hurts the performance of the model by making aggregates too correlated with GDP. A number of other mechanisms can generate counter-cyclical markups. One possibility is that sticky prices and pro-cyclical ...
... to the level of consumption dispersion documented in Krueger and Perri (2005). Omitting capital hurts the performance of the model by making aggregates too correlated with GDP. A number of other mechanisms can generate counter-cyclical markups. One possibility is that sticky prices and pro-cyclical ...
DOC - unece
... consequences of international migration from an economic perspective. International labour migration is, to a large extent, motivated by differences in wages and other sources of income across countries. Individuals or private households, which bear the non-negligible cost of moving, expect that the ...
... consequences of international migration from an economic perspective. International labour migration is, to a large extent, motivated by differences in wages and other sources of income across countries. Individuals or private households, which bear the non-negligible cost of moving, expect that the ...