chapter2 (new window)
... – Ions carry an electrical charge. – Sodium ions (Na+) - positive charge – Chlorine ions (Cl-) - negative charge – Potassium ions (K+) - positive charge – Electrical signals are generated when such ions cross the membranes of neurons. • Membranes have selective permeability. ...
... – Ions carry an electrical charge. – Sodium ions (Na+) - positive charge – Chlorine ions (Cl-) - negative charge – Potassium ions (K+) - positive charge – Electrical signals are generated when such ions cross the membranes of neurons. • Membranes have selective permeability. ...
Ch 8 Nervous System Test Key 1. In a neuron, short, branching
... 2) Sensory neurons conduct the action potentials to the spinal cord. 3) Motor neurons are stimulated and generate an action potential. 4) Sensory neurons synapse with motor neurons in the spinal cord. 5) The AP travels to the quadriceps femoris and cause it to contract. 6) Sensory receptors in the m ...
... 2) Sensory neurons conduct the action potentials to the spinal cord. 3) Motor neurons are stimulated and generate an action potential. 4) Sensory neurons synapse with motor neurons in the spinal cord. 5) The AP travels to the quadriceps femoris and cause it to contract. 6) Sensory receptors in the m ...
Pathogenicity and Effects of Prions Misfolding
... According to the Center for Disease Control, CJD has increased with population over the past 30 years as expected. While contrastingly, the rates of fatal familial insomnia, another TSE, have remained low. The low rates are due to the genetic transfer of the fatal familial insomnia genes and the fac ...
... According to the Center for Disease Control, CJD has increased with population over the past 30 years as expected. While contrastingly, the rates of fatal familial insomnia, another TSE, have remained low. The low rates are due to the genetic transfer of the fatal familial insomnia genes and the fac ...
Higher-Order Functions
... diencephalon, plays an uncertain role in memory storage and retrieval. Damage to this nucleus is associated with changes in emotional states, memory, and intellectual function. ...
... diencephalon, plays an uncertain role in memory storage and retrieval. Damage to this nucleus is associated with changes in emotional states, memory, and intellectual function. ...
Histamine reduces firing and bursting of anterior and intralaminar
... recovery). Neurons that changed their discharge rate by more than 25% (or at least by 0.5 impulses per s when firing at a rate below 1 spike per s) during at least one response period were regarded as being responsive to the applied drug. The prevailing direction of changes in all neurons of one pop ...
... recovery). Neurons that changed their discharge rate by more than 25% (or at least by 0.5 impulses per s when firing at a rate below 1 spike per s) during at least one response period were regarded as being responsive to the applied drug. The prevailing direction of changes in all neurons of one pop ...
Chapter 1
... • There are three types of pain receptors. – Thermal pain receptors: respond to extreme heat/cold. – Mechanical pain receptors: respond to intense stimulation like pinching/cutting. – Polymodal pain receptors: activated by • both thermal and mechanical stimuli • chemicals released when tissue is inj ...
... • There are three types of pain receptors. – Thermal pain receptors: respond to extreme heat/cold. – Mechanical pain receptors: respond to intense stimulation like pinching/cutting. – Polymodal pain receptors: activated by • both thermal and mechanical stimuli • chemicals released when tissue is inj ...
Decoding Motor Commands in Cortico-Basal Ganglia Circuits for the
... The BehaviourGUI toolbox allows data to be synchronised so several data sets (such as a video recording and computed velocity) easily can be analysed simultaneously. This is of great help when trying to find when the rat is moving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A perievent time his ...
... The BehaviourGUI toolbox allows data to be synchronised so several data sets (such as a video recording and computed velocity) easily can be analysed simultaneously. This is of great help when trying to find when the rat is moving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A perievent time his ...
POWERPOINT VERSION ()
... • Brain cells begin to die before birth • Over average lifetime, brain shrinks 10% • Most cell death occurs in temporal lobes • By age 90, frontal lobe has lost half its neurons • Number of dendritic branches decreases • Decreased levels of neurotransmitters • Fading memory • Slowed responses and re ...
... • Brain cells begin to die before birth • Over average lifetime, brain shrinks 10% • Most cell death occurs in temporal lobes • By age 90, frontal lobe has lost half its neurons • Number of dendritic branches decreases • Decreased levels of neurotransmitters • Fading memory • Slowed responses and re ...
slides
... that shown in A, are functionally specific. The axon of the pyramidal cell forms synapses on other pyramidal cells in the immediate vicinity as well as pyramidal cells some distance away. Recordings of cell activity demonstrate that the axon makes connections only with cells that have the same funct ...
... that shown in A, are functionally specific. The axon of the pyramidal cell forms synapses on other pyramidal cells in the immediate vicinity as well as pyramidal cells some distance away. Recordings of cell activity demonstrate that the axon makes connections only with cells that have the same funct ...
Chapter 2: The Brain and Behavior
... FIGURE 2.2 Electrical probes placed inside and outside an axon measure its activity. (The scale is exaggerated here. Such measurements require ultra-small electrodes, as described later in this chapter.) The inside of an axon at rest is about -60 to -70 millivolts, compared with the outside. Electro ...
... FIGURE 2.2 Electrical probes placed inside and outside an axon measure its activity. (The scale is exaggerated here. Such measurements require ultra-small electrodes, as described later in this chapter.) The inside of an axon at rest is about -60 to -70 millivolts, compared with the outside. Electro ...
Neurons
... • Synthesized in the sympathetic system • Attach to adrenergic receptors – α1 receptors: constrict blood vessels – α2 receptors: negative feedback to stop neurotransmitter release – β1 receptors: speed and strengthen heart ...
... • Synthesized in the sympathetic system • Attach to adrenergic receptors – α1 receptors: constrict blood vessels – α2 receptors: negative feedback to stop neurotransmitter release – β1 receptors: speed and strengthen heart ...
A"computational"approach"towards"the"ontogeny"of" mirror"neurons
... Gazzola (2014). This involves the use of an artificial neural network (ANN) to simulate activity in the premotor cortex (PM) and the superior temporal sulcus (STS). The PM coordinates self-performed actions, whereas the STS is a region known to respond to the sight of body movements and the sound of ...
... Gazzola (2014). This involves the use of an artificial neural network (ANN) to simulate activity in the premotor cortex (PM) and the superior temporal sulcus (STS). The PM coordinates self-performed actions, whereas the STS is a region known to respond to the sight of body movements and the sound of ...
... from layer V of the entorhinal cortex—which link the hippocampus to extensive cortical regions3—respond to consecutive stimuli with graded changes in firing frequency that remain stable after each stimulus presentation. In addition, the sustained levels of firing frequency can be either increased or ...
lecture 02
... • Basic elements of nervous system – information is transmitted across a synapse chemically by means of a neurotransmitter – a neurotransmitter is released from small buttons or sacs in the axon terminals, which then fit into receptor sites on the dendrites of the next neuron – two types of neurons: ...
... • Basic elements of nervous system – information is transmitted across a synapse chemically by means of a neurotransmitter – a neurotransmitter is released from small buttons or sacs in the axon terminals, which then fit into receptor sites on the dendrites of the next neuron – two types of neurons: ...
The Basal Ganglia
... systems,other parts of the brain participate in voluntary movement. Thus, disorders of the motor nuclei of the brain stem, red nucleus, and cerebellum also result in disturbances of movement. Second,the extrapyramidal and pyramidal systems are not truly independent but are extensively interconnected ...
... systems,other parts of the brain participate in voluntary movement. Thus, disorders of the motor nuclei of the brain stem, red nucleus, and cerebellum also result in disturbances of movement. Second,the extrapyramidal and pyramidal systems are not truly independent but are extensively interconnected ...
Berman - LIFE at UCF - University of Central Florida
... 1. The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is broken down by “secretases” 2. A nonsoluble fragment of the APP protein (mostly Ab-42) accumulates and is deposited outside the cell. 3. The “sticky” nature of Ab-42 helps other protein fragments (including apoE) to gather into plaques. 4. These plaques and/ ...
... 1. The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is broken down by “secretases” 2. A nonsoluble fragment of the APP protein (mostly Ab-42) accumulates and is deposited outside the cell. 3. The “sticky” nature of Ab-42 helps other protein fragments (including apoE) to gather into plaques. 4. These plaques and/ ...
module 6: the nervous system and the endocrine system
... Many students have encountered the material in this unit before, either in biology or in high school psychology. The trick, then, is to make this material clear but also different enough in orientation from what they have learned earlier so that it will engage their interest. To the extent that you ...
... Many students have encountered the material in this unit before, either in biology or in high school psychology. The trick, then, is to make this material clear but also different enough in orientation from what they have learned earlier so that it will engage their interest. To the extent that you ...
From Network Architecture of Forebrain Systems to Brain Wide Web
... CRH neurons that mediate stress response receive strong feedback inhibition from local GABAergic networks, which demonstrate a remarkable plasticity and are enlarged in animal models under chronic exposure to stressors. Prof. Cullinan clarified that while discovery of the details of hypothalamic an ...
... CRH neurons that mediate stress response receive strong feedback inhibition from local GABAergic networks, which demonstrate a remarkable plasticity and are enlarged in animal models under chronic exposure to stressors. Prof. Cullinan clarified that while discovery of the details of hypothalamic an ...
Stable propagation of synchronous spiking in cortical neural networks
... delivered via a ®bre optic threaded into the capillary, and re¯ects from the diaphragm. The amount of light returning to the ®bre optic for transmission to a photodetector varies linearly with the pressure-induced bending of the diaphragm. The acoustic impedance of the sensors is an order of magnitu ...
... delivered via a ®bre optic threaded into the capillary, and re¯ects from the diaphragm. The amount of light returning to the ®bre optic for transmission to a photodetector varies linearly with the pressure-induced bending of the diaphragm. The acoustic impedance of the sensors is an order of magnitu ...
Functional and Dysfunctional Aspects of the Cerebral Cortex
... to take care of large receptive fields, reaching the conscious level, and others of small receptive fields for local function at the brainstem level [44]. The strength of information processing performed by a cortical circuit depends on the number of interneuronal connections or synapses. Morphologica ...
... to take care of large receptive fields, reaching the conscious level, and others of small receptive fields for local function at the brainstem level [44]. The strength of information processing performed by a cortical circuit depends on the number of interneuronal connections or synapses. Morphologica ...
Analysis of Protein Interactions at Native Chloroplast Membranes by
... interactions between antibodies and various ligands [3], including the analysis of low molecular weight analytes such as pesticides [5] and mycotoxins with detection levels as low as 0.1 ng/ml [6]. TIRE has also been used to determine the binding affinity of the molecular chaperone Hsp70 for a solub ...
... interactions between antibodies and various ligands [3], including the analysis of low molecular weight analytes such as pesticides [5] and mycotoxins with detection levels as low as 0.1 ng/ml [6]. TIRE has also been used to determine the binding affinity of the molecular chaperone Hsp70 for a solub ...
Molecular neuroscience
Molecular neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience that observes concepts in molecular biology applied to the nervous systems of animals. The scope of this subject primarily pertains to a reductionist view of neuroscience, considering topics such as molecular neuroanatomy, mechanisms of molecular signaling in the nervous system, the effects of genetics on neuronal development, and the molecular basis for neuroplasticity and neurodegenerative diseases. As with molecular biology, molecular neuroscience is a relatively new field that is considerably dynamic.