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notes as
notes as

... Coarse coding in the visual system • As we get further from the retina the receptive fields of neurons get bigger and bigger and require more complicated patterns. – Most neuroscientists interpret this as neurons exhibiting invariance. – But its also just what would be needed if neurons wanted to a ...
Lecture 5: Distributed Representations
Lecture 5: Distributed Representations

... Coarse coding in the visual system • As we get further from the retina the receptive fields of neurons get bigger and bigger and require more complicated patterns. – Most neuroscientists interpret this as neurons exhibiting invariance. – But its also just what would be needed if neurons wanted to a ...
Practice Quiz - Kingsborough Community College
Practice Quiz - Kingsborough Community College

... 5. The sympathetic chain ganglia are found a. from cervical to coccygeal regions on either side of the vertebral column b. alongside the thoracic region of the vertebral column c. alongside the cervical and sacral regions of the vertebral column d. alongside the lumbar area of the vertebral column ...
ANPS 019 Black 11-14
ANPS 019 Black 11-14

... Vestibule – balance Semicircular canals – balance Cochlea – auditory VIBRATION OF TYMPANIC MEMBRANE Converts sound waves at tympanic membrane into movement of fluids in membranous labyrinth of cochlea AUDITORY RECEPTORS LIKE WITHIN THE ORGAN OF CORTI OF THE COCHLEA ...
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learning objectives for nervous tissue and nervous system
learning objectives for nervous tissue and nervous system

... 8. What are four generalizations that can be made about cerebral cortex functions? 9. Where are the cortical areas controlling motor functions? Describe basic function of primary (somatic) motor area, premotor cortex, and Broca's area. 10. Where are the general areas controlling sensation? Describe ...
A quantitative theory of neural computation  Cambridge, MA 02138
A quantitative theory of neural computation Cambridge, MA 02138

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CH 14 brain cranial nerves shortened for test 4 A and P 2016
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Trauma and Brain Neurobiology
Trauma and Brain Neurobiology

... The brain makes associations between sensory signals that co-occur in any given moment in time. This capacity allows us to survive but it also makes us vulnerable to false associations. These false associations impact children in a number of ways. They can cause a traumatized child to jump at a lou ...
Chapter 9-中樞神經系統檔案
Chapter 9-中樞神經系統檔案

... Figure 9.4 Blood-brain barrier. (a) Typical capillaries (found in most regions of the body). Whereas exchange of small hydrophilic molecules occurs by simple diffusion between blood and interstitial fluid through pores, proteins are too large to cross through pores; some proteins are transported acr ...
Chapter 9-中樞神經系統檔案
Chapter 9-中樞神經系統檔案

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29.2 Neurons - Cloudfront.net
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B6 – Brain and mind - The Bicester School
B6 – Brain and mind - The Bicester School

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... • Occulomotor nerve (CN III) nucleus , which controls movements of some eye muscles . • Trochlear nerve (CN IV) nucleus which also controls movements of some eye muscles . • Red Nucleus: gives out Sends Rubrospinal tract which is inhibitory to spinal Gamma Efferents neurons ( & stretch reflex /muscl ...
BIOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL SHAPING OF MIND AND BEHAVIOUR
BIOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL SHAPING OF MIND AND BEHAVIOUR

... are three main structures of a neuron. They are the cell body (soma), the dendrites, and the axons. A brief description of these structures is as follows. (1) The soma, or the cell body, is the largest part of the neuron. It regulates and controls the metabolism and maintenance of the entire cell. T ...
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Review of Thoracic and Abdominal Autonomics

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KKDP4: The role of neurotransmitters in the transmission of neural
KKDP4: The role of neurotransmitters in the transmission of neural

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sion to superior salivatory neurons in rats

... participate in essential functions such as reflexes in daily life, the synaptic functions of the brainstem and spinal cord may mature relatively earlier than those of the forebrain. ...
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THE CEREBRUM (sah REB brum) LOCATION The cerebrum is the

... It receives direct or indirect nerve impulses from the various sense organs of the body (with the exception of olfactory sensations). These nerve impulses are then relayed to the cerebral cortex. The thalamus also receives nerve impulse? from the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and other areas of the b ...
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... sound of aero plane. The he was about to fall but in the next moment he could control himself. In this event two special organs co-ordinated the works. a. What is sense organ? b. What is meant by binocular vision? c. Describe the process of function of the mentioned organ which function with light. ...
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Document

... 5 to 50 times more numerous do NOT generate electrical impulses divide by mitosis Four types in the CNS ...
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Document

... 3. a. Name two region in brain have centers that help regulate breathing. Pons, medulla oblongata b. Name the region in the brain where all sensory except one sensory information pass through. What is the exception of sensory? Thalamus; smell c. Name two region of the body have a lot of sensory and ...
Chapter 13
Chapter 13

... Na+ leaking into the cell ...
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Circumventricular organs

Circumventricular organs (CVOs) are structures in the brain that are characterized by their extensive vasculature and lack of a normal blood brain barrier (BBB). The CVOs allow for the linkage between the central nervous system and peripheral blood flow; additionally they are an integral part of neuroendocrine function. The lack of a blood brain barrier allows the CVOs to act as an alternative route for peptides and hormones in the neural tissue to the peripheral blood stream, while still protecting it from toxic substances. CVOs can be classified into (a) sensory and (b) secretory organs. The sensory organs include the area postrema (AP), the subfornical organ (SFO) and the vascular organ of lamina terminalis. They have the ability to sense plasma molecules and then pass that information into other regions of the brain. Through this, they provide direct information to the autonomic nervous system from the systemic circulation. The secretory organs include the subcommissural organ (SCO), the posterior pituitary, the pineal gland, the median eminence and the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. These organs are responsible for secreting hormones and glycoproteins into the peripheral vascular system using feedback from both the brain environment and external stimuli.All of the circumventricular organs, besides the SCO, contain extensive vasculature and fenestrated capillaries which leads to a ‘leaky’ BBB at the site of the organs. Furthermore, all CVOs contain neural tissue, allowing them to play a role in the neuroendocrine system. It is highly debated if the choroid plexus can be included as a CVO. It has a high concentration of fenestrated capillaries, but its lack of neural tissue and its primary role of producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) usually excludes the choroid plexus from the CVO classification.Research has also linked CVOs to body fluid regulation, cardiovascular functions, immune responses, thirst, feeding behavior and reproductive behavior.
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