Optimal Automatic Stabilizers
... aggregate slack is more responsive to the replacement rate for two reasons. First, there are more unemployed workers with high marginal propensities to consume receiving the transfers. Second, the effect of social insurance on precautionary savings motives is larger when there is a greater risk of u ...
... aggregate slack is more responsive to the replacement rate for two reasons. First, there are more unemployed workers with high marginal propensities to consume receiving the transfers. Second, the effect of social insurance on precautionary savings motives is larger when there is a greater risk of u ...
Optimal Automatic Stabilizers
... aggregate slack is more responsive to the replacement rate for two reasons. First, there are more unemployed workers with high marginal propensities to consume receiving the transfers. Second, the effect of social insurance on precautionary savings motives is larger when there is a greater risk of u ...
... aggregate slack is more responsive to the replacement rate for two reasons. First, there are more unemployed workers with high marginal propensities to consume receiving the transfers. Second, the effect of social insurance on precautionary savings motives is larger when there is a greater risk of u ...
(2011): DELFI: DNB`s Macroeconomic Policy Model of the Netherlands
... product wages in the long run. The short-run dynamics show that the demand for labour becomes stronger when the price markup, output or labour supply increases. Demand for capital goods increases with higher output and decreases with the real user cost of capital. DELFI allows the user to choose bet ...
... product wages in the long run. The short-run dynamics show that the demand for labour becomes stronger when the price markup, output or labour supply increases. Demand for capital goods increases with higher output and decreases with the real user cost of capital. DELFI allows the user to choose bet ...
LC and a LW
... • Each hour devoted to cheese production could have been used to produce a certain amount of wine instead, equal to 1 hour/(aLW hours/liter of wine) = (1/aLW) liter of wine • For example, if 1 hour is moved to cheese production, that additional hour of labor could have produced 1 hour/(2 hours/liter ...
... • Each hour devoted to cheese production could have been used to produce a certain amount of wine instead, equal to 1 hour/(aLW hours/liter of wine) = (1/aLW) liter of wine • For example, if 1 hour is moved to cheese production, that additional hour of labor could have produced 1 hour/(2 hours/liter ...
THE LABOR MARKET OF ISRAELI ARABS
... where wages are relatively low. The fortunes of workers with highereducation are also less favorable. Some work in occupations that do not fit the subjects they had studied, while others deliberately avoid studying fields where their chances of employment are low. Most workers with higher education ...
... where wages are relatively low. The fortunes of workers with highereducation are also less favorable. Some work in occupations that do not fit the subjects they had studied, while others deliberately avoid studying fields where their chances of employment are low. Most workers with higher education ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... Bureau of Economic Research
... income in the private domestic economy by the corresponding real net product at factor cost. The latter variable is computed by extrapolating base-period income by the index of real net product at market price, since the deflated net product at factor cost should show virtually the same movement as ...
... income in the private domestic economy by the corresponding real net product at factor cost. The latter variable is computed by extrapolating base-period income by the index of real net product at market price, since the deflated net product at factor cost should show virtually the same movement as ...
The rise of the maquiladoras
... empirical studies evaluating the impact of the rise of the maquila sector are scarce. The few existing studies offer mixed results at best. Whereas Graham and Wada (2000) stress positive effects on wages, they also note that inequality between high-skilled and low-skilled workers may have increased ...
... empirical studies evaluating the impact of the rise of the maquila sector are scarce. The few existing studies offer mixed results at best. Whereas Graham and Wada (2000) stress positive effects on wages, they also note that inequality between high-skilled and low-skilled workers may have increased ...
“When Did the Swiss Get so Rich?” Comparing Living
... before World War I, while the majority of its citizens did not share the benefits of this economic success and were still comparably worse off than their neighbours when looking at real wages.14 Real wages, on the other hand, do not encompass the whole economy, but they are a direct measure of the m ...
... before World War I, while the majority of its citizens did not share the benefits of this economic success and were still comparably worse off than their neighbours when looking at real wages.14 Real wages, on the other hand, do not encompass the whole economy, but they are a direct measure of the m ...
GDP-Employment Decoupling and the Productivity Puzzle in Germany
... consider trend and cycle of unemployment and GDP but do not consider asymmetric responses. Our paper bridges the gap in that we analyse parameter instability with respect to its permanent or transitory causes and separate the time-varying GDP effect from further driving forces of employment. In ord ...
... consider trend and cycle of unemployment and GDP but do not consider asymmetric responses. Our paper bridges the gap in that we analyse parameter instability with respect to its permanent or transitory causes and separate the time-varying GDP effect from further driving forces of employment. In ord ...
Achieving full employment in the transition economies
... Both countries began to claw their way back from this "hyper-stagflation" in 1993-4 by cutting government spending and restricting monetary expansion. The latter squeezed enterprises, threatening their ability to meet the wage bill and maintain employment. Enterprises resorted to inter-enterprise cr ...
... Both countries began to claw their way back from this "hyper-stagflation" in 1993-4 by cutting government spending and restricting monetary expansion. The latter squeezed enterprises, threatening their ability to meet the wage bill and maintain employment. Enterprises resorted to inter-enterprise cr ...
Rhode Island Competitiveness: Creating a State Economic Strategy Professor Michael E. Porter
... • Competitiveness is the productivity with which a state utilizes its human, capital, and natural endowments to create value • Productivity determines wages, jobs, and the standard of living • It is not what fields a state competes in that determines its prosperity, but how productively it competes ...
... • Competitiveness is the productivity with which a state utilizes its human, capital, and natural endowments to create value • Productivity determines wages, jobs, and the standard of living • It is not what fields a state competes in that determines its prosperity, but how productively it competes ...
Investment, Capacity, and Uncertainty: A Putty-Clay Approach 1 FRBSF Working Paper 2002-03
... equilibrium implications. The partial equilibrium analysis focuses on the intensive margin where the decision is how much to invest per project, while the general equilibrium analysis takes into account movements in relative prices and investment on the extensive margin that occurs through new entry ...
... equilibrium implications. The partial equilibrium analysis focuses on the intensive margin where the decision is how much to invest per project, while the general equilibrium analysis takes into account movements in relative prices and investment on the extensive margin that occurs through new entry ...
japan`s welfare-state regime: welfare politics, provider
... The “Korean welfare state dispute” was fought over the current state of these social policies in Korea. At one end of the spectrum are the people who assert that at the end of the 1990s Korea rapidly became a welfare state and strengthened state responsibility in the adverse circumstances of the IMF ...
... The “Korean welfare state dispute” was fought over the current state of these social policies in Korea. At one end of the spectrum are the people who assert that at the end of the 1990s Korea rapidly became a welfare state and strengthened state responsibility in the adverse circumstances of the IMF ...
poorer than their parents? flat or falling incomes in
... poorer than their parents. Most population segments experienced flat or falling incomes in the 2002–12 decade but young, less-educated workers were hardest hit, according to our second analysis, which segmented income from France, Italy, and the United States by age and educational attainment. Today ...
... poorer than their parents. Most population segments experienced flat or falling incomes in the 2002–12 decade but young, less-educated workers were hardest hit, according to our second analysis, which segmented income from France, Italy, and the United States by age and educational attainment. Today ...
Global Quality Competition, O¤shoring and Wage Inequality Giammario Impullitti (Cambridge University)
... to produce virtually all the goods in the economy, whereas the follower country can produce only the “old” goods. As in the present article, both countries have the same preferences and technologies, and the di¤erence in production possibilities is exogenous. Krugman suggests that the source of the ...
... to produce virtually all the goods in the economy, whereas the follower country can produce only the “old” goods. As in the present article, both countries have the same preferences and technologies, and the di¤erence in production possibilities is exogenous. Krugman suggests that the source of the ...
ExamView - CH 21 sample test questions.tst
... c. usually increases but not necessarily to 10 percent or 25 percent. d. remains constant. e. usually decreases. ____ 37. The highest unemployment rate ever in U.S. history was about a. 3.9 percent in 2000. b. 5.9 percent in 1972. c. 10 percent in 1982. d. 25 percent in 1933. e. 52 percent in 1939. ...
... c. usually increases but not necessarily to 10 percent or 25 percent. d. remains constant. e. usually decreases. ____ 37. The highest unemployment rate ever in U.S. history was about a. 3.9 percent in 2000. b. 5.9 percent in 1972. c. 10 percent in 1982. d. 25 percent in 1933. e. 52 percent in 1939. ...
IMF Conditionality, Partisanship and Special Interests: Determinants
... There are also studies that focus on the role of partisanship. Pop-Eleches (2009) focuses on the interaction between partisanship and crisis. By analyzing whether IMF’s policy prescriptions are compatible with partisanship of the government, Pop-Eleches shows that the relative salience and resilienc ...
... There are also studies that focus on the role of partisanship. Pop-Eleches (2009) focuses on the interaction between partisanship and crisis. By analyzing whether IMF’s policy prescriptions are compatible with partisanship of the government, Pop-Eleches shows that the relative salience and resilienc ...
Hysteresis and Persistent Long-term Unemployment
... (2009), which is consistent with the experience of these two recoveries of the early 1930s and the late 2000s. Structuralist theories argue that structural changes in the economy have increased the rate of structural (as opposed to cyclical) unemployment. One reason for this structural unemployment ...
... (2009), which is consistent with the experience of these two recoveries of the early 1930s and the late 2000s. Structuralist theories argue that structural changes in the economy have increased the rate of structural (as opposed to cyclical) unemployment. One reason for this structural unemployment ...
View/Open
... National Defense Spending in the 1980s. The 1980s defense build-up was massive in absolute terms. Between 1976 and 1986, U.S. defense expenditures increased from $230 billion to almost $350 billion (1992 dollars). In 1986, defense budget authority was 49% higher in real terms than in 1980 (CBO, 1992 ...
... National Defense Spending in the 1980s. The 1980s defense build-up was massive in absolute terms. Between 1976 and 1986, U.S. defense expenditures increased from $230 billion to almost $350 billion (1992 dollars). In 1986, defense budget authority was 49% higher in real terms than in 1980 (CBO, 1992 ...
Shared prosperity in emerging economies - Friedrich-Ebert
... 2.1 Inequality and Growth The relationship between growth and inequality is a highly controversial issue of economic theory and has generated a huge body of studies (for an overview, see Benabou 1996). Traditionally, economists on the »left,« such as Karl Marx and John Maynard Keynes, have focused o ...
... 2.1 Inequality and Growth The relationship between growth and inequality is a highly controversial issue of economic theory and has generated a huge body of studies (for an overview, see Benabou 1996). Traditionally, economists on the »left,« such as Karl Marx and John Maynard Keynes, have focused o ...
An Input-Output Sticky-price Model
... The employment effect of changes in final demand has always attracted the attention of researchers. For example, many papers are trying to calculate the impact of the decrease in China’s export due to the U.S. sub-prime crisis on China’s employment. Input-output analysis has been used to analyze cha ...
... The employment effect of changes in final demand has always attracted the attention of researchers. For example, many papers are trying to calculate the impact of the decrease in China’s export due to the U.S. sub-prime crisis on China’s employment. Input-output analysis has been used to analyze cha ...
austria
... €90,000 (current threshold is €60,000). Finally, there will be a new ceiling rate of 55 percent for annual taxable income of more than €1 million (applicable in 2016-20). ...
... €90,000 (current threshold is €60,000). Finally, there will be a new ceiling rate of 55 percent for annual taxable income of more than €1 million (applicable in 2016-20). ...
Video Clip 1 "Swedish Economic System"
... (a) The value of alternative uses of time (b) The value of alternative uses of time including studying (c) Forgone opportunities to spend the same amount of money (d) The value of the goods and services that taxpayers would have purchased (e) The alternative uses to which those resources could have ...
... (a) The value of alternative uses of time (b) The value of alternative uses of time including studying (c) Forgone opportunities to spend the same amount of money (d) The value of the goods and services that taxpayers would have purchased (e) The alternative uses to which those resources could have ...
"Specialization, Economic Development and Aggregate Productivity Differences"
... answer this question we calibrate the model using parametric assumptions on the distribution of worker ability and observations on the distribution of wages in agriculture and nonagriculture in recent U.S. data. We show that the dispersion in ability for each sector is pinned down by the variances ...
... answer this question we calibrate the model using parametric assumptions on the distribution of worker ability and observations on the distribution of wages in agriculture and nonagriculture in recent U.S. data. We show that the dispersion in ability for each sector is pinned down by the variances ...