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Involvement of GABAergic and cholinergic medial septal neurons in
Involvement of GABAergic and cholinergic medial septal neurons in

... various phenomena, including attention and acquisition of sensory information. Two types of HPC␪ (types I and II) exist based on pharmacological, behavioral, and electrophysiological characteristics. Both types occur during locomotion, whereas only type II (atropine-sensitive) is present under ureth ...
INFUSION OF NERVE GROWTH FACTOR (NGF) INTO KITTEN
INFUSION OF NERVE GROWTH FACTOR (NGF) INTO KITTEN

... was employed (Stryker and Harris, 1986). Again, seven ocular dominance categories were used, but in this case, category number 1 contained units which responded only to visual stimulation of the eye contralateral to the hemisphere being recorded, category 7 had units responsive only to ipsilateral s ...
Functional Heterogeneity in the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis
Functional Heterogeneity in the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis

... Various types of short-lived defensive responses elicited by imminent threats. Whereas fear is accompanied by feelings of fright in humans, it is unclear whether animals also experienced such states Various types of enduring responses elicited by diffuse and uncertain treats. Whereas anxiety is acco ...
Chemical Transmitters and Modulation of Sleep
Chemical Transmitters and Modulation of Sleep

... changes in the availability of cell surface receptors across behavioral states. We show that following sleep deprivation, the presence and the intensity of GABAARs on the BF cholinergie cell membrane were increased. Such activity dependent changes of GABAARs could underlie homeostatic regulation ofw ...
CURRICULUM VITAE - Test - University of South Florida
CURRICULUM VITAE - Test - University of South Florida

... protective reflexes such as cough and swallow as well as responses to hypoxia, hyper- and hypocapnia, and lung inflation. Our methods include extracellular spike train recording in vivo, computer assisted data entry and analysis (statistical measurement of cardiorespiratory modulation, cycle trigger ...
Bischoff_Thesis_notes
Bischoff_Thesis_notes

Table of Contents
Table of Contents

... is an interneuron (White et al., 1986). Although Ascaris and C. elegans are diverged by 500 million years, their nervous systems are remarkably conserved. In Ascaris, a nearly equivalent set of 26 major GABA-synthesizing neurons were identified by immunostaining (Guastella et al., 1991; Johnson and ...
- Journal of Vestibular Research
- Journal of Vestibular Research

... D Abstract- This theoretical paper describes the "intrinsic mechanism hypothesis," a new hypothesis of vestibular compensation, the behavioral recovery that follows unilateral deafferentation of the vestibular labyrinth (UVD). The most salient characteristic of vestibular compensation is the decreas ...
Mice Lacking M1 and M3 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Have
Mice Lacking M1 and M3 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Have

... statistical power for our t-tests. Using this software, we found that our reported significant differences had a power level of 99%–99.99%. The sample size for each experiment ranged from 4 to 23 mice and we only used males for our experiments to avoid incorporating an additional variable (estrous c ...
MODELING THE MIRROR: GRASP LEARNING AND ACTION
MODELING THE MIRROR: GRASP LEARNING AND ACTION

Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex: A Bottom-Up View
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex: A Bottom-Up View

... Hoesen 1998, Van Hoesen et al. 1993, Vogt & Pandya 1987) (Figure 1a). They include prominent projections to and from the major brain systems that are associated with emotion [amygdala, hypothalamus, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), insula, ventral striatum], cognition and executive control (d ...
- CUNY Academic Works
- CUNY Academic Works

neuronal reward and decision signals: from theories to data
neuronal reward and decision signals: from theories to data

Theta Modulation in the Medial and the Lateral Entorhinal Cortices
Theta Modulation in the Medial and the Lateral Entorhinal Cortices

... doi:10.1152/jn.01141.2009. Hippocampal neurons show a strong modulation by theta frequency oscillations. This modulation is thought to be important not only for temporal encoding and decoding of information in the hippocampal system, but also for temporal ordering of neuronal activities on timescale ...
Spinal sympathetic interneurons: Their identification and roles after
Spinal sympathetic interneurons: Their identification and roles after

... Abstract: Primary afferent neurons rarely, if ever, synapse on the sympathetic preganglionic neurons that regulate the cardiovascular system, nor do sympathetic preganglionic neurons normally exhibit spontaneous activity in the absence of excitatory inputs. Therefore, after serious spinal cord injur ...
The subfornical organ: A central nervous system site for actions of
The subfornical organ: A central nervous system site for actions of

... KA, Ferguson AV. The subfornical organ: a central nervous system site for actions of circulating leptin. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 296: R512–R520, 2009. First published November 21, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.90858.2008.—Adipose tissue plays a critical role in energy homeostasis, secreti ...
Prelimbic to Accumbens Core Pathway Is Recruited in a Dopamine
Prelimbic to Accumbens Core Pathway Is Recruited in a Dopamine

... Fos and CTb quantification. Mounted tissue sections were photographed using Leica microscopes and Stereoinvestigator (MBF Bioscience) or OpenLab (Improvision) software. CTb injection sites in the NAcC and NAcSh were photographed using a 5⫻ objective and compared with rat brain atlas sections (1.92 m ...
PDF
PDF

... We propose that Neurabin functions as a scaffold to facilitate SAD-1-mediated phosphorylation for substrates specific for restricting axonal fate during neuronal polarization. ...
basic mechanisms of sleep
basic mechanisms of sleep

... the more specific organization of those systems in the control of the alternation of wake, non–rapid eye movement (NREM), and REM sleep. Although the main focus of the chapter is on the our own model of reciprocal aminergic-cholinergic interaction, we review new data suggesting the involvement of ma ...
Are there differences between the secretion characteristics of NGF
Are there differences between the secretion characteristics of NGF

... In previous experiments the activity-dependent secretion of nerve growth factor (NGF) from native hippocampal slices and from NGF-cDNA transfected hippocampal neurons showed unusual characteristics [Blöchl and Thoenen (1995) Eur J Neurosci 7:1220–1228; (1996) Mol Cell Neurosci 7:173–190]. In both h ...
Essential Roles for GSK-3s and GSK-3
Essential Roles for GSK-3s and GSK-3

... animals maintained for 6 days and stained with antibodies to tau to reveal axons and MAP2 to reveal dendrites, virtually all neurons in GSK-3b null mice exhibited a single long tau+ process (Figures 1B and 1C). Both GSK-3a and b Are Expressed throughout the Embryonic Nervous System Phospho-GSK-3a an ...
Implication of novel neurotransmitter systems in the regulation of
Implication of novel neurotransmitter systems in the regulation of

... In most species, the majority of GnRH neurons are oval or fusiform in shape, with a maximum diameter of 10 to 20 µm. The fine structural properties of these neurons do not differ from the general neuronal attributes, except that some of the GnRH nerve cells are ciliated (8, 15). Most of the GnRH neu ...
Taste, olfactory, and food reward value processing
Taste, olfactory, and food reward value processing

Cerebellar control of visceral responses–possible mechanisms
Cerebellar control of visceral responses–possible mechanisms

... the white matter is likely to be excited as well, due to extensive folding of the cerebellum. Therefore climbing and mossy fibers, which both send excitatory collaterals to the nuclear neurons, may be antidromically excited in addition to the stimulation of the Purkinje cell axons. The net result on ...
Delineation of motoneuron subgroups supplying
Delineation of motoneuron subgroups supplying

... movement types, e.g. saccades and the vestibulo-ocular reflex, are well studied in monkey, and they form the basis for assessing the homologous brain structures in humans, for example in clinical cases of eye movement disorders (Horn and Leigh, 2011; Kennard, 2011). However, different species have d ...
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Neural coding

Neural coding is a neuroscience-related field concerned with characterizing the relationship between the stimulus and the individual or ensemble neuronal responses and the relationship among the electrical activity of the neurons in the ensemble. Based on the theory thatsensory and other information is represented in the brain by networks of neurons, it is thought that neurons can encode both digital and analog information.
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