23. electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation
... where the hydrocarbon is the electron donor and the oxygen atom, the electron acceptor. All four types of electron transfer occur in cells. The neutral term reducing equivalent is commonly used to designate a single electron equivalent participating in redox reactions, whether it is in the form of a ...
... where the hydrocarbon is the electron donor and the oxygen atom, the electron acceptor. All four types of electron transfer occur in cells. The neutral term reducing equivalent is commonly used to designate a single electron equivalent participating in redox reactions, whether it is in the form of a ...
Hypoxia regulates host cell metabolism and thereby enhancing
... Upregulation of host cell glycolysis is beneficial for C. pneumoniae growth ............ 60 ...
... Upregulation of host cell glycolysis is beneficial for C. pneumoniae growth ............ 60 ...
Comparative analysis of cytosolic and mitochondrial ATP synthesis
... affects bioenergetics of neurons in neonatal brain (Lust et al., 2003; Illsinger and Das, 2010). To our knowledge, there are only two studies in which luciferase bioluminescence imaging have been used to evaluate changes in [ATP]c of individual cultured neurons (Ainscow et al., 2002; Mironov, 2007). ...
... affects bioenergetics of neurons in neonatal brain (Lust et al., 2003; Illsinger and Das, 2010). To our knowledge, there are only two studies in which luciferase bioluminescence imaging have been used to evaluate changes in [ATP]c of individual cultured neurons (Ainscow et al., 2002; Mironov, 2007). ...
MITOCHONDRIAL DNA REPLICATION IN PRE
... This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of info ...
... This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of info ...
Cytochromes P450 – importance of tissue specificity
... Mammals express multiple cytochromes P450 simultaneously in a variety of tissues, including the liver, kidney, lung, adrenal, gonads, brain, and most others. For cytochromes P450 that are expressed in many tissues or cell types, the tissue/cell type-specific expression might be associated with their ...
... Mammals express multiple cytochromes P450 simultaneously in a variety of tissues, including the liver, kidney, lung, adrenal, gonads, brain, and most others. For cytochromes P450 that are expressed in many tissues or cell types, the tissue/cell type-specific expression might be associated with their ...
Dehydrogenase Complexes of Corn (Zea mays L.) and Soybean
... grass-specific herbicides showed the following: (a) an accumulation of free sugars in mature leaves of the injured plant (1, 5), (b) the appearance of purple leaf coloration due to the accumulation of anthocyanin (1), (c) the simultaneous inhibition of respiration and lipid synthesis in cultured cel ...
... grass-specific herbicides showed the following: (a) an accumulation of free sugars in mature leaves of the injured plant (1, 5), (b) the appearance of purple leaf coloration due to the accumulation of anthocyanin (1), (c) the simultaneous inhibition of respiration and lipid synthesis in cultured cel ...
Seminario Glúcidos 3 y lípidos 1. Comente los mecanismos de
... a value shown to be near the optimum for fatty acid oxidation in a previous study (11). In experiments in which the mitochondria were taken up in distilled water, sufficient KC1 was added to the test flasks to provide a fmal concentration of about 0.05 M. Throughout these fractionations, it was foun ...
... a value shown to be near the optimum for fatty acid oxidation in a previous study (11). In experiments in which the mitochondria were taken up in distilled water, sufficient KC1 was added to the test flasks to provide a fmal concentration of about 0.05 M. Throughout these fractionations, it was foun ...
Regulation of mitochondrial calcium in plants versus animals
... MICU The mammalian MICU protein family consists of three members that share >40% sequence identity (Fig. 2B). MICU1, the first uniporter component identified (Perocchi et al., 2010), is a 50 kDa protein with two functional and two pseudo EF-hands and resides in the mitochondrial IMS (Csordás et al ...
... MICU The mammalian MICU protein family consists of three members that share >40% sequence identity (Fig. 2B). MICU1, the first uniporter component identified (Perocchi et al., 2010), is a 50 kDa protein with two functional and two pseudo EF-hands and resides in the mitochondrial IMS (Csordás et al ...
acyl-CoA
... high rates of lipolysis (e.g., long-term starvation or in uncontrolled diabetes) produce sufficient ketones in the blood to be effective as a fuel ketones are the preferred fuel if glucose, ketones, fatty acids all available in the blood primary tissues: using ketones, when available, are brain, mus ...
... high rates of lipolysis (e.g., long-term starvation or in uncontrolled diabetes) produce sufficient ketones in the blood to be effective as a fuel ketones are the preferred fuel if glucose, ketones, fatty acids all available in the blood primary tissues: using ketones, when available, are brain, mus ...
Haem biosynthesis and excretion of porphyrins
... oxidase, encoded by a gene on chromosome 1, catalyses the oxidation of protoporphyrinogen IX to protoporphyrin IX: six hydrogen atoms are removed (four from methylene bridges and two from pyrrole rings). Only oxidized molecules (porphyrins) are brightly coloured, whereas reduced porphyrins (porphyri ...
... oxidase, encoded by a gene on chromosome 1, catalyses the oxidation of protoporphyrinogen IX to protoporphyrin IX: six hydrogen atoms are removed (four from methylene bridges and two from pyrrole rings). Only oxidized molecules (porphyrins) are brightly coloured, whereas reduced porphyrins (porphyri ...
Metabolomics - Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics
... routinely used but has motivated the search for more clinically applicable metabolic approaches to cardioprotection. For many decades, even before description of the complete citric acid cycle (CAC), ischemia and hypoxia were recognized to stimulate the degradation of myocardial aspartate and glutam ...
... routinely used but has motivated the search for more clinically applicable metabolic approaches to cardioprotection. For many decades, even before description of the complete citric acid cycle (CAC), ischemia and hypoxia were recognized to stimulate the degradation of myocardial aspartate and glutam ...
Rat sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase - UNC
... Fig. 3. Inhibition of GPAT activity by DEPC and reversal with hydroxylamine. To isolate total particulate preparations, rat liver or Sf21 cells was homogenized with 10 up-and-down strokes with a Te£on-glass homogenizer in 0.25 M sucrose, 1 mM EDTA, 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4 and 1 mM DTT, then centrifug ...
... Fig. 3. Inhibition of GPAT activity by DEPC and reversal with hydroxylamine. To isolate total particulate preparations, rat liver or Sf21 cells was homogenized with 10 up-and-down strokes with a Te£on-glass homogenizer in 0.25 M sucrose, 1 mM EDTA, 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4 and 1 mM DTT, then centrifug ...
Biochemical Aspects of the Thermal Sensitivity and Energy Balance
... The maintenance of a functional energy balance in ectothermic fauna could be challenging in a thermally disparate environment. Biochemical adaptations at the enzyme and membrane levels allows for a set compensatory mechanism that allow the individual to maintain an energetic surplus, thus allocating ...
... The maintenance of a functional energy balance in ectothermic fauna could be challenging in a thermally disparate environment. Biochemical adaptations at the enzyme and membrane levels allows for a set compensatory mechanism that allow the individual to maintain an energetic surplus, thus allocating ...
Cells Phenotype of Human Tolerogenic Dendritic Glycolytic
... mitochondrial oxidative activity, production of reactive oxygen species, superoxide, and increased spare respiratory capacity. Furthermore, assembled, electron transport chain complexes were significantly more abundant in tolerogenic DCs. At the level of glycolysis, tolerogenic and mature DCs showed ...
... mitochondrial oxidative activity, production of reactive oxygen species, superoxide, and increased spare respiratory capacity. Furthermore, assembled, electron transport chain complexes were significantly more abundant in tolerogenic DCs. At the level of glycolysis, tolerogenic and mature DCs showed ...
- David McDonald, Duke University
... in neuroprotection. Brain acylcarnitines can function in synthesizing lipids, altering and stabilizing membrane composition, modulating genes and proteins, improving mitochondrial function, increasing antioxidant activity, and enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission. Currently a relatively small sub ...
... in neuroprotection. Brain acylcarnitines can function in synthesizing lipids, altering and stabilizing membrane composition, modulating genes and proteins, improving mitochondrial function, increasing antioxidant activity, and enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission. Currently a relatively small sub ...
Carnitine Acetyltransferase and Mitochondrial Acetyl
... buffering in exercise tolerance and suggest its involvement in energy metabolism during skeletal muscle contraction and fatigue. These findings could have important clinical implications for individuals with muscle weakness and fatigue due to multiple conditions, such as peripheral vascular or cardi ...
... buffering in exercise tolerance and suggest its involvement in energy metabolism during skeletal muscle contraction and fatigue. These findings could have important clinical implications for individuals with muscle weakness and fatigue due to multiple conditions, such as peripheral vascular or cardi ...
Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid reduces neutral lipid
... cultured with trans-10, cis-12 CLA when compared to control (56.3 vs. 34.4%, respectively, P = 0.002). However, this difference was not observed in the hatching rate (16.5 vs. 14.0%, respectively, P = 0.62). Conclusions: The supplementation with trans-10, cis-12 CLA isomer in culture medium reduced ...
... cultured with trans-10, cis-12 CLA when compared to control (56.3 vs. 34.4%, respectively, P = 0.002). However, this difference was not observed in the hatching rate (16.5 vs. 14.0%, respectively, P = 0.62). Conclusions: The supplementation with trans-10, cis-12 CLA isomer in culture medium reduced ...
How Will We Regulate Genetic Enhancement
... raised, for the first time, the question of whether and in what circumstances it was appropriate to use gene insertion technology in "normal" individuals. 3 Officials at NIH realized that it was a short step from preliminary testing in healthy subjects of a genetic treatment for disease to experimen ...
... raised, for the first time, the question of whether and in what circumstances it was appropriate to use gene insertion technology in "normal" individuals. 3 Officials at NIH realized that it was a short step from preliminary testing in healthy subjects of a genetic treatment for disease to experimen ...
Chemiosmotic systems in bioenergetics
... performance of other types of membrane-linked work in mitochondria, chloroplasts, some bacteria, tonoplasts, secretory granules and plant and fungal outer cell membranes. A concrete version of the direct chemiosmotic mechanism, in which H § potential formation is a simple consequence of the chemistr ...
... performance of other types of membrane-linked work in mitochondria, chloroplasts, some bacteria, tonoplasts, secretory granules and plant and fungal outer cell membranes. A concrete version of the direct chemiosmotic mechanism, in which H § potential formation is a simple consequence of the chemistr ...
Preparation of pyruvate for the citric acid cycle Recap 1. We have
... We have already stated what happens to pyruvate: Aerobic conditions 1. Converts to acetyl CoA (by pyruvate dehydrogenase) for use in the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (leads to more ATP production) 2. Converts to oxaloacetate , which can then shuttle into the synthesize glucose (can also b ...
... We have already stated what happens to pyruvate: Aerobic conditions 1. Converts to acetyl CoA (by pyruvate dehydrogenase) for use in the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (leads to more ATP production) 2. Converts to oxaloacetate , which can then shuttle into the synthesize glucose (can also b ...
Agnieszka Kozieł Aerobic metabolism of human endothelial cells
... Fellowship for PhD students from KNOW Poznan RNA Centre (01/KNOW2/2014) ...
... Fellowship for PhD students from KNOW Poznan RNA Centre (01/KNOW2/2014) ...
The Inherited Metabolic Disorders News
... developing fluid in her brain known as ventriculomegaly. I was devastated. I remember barely making it out to the parking lot before I broke down crying. We already had two other children; a healthy 3 year old boy and a 2 year old daughter with severe disabilities. I was not prepared to go through t ...
... developing fluid in her brain known as ventriculomegaly. I was devastated. I remember barely making it out to the parking lot before I broke down crying. We already had two other children; a healthy 3 year old boy and a 2 year old daughter with severe disabilities. I was not prepared to go through t ...
Genetic Disorders of Mitochondrial and Peroxisomal Fatty Acid
... In mitochondria the first step in the 3 oxidation of fatty acids is catalyzed by various acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, all FAD-linked, which donate their electrons to the respiratory chain, thus generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In peroxisomes, however, the acyl-CoA oxidases—which are also FAD lin ...
... In mitochondria the first step in the 3 oxidation of fatty acids is catalyzed by various acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, all FAD-linked, which donate their electrons to the respiratory chain, thus generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In peroxisomes, however, the acyl-CoA oxidases—which are also FAD lin ...
Respiration and Lipid Metabolism - Roberto Cezar | Fisiologista
... classic glycolytic and fermentative pathways in plants are almost identical with those of animal cells (Figure 11.3). However, plant glycolysis has unique regulatory features, as well as a parallel partial glycolytic pathway in plastids and alternative enzymatic routes for several cytosolic steps. I ...
... classic glycolytic and fermentative pathways in plants are almost identical with those of animal cells (Figure 11.3). However, plant glycolysis has unique regulatory features, as well as a parallel partial glycolytic pathway in plastids and alternative enzymatic routes for several cytosolic steps. I ...