Name: Date: Period: _____ Unit 9 Textbook Notes: The Nervous
... the pre-synaptic cell, or is degraded by enzymes in the synaptic cleft _____Calcium ions rush into the axon terminal and are packaged in synaptic vesicles _____Synaptic vesicles fuse with the axon terminal membrane and release calcium ions (the neurotransmitter) into the synaptic cleft. _____Calcium ...
... the pre-synaptic cell, or is degraded by enzymes in the synaptic cleft _____Calcium ions rush into the axon terminal and are packaged in synaptic vesicles _____Synaptic vesicles fuse with the axon terminal membrane and release calcium ions (the neurotransmitter) into the synaptic cleft. _____Calcium ...
NeuroMuscular Junction and Excitation Coupling IP
... 3. (P 3.) How are skeletal muscle cells electrically insulated from each other? _______________________________ 4. (P 3.) What is a motor neuron? 5. (P3.) What part of the motor neuron carries impulses to the muscle? Describe its structure. 6. (P 4.) Match the following terms to their description: A ...
... 3. (P 3.) How are skeletal muscle cells electrically insulated from each other? _______________________________ 4. (P 3.) What is a motor neuron? 5. (P3.) What part of the motor neuron carries impulses to the muscle? Describe its structure. 6. (P 4.) Match the following terms to their description: A ...
4-6_SynTransRecycofNeurotrans_KotekZs
... neurotransmitters in the central and peripheral nervous system.Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers released from neurons to communicate with another nerve cells,muscle cells or gland cells through a synapse.The main stages of a neurotransmitter's life cycle are: ...
... neurotransmitters in the central and peripheral nervous system.Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers released from neurons to communicate with another nerve cells,muscle cells or gland cells through a synapse.The main stages of a neurotransmitter's life cycle are: ...
Biological synaptic functioning ordering activity
... The Biological approach to Psychology Synaptic functioning Put these processes in the correct order ...
... The Biological approach to Psychology Synaptic functioning Put these processes in the correct order ...
Cognitive Psychology
... currents that can pass through a neuron: • Active currents are ones that are caused by explicit chemical activity (opening and closing of ion channels); ex - at the synapse and across the surface of the axon • Passive currents are ones that simply pass through the cytoplasm, typically as a response ...
... currents that can pass through a neuron: • Active currents are ones that are caused by explicit chemical activity (opening and closing of ion channels); ex - at the synapse and across the surface of the axon • Passive currents are ones that simply pass through the cytoplasm, typically as a response ...
Chapter 2
... Sodium ions are concentrated on the outside of the axon membrane. Potassium ions are concentrated on the inside of the axon membrane. Ion channels are closed. The inside of the axon membrane is more negative that is the outside. ...
... Sodium ions are concentrated on the outside of the axon membrane. Potassium ions are concentrated on the inside of the axon membrane. Ion channels are closed. The inside of the axon membrane is more negative that is the outside. ...
4-5_Chem_postsyn_KolozsvariB
... First, the receptors may directly open ligand-gated ion channels in the postsynaptic cell membrane, causing ions to enter or exit the cell and changing the local transmembrane potential. The resulting change in voltage is called a postsynaptic potential. In general, the result is excitatory in the c ...
... First, the receptors may directly open ligand-gated ion channels in the postsynaptic cell membrane, causing ions to enter or exit the cell and changing the local transmembrane potential. The resulting change in voltage is called a postsynaptic potential. In general, the result is excitatory in the c ...
BIOLOGY II: CHAPTER 9: Neuromuscular Junction
... • The muscle cell, including the T Tubules are polarized. Stimulation of the motor end plate on a muscle cell by acetylcholine triggers depolarization resulting in contraction of the sarcomeres. Arrival of Action Potential at Axon Terminal • When the action potential arrives at the axon terminal vol ...
... • The muscle cell, including the T Tubules are polarized. Stimulation of the motor end plate on a muscle cell by acetylcholine triggers depolarization resulting in contraction of the sarcomeres. Arrival of Action Potential at Axon Terminal • When the action potential arrives at the axon terminal vol ...
Action Potentials
... “Each neuron continuously integrates signals over both time and space as it is continually bombarded with stimuli through the thousands of synapses covering its dendrites and cell body. Remember that, although schematic diagrams of neural circuitry rarely show neurons with more than a few representa ...
... “Each neuron continuously integrates signals over both time and space as it is continually bombarded with stimuli through the thousands of synapses covering its dendrites and cell body. Remember that, although schematic diagrams of neural circuitry rarely show neurons with more than a few representa ...
doc Nerve and synapses
... -Many types of neurotransmitters interact mainly or entirely with metabotropic receptors. These substances, such as dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine, as well as neuropeptides like substance Y and endorphins, are often referred to as neuromodulators. They are not directly involved in the fast f ...
... -Many types of neurotransmitters interact mainly or entirely with metabotropic receptors. These substances, such as dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine, as well as neuropeptides like substance Y and endorphins, are often referred to as neuromodulators. They are not directly involved in the fast f ...
Chapter 48: Nervous System
... Neurotransmitter binds to channel (the receptor), it opens and allows ions to diffuse across the membrane Result- postsynaptic potential (change in membrane potential) Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) membrane potential brought down to threshold Inhibitiory postsynaptic potentials (IPS ...
... Neurotransmitter binds to channel (the receptor), it opens and allows ions to diffuse across the membrane Result- postsynaptic potential (change in membrane potential) Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) membrane potential brought down to threshold Inhibitiory postsynaptic potentials (IPS ...
Neurophysiology Complete
... Excitability: the ability to respond to stimuli and convert it to nerve impulses Conductivity: the ability to transmit the impulse to other neurons, muscles or glands In a resting neuron, the outside is more positive than the inside Resting membrane potential: the difference in electrical charges th ...
... Excitability: the ability to respond to stimuli and convert it to nerve impulses Conductivity: the ability to transmit the impulse to other neurons, muscles or glands In a resting neuron, the outside is more positive than the inside Resting membrane potential: the difference in electrical charges th ...
Nervous System Neurons And Synapses
... 15. myelinated; faster; Voltage-gated Na+ and K+ channels are located primarily at the nodes of Ranvier (gaps in myelin). Current carried by these ions at one node generates currents at the next node. Impulses travel further in a given time period compared to continuous conduction. 16. “Jump” is jus ...
... 15. myelinated; faster; Voltage-gated Na+ and K+ channels are located primarily at the nodes of Ranvier (gaps in myelin). Current carried by these ions at one node generates currents at the next node. Impulses travel further in a given time period compared to continuous conduction. 16. “Jump” is jus ...
The Importance of the Nervous System
... • 10-100 action potentials per second • rate of conduction increases with diameter of nerve (up to 25 m/s) ...
... • 10-100 action potentials per second • rate of conduction increases with diameter of nerve (up to 25 m/s) ...
Learning Objectives
... Justify that acetylcholine has sympathetic & parasympathetic functions. Explain the mechanism of action of acetylcholine in modulating muscle contraction. Give the receptors through which these neurotransmitters carry out these functions. ...
... Justify that acetylcholine has sympathetic & parasympathetic functions. Explain the mechanism of action of acetylcholine in modulating muscle contraction. Give the receptors through which these neurotransmitters carry out these functions. ...
Chemistry of Neurotransmitters
... few milliseconds, the ACh released has been eliminated again. The cleavage products choline and acetate are taken up again by the presynaptic neuron and reused for acetylcholine synthesis. ...
... few milliseconds, the ACh released has been eliminated again. The cleavage products choline and acetate are taken up again by the presynaptic neuron and reused for acetylcholine synthesis. ...
4. Nervous System: Synapses
... • Two categories: – Excitatory: cause depolarization in postsynaptic neuron (stimulate next neuron) – Inhibitory: cause hyperpolarization of postsynaptic membrane that inhibits/stops the potential from moving on • Drugs can be inhibitory or excitatory • Endorphins are inhibitory- block pain ...
... • Two categories: – Excitatory: cause depolarization in postsynaptic neuron (stimulate next neuron) – Inhibitory: cause hyperpolarization of postsynaptic membrane that inhibits/stops the potential from moving on • Drugs can be inhibitory or excitatory • Endorphins are inhibitory- block pain ...
What is resting membrane potential, how is it created and maintained?
... What is resting membrane potential, how is it created and maintained? • -Separation of charges (inside more negative) • -Caused by differences in permeability between Na+ and K+ – K+ allowed to leave, and Na+ can not enter the cell ...
... What is resting membrane potential, how is it created and maintained? • -Separation of charges (inside more negative) • -Caused by differences in permeability between Na+ and K+ – K+ allowed to leave, and Na+ can not enter the cell ...
Nervous System Functions
... Synapse Summary The gated channels for Ca2+ respond to the action potential by opening up. In turn, the Ca2+ enters the cell and triggers the release of neurotransmitters. The neurotransmitter crosses the synapse and binds with protein receptors on the next neuron membrane. Neurotransmitters ...
... Synapse Summary The gated channels for Ca2+ respond to the action potential by opening up. In turn, the Ca2+ enters the cell and triggers the release of neurotransmitters. The neurotransmitter crosses the synapse and binds with protein receptors on the next neuron membrane. Neurotransmitters ...
Part 1 (nerve impulses, ppt file)
... “electric signals” through dendrites and pass the signal on through the axon ...
... “electric signals” through dendrites and pass the signal on through the axon ...
File - Mrs. LeCompte
... The (electrical) impulse itself cannot cross the synaptic cleft, so it must use instead neurotransmitters = molecules that can carry the signal across a synaptic cleft ...
... The (electrical) impulse itself cannot cross the synaptic cleft, so it must use instead neurotransmitters = molecules that can carry the signal across a synaptic cleft ...
6.2 Transmission of Nerve Impulses
... - neurons have the property of irritability similar to muscles - neurons also have the property of conductivity = the ability to convert a stimulus into a nerve impulse A. Action Potentials 1. A neuron at rest has more sodium ions (Na+) outside the membrane than potassium (K+) ions inside, therefore ...
... - neurons have the property of irritability similar to muscles - neurons also have the property of conductivity = the ability to convert a stimulus into a nerve impulse A. Action Potentials 1. A neuron at rest has more sodium ions (Na+) outside the membrane than potassium (K+) ions inside, therefore ...
Fundamental Types of Neurons
... • Local disturbances in membrane potential – occur when neuron is stimulated by chemicals, light, heat or mechanical disturbance – depolarization decreases potential across cell membrane due to opening of gated Na+ channels • Na+ rushes in down concentration and electrical gradients • Na+ diffuses f ...
... • Local disturbances in membrane potential – occur when neuron is stimulated by chemicals, light, heat or mechanical disturbance – depolarization decreases potential across cell membrane due to opening of gated Na+ channels • Na+ rushes in down concentration and electrical gradients • Na+ diffuses f ...
End-plate potential
End plate potentials (EPPs) are the depolarizations of skeletal muscle fibers caused by neurotransmitters binding to the postsynaptic membrane in the neuromuscular junction. They are called ""end plates"" because the postsynaptic terminals of muscle fibers have a large, saucer-like appearance. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal of a motor neuron, vesicles carrying neurotransmitters (mostly acetylcholine) are exocytosed and the contents are released into the neuromuscular junction. These neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane and lead to its depolarization. In the absence of an action potential, acetylcholine vesicles spontaneously leak into the neuromuscular junction and cause very small depolarizations in the postsynaptic membrane. This small response (~0.5mV) is called a miniature end plate potential (MEPP) and is generated by one acetylcholine-containing vesicle. It represents the smallest possible depolarization which can be induced in a muscle.