The emergence of a shared action ontology: Building blocks for a
... further shown that the brain builds an ontology, an internal model of reality, which—on a very fundamental level within its representational architecture—incorporates the relational character of inter-actions between organism and environment, and that this architecture can actually be traced at the ...
... further shown that the brain builds an ontology, an internal model of reality, which—on a very fundamental level within its representational architecture—incorporates the relational character of inter-actions between organism and environment, and that this architecture can actually be traced at the ...
Guided outgrowth of leech neurons in culture
... Guided outgrowth of leech neurons by lanes of native ECM protein resembles guidance of DRG neurons [6, 7]. The length of guided neurites, however, is hundreds of micrometers, i.e. distinctly longer than reported for DRG neurons. Leech neurons do not grow on irradiated substrate in contrast to the DR ...
... Guided outgrowth of leech neurons by lanes of native ECM protein resembles guidance of DRG neurons [6, 7]. The length of guided neurites, however, is hundreds of micrometers, i.e. distinctly longer than reported for DRG neurons. Leech neurons do not grow on irradiated substrate in contrast to the DR ...
Molecular and anatomical signatures of sleep deprivation in the
... Sleep deprivation (SD) leads to a suite of cognitive and behavioral impairments, and yet the molecular consequences of SD in the brain are poorly understood. Using a systematic immediate-early gene (IEG) mapping to detect neuronal activation, the consequences of SD were mapped primarily to forebrain ...
... Sleep deprivation (SD) leads to a suite of cognitive and behavioral impairments, and yet the molecular consequences of SD in the brain are poorly understood. Using a systematic immediate-early gene (IEG) mapping to detect neuronal activation, the consequences of SD were mapped primarily to forebrain ...
Cerebellum: Movement Regulation and Cognitive Functions
... The midline portion of the cerebellum, the vermis together with the medial nuclear zones that receive its projections, is involved in several regulatory functions, for example the stabilization of head and body posture, the coordination of locomotion and the control of gaze, using combined eye and h ...
... The midline portion of the cerebellum, the vermis together with the medial nuclear zones that receive its projections, is involved in several regulatory functions, for example the stabilization of head and body posture, the coordination of locomotion and the control of gaze, using combined eye and h ...
electrophysiological studies of rat substantia nigra neurons in an in
... H. NAKANISHI,*‡ A. TAMURA,† K. KAWAI† and K. YAMAMOTO* *Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812, Japan †Department of Neurosurgery, Teikyo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 173, Japan Abstract––We studied sequential changes in electrophysiological profile ...
... H. NAKANISHI,*‡ A. TAMURA,† K. KAWAI† and K. YAMAMOTO* *Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812, Japan †Department of Neurosurgery, Teikyo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 173, Japan Abstract––We studied sequential changes in electrophysiological profile ...
motor pathways i-iii
... c) Vestibular nuclei respond to vestibular stimuli elicited by movements and changes in position of the head. They give rise to medial and lateral vestibulospinal tracts. d) These pathways provide a motor system parallel to the pyramidal system for activation of the LMNs. They descend through the br ...
... c) Vestibular nuclei respond to vestibular stimuli elicited by movements and changes in position of the head. They give rise to medial and lateral vestibulospinal tracts. d) These pathways provide a motor system parallel to the pyramidal system for activation of the LMNs. They descend through the br ...
Local functions for FMRP in axon growth cone motility and activity
... (Fig. 3A), as done by others (Prange and Murphy, 2001), since it is difficult during this stage of development in culture (2 weeks) to unequivocally distinguish spines from filopodium based solely on morphologic criteria. This is because filopodia are abundant and many spines have an ambiguous morph ...
... (Fig. 3A), as done by others (Prange and Murphy, 2001), since it is difficult during this stage of development in culture (2 weeks) to unequivocally distinguish spines from filopodium based solely on morphologic criteria. This is because filopodia are abundant and many spines have an ambiguous morph ...
Enhanced intrinsic excitability and EPSP
... freely moving rats wherein exposure to EE caused a significant increase in the population ...
... freely moving rats wherein exposure to EE caused a significant increase in the population ...
View/Open
... unit within the peripheral nerve we have the axons and dendrites of many nerve cells closely bound together in a bundle or funiculus. Around and between each of these axons ana dendrites is a delicate ...
... unit within the peripheral nerve we have the axons and dendrites of many nerve cells closely bound together in a bundle or funiculus. Around and between each of these axons ana dendrites is a delicate ...
PDF file
... wt1 i,j and wt2 i,j are top-down weights received from “where” and “what” motors, respectively. y1 i,j and y2 i,j are the top-down inputs from the “where” motor and “what” motor, respectively. β (0 ≤ β ≤ 1) is the weight that controls the maximum contribution by the “what” motor. V. N EURON C OMPETI ...
... wt1 i,j and wt2 i,j are top-down weights received from “where” and “what” motors, respectively. y1 i,j and y2 i,j are the top-down inputs from the “where” motor and “what” motor, respectively. β (0 ≤ β ≤ 1) is the weight that controls the maximum contribution by the “what” motor. V. N EURON C OMPETI ...
PHS 398 (Rev. 9/04), Biographical Sketch Format Page
... significant shear forces due to the fact that the electrodes are made of materials that are much less compliant than the neural tissue. These shear forces, exacerbated by the tethering forces generated by the electrode interconnects, cause an encapsulation tissue that forms in long term implants. Th ...
... significant shear forces due to the fact that the electrodes are made of materials that are much less compliant than the neural tissue. These shear forces, exacerbated by the tethering forces generated by the electrode interconnects, cause an encapsulation tissue that forms in long term implants. Th ...
Cerebral Cortex Lect
... Functional areas (regions) of cerebral neocortex: Motor area: somatotopically organized around the cruciate sulcus. The motor area drives voluntary movement and it is the primary source of pyramidal tract fibers to cranial nerve nuclei and spinal cord (corticospinal tracts). Somatotopic organizati ...
... Functional areas (regions) of cerebral neocortex: Motor area: somatotopically organized around the cruciate sulcus. The motor area drives voluntary movement and it is the primary source of pyramidal tract fibers to cranial nerve nuclei and spinal cord (corticospinal tracts). Somatotopic organizati ...
Direct somatic lineage conversion - Philosophical Transactions of
... remained unsuccessful which led people to conclude that somatic cells of higher organisms cannot be reprogrammed, akin to the higher restriction in regenerative potential of higher organisms. However, four decades later, Wilmut and co-workers [13] successfully cloned Dolly the sheep. This was a tran ...
... remained unsuccessful which led people to conclude that somatic cells of higher organisms cannot be reprogrammed, akin to the higher restriction in regenerative potential of higher organisms. However, four decades later, Wilmut and co-workers [13] successfully cloned Dolly the sheep. This was a tran ...
ARTICLE IN PRESS
... As humans, most of us have personal experience of the phenomenon of episodic memory. We have rich recollections of sequences of events from our recent or remote past that play out in our minds as if we were reliving the experience. For example, I can remember going into the kitchen this morning to p ...
... As humans, most of us have personal experience of the phenomenon of episodic memory. We have rich recollections of sequences of events from our recent or remote past that play out in our minds as if we were reliving the experience. For example, I can remember going into the kitchen this morning to p ...
Mirror Neurons in a New World Monkey, Common Marmoset
... immediately confirmed under a fluorescence stereomicroscope (VB-G05, Keyence Corporation, Osaka, Japan) with a filter for red fluorescent protein (RFP, emission, 540/25; absorption, 572). The retrograde tracer was injected into an area in STS that contained the cells strongly responsive to the video ...
... immediately confirmed under a fluorescence stereomicroscope (VB-G05, Keyence Corporation, Osaka, Japan) with a filter for red fluorescent protein (RFP, emission, 540/25; absorption, 572). The retrograde tracer was injected into an area in STS that contained the cells strongly responsive to the video ...
2.1 central nervous system: neurotransmission and
... Central nervous system (CNS) is functionally very complex than any other systems in the body as the relationship between the behavior of individual cell and that of the whole organ is less direct.[16] CNS includes brain and spinal cord. Brain is an array of interrelated neural systems that regulate ...
... Central nervous system (CNS) is functionally very complex than any other systems in the body as the relationship between the behavior of individual cell and that of the whole organ is less direct.[16] CNS includes brain and spinal cord. Brain is an array of interrelated neural systems that regulate ...
File - South Sevier High School
... 2. The nucleus is the central portion of each cell. It directs the cell’s activities and contains the chromosomes. The chromosomes are the bearers of genes—those elements that control inherited traits such as eye color, height, inherited diseases, gender, and so on. The chromosomes are made of deoxy ...
... 2. The nucleus is the central portion of each cell. It directs the cell’s activities and contains the chromosomes. The chromosomes are the bearers of genes—those elements that control inherited traits such as eye color, height, inherited diseases, gender, and so on. The chromosomes are made of deoxy ...
Drosophila as a Model Organism for the Study of
... transport machinery, pumps, and voltage-gated channels that underlie action potential transmission, presynaptic terminals with all the machinery for synaptic vesicle release and recycling, dendrites, postsynapses with localized receptor fields and active zones. Glial cells are found intimately assoc ...
... transport machinery, pumps, and voltage-gated channels that underlie action potential transmission, presynaptic terminals with all the machinery for synaptic vesicle release and recycling, dendrites, postsynapses with localized receptor fields and active zones. Glial cells are found intimately assoc ...
NEURAL NETWORK DYNAMICS
... areas, such as the early visual system, it clearly cannot account for the majority of activity in the brain, which is internally generated. This review is devoted to modeling work at the other extreme: models that produce their own activity, even in the absence of external input. ...
... areas, such as the early visual system, it clearly cannot account for the majority of activity in the brain, which is internally generated. This review is devoted to modeling work at the other extreme: models that produce their own activity, even in the absence of external input. ...
STUDY THIS FOR THE TEST! PRACTICE! HAS ANSWERS!!! File
... Found in smooth, hollow organs: stomach, esophagus, kidneys, etc. ...
... Found in smooth, hollow organs: stomach, esophagus, kidneys, etc. ...
Synapse Jeopardy
... • Split the group into two teams that will be presented with a table similar to: ...
... • Split the group into two teams that will be presented with a table similar to: ...
Lecture notes Neural Computation
... Also much studied in the hippocampus are its rhythms: the global activity in the hippocampus shows oscillations. The role of these oscillations in information processing is not known. ...
... Also much studied in the hippocampus are its rhythms: the global activity in the hippocampus shows oscillations. The role of these oscillations in information processing is not known. ...
Cell Type-Specific, Presynaptic LTP of Inhibitory Synapses on Fast
... by averaging 15–30 consecutive responses: onset latency (from the peak of presynaptic action potentials to the onset of uIPSC); peak amplitude (from the baseline to the peak of uIPSC); base-to-peak rising time (from the onset of uIPSC to its peak); and rising slope (slope of a fitting line from 10 t ...
... by averaging 15–30 consecutive responses: onset latency (from the peak of presynaptic action potentials to the onset of uIPSC); peak amplitude (from the baseline to the peak of uIPSC); base-to-peak rising time (from the onset of uIPSC to its peak); and rising slope (slope of a fitting line from 10 t ...
Comparison of the Distributions of lpsilaterally and Contralaterally
... to different pathways seems identical or, at least, very similar. For example, at the cat area 17/i 8 border, layer Ill contains neurons which project ipsilaterally to area PMLS, as well as neurons projecting contralaterally to the area 17/l 8 border region or to area PMLS. In light of the existing ...
... to different pathways seems identical or, at least, very similar. For example, at the cat area 17/i 8 border, layer Ill contains neurons which project ipsilaterally to area PMLS, as well as neurons projecting contralaterally to the area 17/l 8 border region or to area PMLS. In light of the existing ...
Patterning and axon guidance of cranial motor neurons
... r1, r2 and r3 (in mice) or r2 and r3 (in chicks), the facial nucleus (nucleus VII; BM and VM neurons) lies in r4 and r5, the glossopharyngeal nucleus (nucleus IX; BM and VM neurons) lies in r6 (in mice) or r6 and r7 (in chicks), and the vagus nucleus (nucleus X; BM and VM neurons) and cranial access ...
... r1, r2 and r3 (in mice) or r2 and r3 (in chicks), the facial nucleus (nucleus VII; BM and VM neurons) lies in r4 and r5, the glossopharyngeal nucleus (nucleus IX; BM and VM neurons) lies in r6 (in mice) or r6 and r7 (in chicks), and the vagus nucleus (nucleus X; BM and VM neurons) and cranial access ...
Neuroanatomy
Neuroanatomy is the study of the anatomy and stereotyped organization of nervous systems. In contrast to animals with radial symmetry, whose nervous system consists of a distributed network of cells, animals with bilateral symmetry have segregated, defined nervous systems, and thus we can make much more precise statements about their neuroanatomy. In vertebrates, the nervous system is segregated into the internal structure of the brain and spinal cord (together called the central nervous system, or CNS) and the routes of the nerves that connect to the rest of the body (known as the peripheral nervous system, or PNS). The delineation of distinct structures and regions of the nervous system has been critical in investigating how it works. For example, much of what neuroscientists have learned comes from observing how damage or ""lesions"" to specific brain areas affects behavior or other neural functions.For information about the composition of animal nervous systems, see nervous system. For information about the typical structure of the human nervous system, see human brain or peripheral nervous system. This article discusses information pertinent to the study of neuroanatomy.