Communication within the Nervous System
... Inhibitory transmitter in the spinal cord and lower brain. The poison strychnine causes convulsions and death by affecting glycine activity. ...
... Inhibitory transmitter in the spinal cord and lower brain. The poison strychnine causes convulsions and death by affecting glycine activity. ...
04-21-06
... – Electrical current flows directly from one cell to another via a gap junction (tail flick escape response in lobster uses electrical connection because it must be as fast as possible). ...
... – Electrical current flows directly from one cell to another via a gap junction (tail flick escape response in lobster uses electrical connection because it must be as fast as possible). ...
Nervous System
... Influx of Ca2+ causes synaptic vesicles with neurotransmitter to fuse with presynaptic membrane Neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis into synaptic cleft Neurotransmitter binds to receptors in postsynaptic membrane Permeability of postsynaptic membrane is altered initiating on impulse on the se ...
... Influx of Ca2+ causes synaptic vesicles with neurotransmitter to fuse with presynaptic membrane Neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis into synaptic cleft Neurotransmitter binds to receptors in postsynaptic membrane Permeability of postsynaptic membrane is altered initiating on impulse on the se ...
State Dependant Synaptic Plasticity in Purkinje Cells
... memory traces at the parallel fibers (pf) synapse. According to this theory, the climbing fibers (cf) control the learning process by inducing long-term depression (LTD) of the simultaneously activated pf synapses. In a recent study we showed that Purkinje cells (PCs), under in vivo conditions, disp ...
... memory traces at the parallel fibers (pf) synapse. According to this theory, the climbing fibers (cf) control the learning process by inducing long-term depression (LTD) of the simultaneously activated pf synapses. In a recent study we showed that Purkinje cells (PCs), under in vivo conditions, disp ...
Lecture 048 - Neurons and Nervous Systems
... junction between neurons has to jump quickly from one cell to next ...
... junction between neurons has to jump quickly from one cell to next ...
here - TurkoTek
... 2.) Low Molecular Weight- get synthesized in axon terminal. Acetycholine- ACh; every motor nerve releases; most secretion occurs by ACh; most nerve transfer happens because of it. --Acetylcholinesterase- makes acetylcholine break down = Acetate & Choline remain in cell. Biogenic Amines- any compou ...
... 2.) Low Molecular Weight- get synthesized in axon terminal. Acetycholine- ACh; every motor nerve releases; most secretion occurs by ACh; most nerve transfer happens because of it. --Acetylcholinesterase- makes acetylcholine break down = Acetate & Choline remain in cell. Biogenic Amines- any compou ...
File
... • Signals are sent from the axon terminal of one neuron (presynaptic cell) to the dendrite of a neighboring neuron (postsynaptic cell) by sending neurotransmitters across the synapse • Neurotransmitters bind to receptor proteins on the postsynaptic cell, which initiates transmission of signal ...
... • Signals are sent from the axon terminal of one neuron (presynaptic cell) to the dendrite of a neighboring neuron (postsynaptic cell) by sending neurotransmitters across the synapse • Neurotransmitters bind to receptor proteins on the postsynaptic cell, which initiates transmission of signal ...
Ch10 Reading Guide
... threshold is reached, sodium channels ___________________________________ 4. As sodium ions rush into the cell, the __________________________ changes and temporarily becomes _____________________________________________ 5. When sodium channels close and potassium channels open, potassium diffuses _ ...
... threshold is reached, sodium channels ___________________________________ 4. As sodium ions rush into the cell, the __________________________ changes and temporarily becomes _____________________________________________ 5. When sodium channels close and potassium channels open, potassium diffuses _ ...
Physiology
... sodium gates are closed and some of the potassium gates are open. AS A RESULT, sodium cannot diffuse through the membrane & largely remains outside the membrane. HOWEVER, some potassium ions are able to diffuse out. OVERALL, therefore, there are lots of positively charged potassium ions just inside ...
... sodium gates are closed and some of the potassium gates are open. AS A RESULT, sodium cannot diffuse through the membrane & largely remains outside the membrane. HOWEVER, some potassium ions are able to diffuse out. OVERALL, therefore, there are lots of positively charged potassium ions just inside ...
Chapter 12 – Introduction to the Nervous System
... Mechanisms of Synaptic Transmission 1. AP depolarizes synaptic knob 2. Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels open Ca2+ diffuses inside the cell 3. Ca2+ triggers exocytosis of neurotransmitter vesicles 4. NTs diffuses across synaptic cleft bind w/ receptors on postsynaptic cell ...
... Mechanisms of Synaptic Transmission 1. AP depolarizes synaptic knob 2. Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels open Ca2+ diffuses inside the cell 3. Ca2+ triggers exocytosis of neurotransmitter vesicles 4. NTs diffuses across synaptic cleft bind w/ receptors on postsynaptic cell ...
The Evaluation of Weakness in the
... Increased decrement and blocking at increased temperature due to increased acetylcholinesterase activity May account for the fact that the effect is more pronounced in proximal muscles ...
... Increased decrement and blocking at increased temperature due to increased acetylcholinesterase activity May account for the fact that the effect is more pronounced in proximal muscles ...
PART 1: TRUE OR FALSE (1 point each)
... PART 1: TRUE OR FALSE (1 point each) Pick up your number 2 pencil and your scantron sheet and get rolling! Put your NAME, SUID#, and TEST CODE NUMBER on both sides of the scantron immediately. Please bubble in 'A' if the statement is TRUE and 'B' if the statement is FALSE. Remember to be careful whe ...
... PART 1: TRUE OR FALSE (1 point each) Pick up your number 2 pencil and your scantron sheet and get rolling! Put your NAME, SUID#, and TEST CODE NUMBER on both sides of the scantron immediately. Please bubble in 'A' if the statement is TRUE and 'B' if the statement is FALSE. Remember to be careful whe ...
1. A unicellular protest may use a contractile vacuole to expel
... 37. What is the role of ATP in muscle contraction? a. To form cross-‐bridges between thick and thin filaments. b. To release myosin head from actin when it binds to myosin and to provide energy when ...
... 37. What is the role of ATP in muscle contraction? a. To form cross-‐bridges between thick and thin filaments. b. To release myosin head from actin when it binds to myosin and to provide energy when ...
Lecture 3
... mechanism AP duration (AP longer more Ca++ in more release Regulate the number of active zones ...
... mechanism AP duration (AP longer more Ca++ in more release Regulate the number of active zones ...
MS Word Version
... a. postsynaptic neuron b. presynaptic neuron 4. (Page 4.) Chemically-gated ion channels remain open as long as the ___________ is bound to the receptor, and are not sensitive to changes in the membrane potential. a. synapse b. neurotransmitter c. ion 5. (Page 4.) Synaptic current, or ion movement th ...
... a. postsynaptic neuron b. presynaptic neuron 4. (Page 4.) Chemically-gated ion channels remain open as long as the ___________ is bound to the receptor, and are not sensitive to changes in the membrane potential. a. synapse b. neurotransmitter c. ion 5. (Page 4.) Synaptic current, or ion movement th ...
Neural Pathways and Transmission
... however, the information is carried all the way to the brain to allow for decision making and analysis of the stimuli Once the information is relayed to the CNS via the interneurons, the information continues onto the brain Brain decides response and carries the message back to the spinal cord v ...
... however, the information is carried all the way to the brain to allow for decision making and analysis of the stimuli Once the information is relayed to the CNS via the interneurons, the information continues onto the brain Brain decides response and carries the message back to the spinal cord v ...
The Neuron - Austin Community College
... Hyperpolarization The slow K+ gates remain open longer than needed to restore the resting state. This excessive efflux causes hyperpolarization of the membrane. The neuron is insensitive to stimulus and depolarization during this time. SUMMARY At rest all voltage-gated Na+ channels are closed and RM ...
... Hyperpolarization The slow K+ gates remain open longer than needed to restore the resting state. This excessive efflux causes hyperpolarization of the membrane. The neuron is insensitive to stimulus and depolarization during this time. SUMMARY At rest all voltage-gated Na+ channels are closed and RM ...
Ch 3 Review
... The Action Potential The axon membrane is pierced by tiny molecular channels called ion channels These channels are blocked when the neuron is at its resting potential. ...
... The Action Potential The axon membrane is pierced by tiny molecular channels called ion channels These channels are blocked when the neuron is at its resting potential. ...
Study Guide 1
... 15. What is an ion channel? What is the difference between a ligand-gated (chemical-gated) channel and a voltage-gated channel? 16. What is the absolute refractory period of a neuron? The relative refractory period? 17. What is a neurotransmitter? Which neurotransmitters are excitatory and which are ...
... 15. What is an ion channel? What is the difference between a ligand-gated (chemical-gated) channel and a voltage-gated channel? 16. What is the absolute refractory period of a neuron? The relative refractory period? 17. What is a neurotransmitter? Which neurotransmitters are excitatory and which are ...
Complete Nervous System Worksheet
... lock and key manner. (Inhibitor substances stop the impulse because they can fit into the receptor sites and block the normal neurotransmitter.) -this generates an action potential in the postsynaptic membrane and the nerve impulse continues on -after their release the neurotransmitters are quickly ...
... lock and key manner. (Inhibitor substances stop the impulse because they can fit into the receptor sites and block the normal neurotransmitter.) -this generates an action potential in the postsynaptic membrane and the nerve impulse continues on -after their release the neurotransmitters are quickly ...
Neural Conduction - U
... opens voltage-gated calcium channels in the button membrane, and Ca++ ions enter the button ...
... opens voltage-gated calcium channels in the button membrane, and Ca++ ions enter the button ...
No Slide Title
... • Local disturbances in membrane potential – occur when neuron is stimulated by chemicals, light, heat or mechanical disturbance – depolarization decreases potential across cell membrane due to opening of gated Na+ channels • Na+ rushes in down concentration and electrical gradients • Na+ diffuses f ...
... • Local disturbances in membrane potential – occur when neuron is stimulated by chemicals, light, heat or mechanical disturbance – depolarization decreases potential across cell membrane due to opening of gated Na+ channels • Na+ rushes in down concentration and electrical gradients • Na+ diffuses f ...
Nervous System: Nervous Tissue (Chapter 12) Lecture Materials for
... -amount of depolarization or hyperpolarization ! ! depends on intensity of stimulus: ! ...
... -amount of depolarization or hyperpolarization ! ! depends on intensity of stimulus: ! ...
Non- directed synapses
... "In recent years the technique of marking neurons with the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP) has become a major tool. In its brief history, this method has probably been used by more neurobiologists than have used the Golgi stain since its discovery in 1870." Horseradish peroxidase is also highly ...
... "In recent years the technique of marking neurons with the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP) has become a major tool. In its brief history, this method has probably been used by more neurobiologists than have used the Golgi stain since its discovery in 1870." Horseradish peroxidase is also highly ...
THE SYNAPSE
... aldehyde-fixed tissue, asymmetric synapses include axons that contain predominantly round or spherical vesicles and form synapses that are distinguished by a thickened, postsynaptic density. In contrast, symmetric synapses involve axons that contain clusters of vesicles that are predominantly flatte ...
... aldehyde-fixed tissue, asymmetric synapses include axons that contain predominantly round or spherical vesicles and form synapses that are distinguished by a thickened, postsynaptic density. In contrast, symmetric synapses involve axons that contain clusters of vesicles that are predominantly flatte ...
End-plate potential
End plate potentials (EPPs) are the depolarizations of skeletal muscle fibers caused by neurotransmitters binding to the postsynaptic membrane in the neuromuscular junction. They are called ""end plates"" because the postsynaptic terminals of muscle fibers have a large, saucer-like appearance. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal of a motor neuron, vesicles carrying neurotransmitters (mostly acetylcholine) are exocytosed and the contents are released into the neuromuscular junction. These neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane and lead to its depolarization. In the absence of an action potential, acetylcholine vesicles spontaneously leak into the neuromuscular junction and cause very small depolarizations in the postsynaptic membrane. This small response (~0.5mV) is called a miniature end plate potential (MEPP) and is generated by one acetylcholine-containing vesicle. It represents the smallest possible depolarization which can be induced in a muscle.