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Valuation
Valuation

Interest-Sensitive Liabilities
Interest-Sensitive Liabilities

... (sensitivity) relative to some market interest rate. Fed Funds loans, for example, have an interest rate which is determined in the market and which would have a weight of 1. All other loans, investments and deposits would have a weight based on their speed relative to the Fed Funds rate. To determi ...
investment deposit 96 – usa import partners
investment deposit 96 – usa import partners

bond prices
bond prices

... Everyone in the market believes that the interest one 1year bond next year will decrease to 6% (E(r2) = 6%) Investment A: year 1: buy 1-year bond year 2: buy another 1-year bond Investment B: year 1: buy 2-year bond In order for investment B to be competitive with investment A, B has to offer an ave ...
The Impact of Inflation
The Impact of Inflation

Deferred Fixed Annuities
Deferred Fixed Annuities

... This hypothetical example is for illustrative purposes only. It is not intended to predict or project the direction of interest rates. Actual interest rates may be higher or lower than those shown here. Note: Both the short-term, non-fixed-interest-rate and fixed interest rates are assumed to be ann ...
2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Macroeconomics, 4/e
2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Macroeconomics, 4/e

... A scatter diagram is a figure in which one variable is plotted against another. Each point in the figure shows the values of these two variables at a point in time. ...
Less Than Zero: The Brave New World of Negative Interest Rates
Less Than Zero: The Brave New World of Negative Interest Rates

... DS: Even for individuals, there are inconveniences to holding cash. Two thousand dollars sitting around your house could be stolen, misplaced or damaged. And a stack of cash is problematic for transactions in the modern economy. I can’t use money in the desk drawer to buy something online from Amazo ...
Alan Bollard: Investing in a low inflation world (Central Bank Articles
Alan Bollard: Investing in a low inflation world (Central Bank Articles

... risk. This rule applies right across the spectrum of different investments - from low-risk propositions such as bank deposits and government bonds, through to higher-risk ones such as corporate bonds, subordinated notes, real estate and equities. The second important idea is that, when looking at th ...
answer key
answer key

4. definitions/terminologies
4. definitions/terminologies

... securities agrees to repurchase them subsequently from the purchaser (financial institution) at a fixed rate and on a specified date. This is different from trading in securities in the stock exchanges where transactions are not based on repurchase agreement and the prices are determined as per mark ...
Corporation
Corporation

... Structured Notes •A debt security created when the issuer combines a typical bond or note with derivative. •Types of structured notes include : •Step up notes, coupon rate increases over time on a preset schedule. •Inverse Floaters, coupon rate increases when the reference rate decreases and decrea ...
Portfolio Perspectives - Ryan Wealth Management
Portfolio Perspectives - Ryan Wealth Management

SPECIAL DRAWING RIGHTS ncn
SPECIAL DRAWING RIGHTS ncn

... reserve asset, be “backed” by some other asset . The SDR, in contrast, was created out of (so to speak) whole cloth. It was simply allocated to participants in proportion to quotas, leading some to refer to the SDR as :”manna from heaven.” Thereafter it existed and was transferred without any backin ...
Market Comment - Emerging Market Corporate Bonds
Market Comment - Emerging Market Corporate Bonds

... prospectus, the key investor information document and the current annual / semi-annual report of Sparinvest SICAV which can be obtained free of charge at the offices of Sparinvest or of appointed distributors together with the initial statutes of the funds and any subsequent changes to such statutes ...
STEUART V. LAW A COMPARISON ON NATIONAL DEBT AND THE CREATION
STEUART V. LAW A COMPARISON ON NATIONAL DEBT AND THE CREATION

Chapter 9 The Economics of Valuation
Chapter 9 The Economics of Valuation

... In recent years we have seen a renewed effort to empirically attack the EMH and offer explanations for certain anomalies identified in the markets. We have seen that much of this renewed effort has stemmed from participants and academics that fall under the category of Behavioral Finance. Thus far, ...
General Disclosures based on PFRS 7
General Disclosures based on PFRS 7

BONDS
BONDS

Introduction to Stripped Yield
Introduction to Stripped Yield

...  “Unusual” features are unusual  No collateral Brady bond- market  About half the traded issues have a floating coupon  Fixed- and floating-rate issues trade side by side and are purchased by the same investors  “Unusual” features are common  Many bonds have principal collateral and rolling in ...
What effect has quantitative easing had on your share
What effect has quantitative easing had on your share

... 3 The cost of equity is calculated as the risk-free interest rate plus an equity risk premium. It is also sometimes called the equity discount rate. 4 Marc Goedhart, Tim Koller, and Zane Williams, “The real cost of equity,” McKinsey on Finance, Autumn 2002. ...
Negative Interest Rates – A Panacea?
Negative Interest Rates – A Panacea?

MACRO HEDGING OF INTEREST RATE RISK INTRODUCTION
MACRO HEDGING OF INTEREST RATE RISK INTRODUCTION

Full Page with Layout Heading - Michigan Department of Education
Full Page with Layout Heading - Michigan Department of Education

...  Ability to invest sinking fund payments to further reduce interest cost and possibly even principal cost  Debt is typically marketed as a single “bullet” maturity due at end of term (15 year term with 14 years of interest only payments and one single payment of principal for full amount borrowed ...
Problems in Achieving Monetary Policy Goals
Problems in Achieving Monetary Policy Goals

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Present value

In economics, present value, also known as present discounted value, is the value of an expected income stream determined as of the date of valuation. The present value is always less than or equal to the future value because money has interest-earning potential, a characteristic referred to as the time value of money, except during times of negative interest rates, when the present value will be greater than the future value. Time value can be described with the simplified phrase, “A dollar today is worth more than a dollar tomorrow”. Here, 'worth more' means that its value is greater. A dollar today is worth more than a dollar tomorrow because the dollar can be invested and earn a day's worth of interest, making the total accumulate to a value more than a dollar by tomorrow. Interest can be compared to rent. Just as rent is paid to a landlord by a tenant, without the ownership of the asset being transferred, interest is paid to a lender by a borrower who gains access to the money for a time before paying it back. By letting the borrower have access to the money, the lender has sacrificed the exchange value of this money, and is compensated for it in the form of interest. The initial amount of the borrowed funds (the present value) is less than the total amount of money paid to the lender.Present value calculations, and similarly future value calculations, are used to value loans, mortgages, annuities, sinking funds, perpetuities, bonds, and more. These calculations are used to make comparisons between cash flows that don’t occur at simultaneous times. The idea is much like algebra, where variable units must be consistent in order to compare or carry out addition and subtraction; time dates must be consistent in order to make comparisons between values or carry out simple calculations. When deciding between projects in which to invest, the choice can be made by comparing respective present values of such projects by means of discounting the expected income streams at the corresponding project interest rate, or rate of return. The project with the highest present value, i.e. that is most valuable today, should be chosen.
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