Value Preserving Welfare Weights for Social Optimization Problems
... Our second contribution lies in the characterization of the VP weights and allocations. We show that VP weights coincide with Negishi weights, and the corresponding VP allocations coincide with Walrasian allocations, for economies in which the welfare theorems hold. Intuitively, the reason is that, ...
... Our second contribution lies in the characterization of the VP weights and allocations. We show that VP weights coincide with Negishi weights, and the corresponding VP allocations coincide with Walrasian allocations, for economies in which the welfare theorems hold. Intuitively, the reason is that, ...
New Labour, the `Third Way` and the Sector Skills Agreement
... been repeated across the years. Jean-Paul Sartre argued along these lines in the 1960s, but the thesis has been advanced as often by those coming from the right. In 1930, the historian Alain (Emile Chartier) observed: “when I am asked whether the division between left and right still has any meaning ...
... been repeated across the years. Jean-Paul Sartre argued along these lines in the 1960s, but the thesis has been advanced as often by those coming from the right. In 1930, the historian Alain (Emile Chartier) observed: “when I am asked whether the division between left and right still has any meaning ...
DISTRIBUTIVE IMPACT OF PRIVATIZATION IN LATIN AMERICA
... would require predictions of how the industries would have performed had they not been privatized, while all the other changes occurred. Consequently it is only feasible to calculate the effect of observed changes before and after the privatization, while comparing the effects in the privatized sect ...
... would require predictions of how the industries would have performed had they not been privatized, while all the other changes occurred. Consequently it is only feasible to calculate the effect of observed changes before and after the privatization, while comparing the effects in the privatized sect ...
Downward Nominal Wage Rigidity, Currency Pegs, and Involuntary
... displays the average current-account-to-GDP ratio, an index of nominal hourly wages in euros, and the rate of unemployment for a group of peripheral European countries that were either on or pegging to the euro over the period 2000–2011. In the early 2000s, these countries enjoyed large capital inflo ...
... displays the average current-account-to-GDP ratio, an index of nominal hourly wages in euros, and the rate of unemployment for a group of peripheral European countries that were either on or pegging to the euro over the period 2000–2011. In the early 2000s, these countries enjoyed large capital inflo ...
Skill biased heterogeneous firms, trade liberalization, and the skill
... Because ' is a Hicks-neutral productivity shifter, factor intensity in variable cost does not depend on productivity, h s w ...
... Because ' is a Hicks-neutral productivity shifter, factor intensity in variable cost does not depend on productivity, h s w ...
Growing together or growing apart
... competitive crops. Another interesting finding of their household level analysis is an increase in agricultural production, despite a decrease in the agricultural price index. Farmers respond to the changes in relative prices induced by the WTO by shifting to more competitive activities (livestock, ...
... competitive crops. Another interesting finding of their household level analysis is an increase in agricultural production, despite a decrease in the agricultural price index. Farmers respond to the changes in relative prices induced by the WTO by shifting to more competitive activities (livestock, ...
Sources Latin America
... the case, because in the employment statistics, economically active persons are defined as those engaged in productive activities as defined in the SNA. This ensures the same coverage of activities for both GDP and employment. However, a notable exception is for the own-account production of housing ...
... the case, because in the employment statistics, economically active persons are defined as those engaged in productive activities as defined in the SNA. This ensures the same coverage of activities for both GDP and employment. However, a notable exception is for the own-account production of housing ...
vsi09 ss Dubovyk new 10147616 en
... I analyze two retirement systems alternative to the Pay-As-You-Go (PAYG) social security system. Welfare ranking of these alternatives depends on the endogeneity of human capital accumulation. To evaluate the role of human capital investment, I set up two baseline environments that di¤er by evolutio ...
... I analyze two retirement systems alternative to the Pay-As-You-Go (PAYG) social security system. Welfare ranking of these alternatives depends on the endogeneity of human capital accumulation. To evaluate the role of human capital investment, I set up two baseline environments that di¤er by evolutio ...
Macroeconomic Policy Advice and the Article IV Consultations:
... The paper’s findings are also consistent with other evidence of policy mistakes, including that provided by IMF research. On the macro-economic side, the IMF’s most recent WEO finds that the IMF (as well as other forecasters) seriously under-estimated government spending multipliers in growth foreca ...
... The paper’s findings are also consistent with other evidence of policy mistakes, including that provided by IMF research. On the macro-economic side, the IMF’s most recent WEO finds that the IMF (as well as other forecasters) seriously under-estimated government spending multipliers in growth foreca ...
Regional employment growth and the business cycle
... appropriate. Examples of more localized policy would include differential taxation and spending programs that are coordinated within a region or a more geographically targeted approach to federal government spending. If, however, most regional employment growth is common across regions, a more centr ...
... appropriate. Examples of more localized policy would include differential taxation and spending programs that are coordinated within a region or a more geographically targeted approach to federal government spending. If, however, most regional employment growth is common across regions, a more centr ...
Monetary Policy in the Midst of Big Shocks
... about de‡ation. These comparisons indicate that the Depression is not simply the consequence of de‡ation. If it was, then we would likely have seen a much larger economic decline in the early 1920s, and a milder start to the Great Depression in the early 1930s. My resarch identi…es two factors that ...
... about de‡ation. These comparisons indicate that the Depression is not simply the consequence of de‡ation. If it was, then we would likely have seen a much larger economic decline in the early 1920s, and a milder start to the Great Depression in the early 1930s. My resarch identi…es two factors that ...
Unemployment in Namibia - The Namibian Manufacturers Association
... challenges and crisis such as HIV/AIDS, floods, various endemic diseases, income inequality, famine and widespread poverty. Underlying all these is the phenomenon of unemployment and underemployment which has become central features of the Namibian economy. Employment creation provides a direct chan ...
... challenges and crisis such as HIV/AIDS, floods, various endemic diseases, income inequality, famine and widespread poverty. Underlying all these is the phenomenon of unemployment and underemployment which has become central features of the Namibian economy. Employment creation provides a direct chan ...
REAL AND TERMS INDEXATION RULES FOR AN OPEN ECONOMY
... (proportionally to u) and indirectly (through the resulting unanticipated rise in the domestic price.). With full indexation, the change in output is even larger, since Indexation prevents the rise in the domestic price from dampening the direct effect of the disturbance on output. Thus indexation i ...
... (proportionally to u) and indirectly (through the resulting unanticipated rise in the domestic price.). With full indexation, the change in output is even larger, since Indexation prevents the rise in the domestic price from dampening the direct effect of the disturbance on output. Thus indexation i ...
Creative Destruction and Firm Organization Choice
... Figure.- Share percent of SkilledofJobs in France represent the most skill intensive jobs. Thesmar, Thoenig (2000) ...
... Figure.- Share percent of SkilledofJobs in France represent the most skill intensive jobs. Thesmar, Thoenig (2000) ...
RVI113_en.pdf
... the governance of the State and the economy. Rather, it acts as a powerful yet ill-defined barrier against them and their conversion into alternative paradigms. It also serves to support cosmetic revisions or renewals of the predominant schools of thought, which are reproduced not in a linear fashio ...
... the governance of the State and the economy. Rather, it acts as a powerful yet ill-defined barrier against them and their conversion into alternative paradigms. It also serves to support cosmetic revisions or renewals of the predominant schools of thought, which are reproduced not in a linear fashio ...
Income Dispersion and Counter-Cyclical Markups
... the performance of the model by making aggregates too correlated with GDP. A number of other mechanisms can generate counter-cyclical markups. One possibility is that there are simply sticky prices and pro-cyclical marginal costs. Therefore, the difference between price and cost, the markup, is cou ...
... the performance of the model by making aggregates too correlated with GDP. A number of other mechanisms can generate counter-cyclical markups. One possibility is that there are simply sticky prices and pro-cyclical marginal costs. Therefore, the difference between price and cost, the markup, is cou ...
The Effect of Educational, Health, Infrastructure Expenses on the
... Resources. Poverty is one of the low qualities of human resources, hence reducing the number of poor people is a must for the goals of today’s development. Underdevelopment and poverty exist partly because people do not have modern knowledge, skills and attitude. Poor education and health can cause ...
... Resources. Poverty is one of the low qualities of human resources, hence reducing the number of poor people is a must for the goals of today’s development. Underdevelopment and poverty exist partly because people do not have modern knowledge, skills and attitude. Poor education and health can cause ...
Analyzing the Debate over Offshore Outsourcing in the Service Industry: Gwyn VanderWeerdt
... decades. In Iowa, 45,000 jobs were lost between 2000 and 2003. All states have not experienced job losses, but the disappearing jobs have many people concerned. Many blame the increase in offshore outsourcing. Some estimate that 3.3 million jobs will be lost to outsourcing in the next decade. Offsho ...
... decades. In Iowa, 45,000 jobs were lost between 2000 and 2003. All states have not experienced job losses, but the disappearing jobs have many people concerned. Many blame the increase in offshore outsourcing. Some estimate that 3.3 million jobs will be lost to outsourcing in the next decade. Offsho ...
Intersectoral Distortions, Structural Change and the Welfare Gains from Trade
... across sectors. If after opening to trade labor moves towards sectors in which employment was already inefficiently high in autarky due to domestic distortions, then the true gains from trade are reduced relative to the frictionless calculation.1 In a full model with nonhomothetic preferences the fo ...
... across sectors. If after opening to trade labor moves towards sectors in which employment was already inefficiently high in autarky due to domestic distortions, then the true gains from trade are reduced relative to the frictionless calculation.1 In a full model with nonhomothetic preferences the fo ...
Keynes`s Approach to Full Employment
... intentions, Keynes would argue today that they are neither clever, nor driven by the steadfast intellectual conviction that full employment is a real possibility. So it is constructive to revisit Keynes’s view of employment policy once again to see what role aggregate demand policies played in his ...
... intentions, Keynes would argue today that they are neither clever, nor driven by the steadfast intellectual conviction that full employment is a real possibility. So it is constructive to revisit Keynes’s view of employment policy once again to see what role aggregate demand policies played in his ...
The ”Swedish Model” has fascinated social scientists and politicians
... restraint over the business cycle is to create a public saving surplus (arrow 2). Public saving is an intermediate goal in the model. It is preferable to private saving in terms of income and wealth distribution (see arrow 3) but also to achieve certain employment and growth objectives in industrial ...
... restraint over the business cycle is to create a public saving surplus (arrow 2). Public saving is an intermediate goal in the model. It is preferable to private saving in terms of income and wealth distribution (see arrow 3) but also to achieve certain employment and growth objectives in industrial ...
a study of the long-term movement of the profit rate in
... divisions of labor, leading to rising profit rates and rapid expansion of material production and trade. However, as material expansion proceeds, eventually capital tends to be over-accumulated and profit rates tend to fall. In response to the crisis of material expansion, the leading capitalist age ...
... divisions of labor, leading to rising profit rates and rapid expansion of material production and trade. However, as material expansion proceeds, eventually capital tends to be over-accumulated and profit rates tend to fall. In response to the crisis of material expansion, the leading capitalist age ...
- National Bureau of Economic Research
... to the labor force employed by the public sector.? In 1992, SAR (Sistema de Ahorro para el Retiro), a fully funded system complementary to the existing PAYGO programs, was created on the basis of individual retirement accounts for every worker affiliated with IMSS or ISSSTE. IMSS provides insurance ...
... to the labor force employed by the public sector.? In 1992, SAR (Sistema de Ahorro para el Retiro), a fully funded system complementary to the existing PAYGO programs, was created on the basis of individual retirement accounts for every worker affiliated with IMSS or ISSSTE. IMSS provides insurance ...
Enabling work
... increase would have on the economy, society in general, and disabled people. Landman Economics used the Family Resources Survey 2011/12 (FRS) to model the economic impact of increasing disabled people’s employment rate. The FRS captures more detail on income sources than any other UK household surve ...
... increase would have on the economy, society in general, and disabled people. Landman Economics used the Family Resources Survey 2011/12 (FRS) to model the economic impact of increasing disabled people’s employment rate. The FRS captures more detail on income sources than any other UK household surve ...