Assembly and Function of Spinal Circuits for Motor Control
... family of transcription factors to regulate the expression profile of two classes of homeodomain (HD) transcription factors (Class I/Class II) in the ventral spinal cord (Shirasaki & Pfaff 2002). Shh induces expression of the more ventrally expressed Class II protein genes, whereas genes encoding Cl ...
... family of transcription factors to regulate the expression profile of two classes of homeodomain (HD) transcription factors (Class I/Class II) in the ventral spinal cord (Shirasaki & Pfaff 2002). Shh induces expression of the more ventrally expressed Class II protein genes, whereas genes encoding Cl ...
Neuron Production, Neuron Number, and Structure Size Are
... activity and spatial information processing for food storing begin. Chickadees that had received injections of the cell birth marker [3H] thymidine in October and were sacrificed 6 weeks later had more labeled neurons in the hippocampal formation (HF) than chickadees injected in any other month of t ...
... activity and spatial information processing for food storing begin. Chickadees that had received injections of the cell birth marker [3H] thymidine in October and were sacrificed 6 weeks later had more labeled neurons in the hippocampal formation (HF) than chickadees injected in any other month of t ...
Auto-structure of presynaptic activity defines postsynaptic firing
... A prior step in demonstrating that deviations from Poissonian firing can modulate the structure formation in recurrent networks based on neuronal plasticity like STDP, is to show first that different variations of non-Poissonian presynaptic activity impact the postsynaptic spiking activity of a neur ...
... A prior step in demonstrating that deviations from Poissonian firing can modulate the structure formation in recurrent networks based on neuronal plasticity like STDP, is to show first that different variations of non-Poissonian presynaptic activity impact the postsynaptic spiking activity of a neur ...
mechanisms and biological role of thalamocortical oscillations
... various oscillatory activities and/or mediated some of them. The electrophysiological identification of a TC neuron is shown in Fig. 2. Usually, a small depolarization of TC neurons with intracellular DC current pulses produces passive response (not shown). Progressive increase in the intensity of t ...
... various oscillatory activities and/or mediated some of them. The electrophysiological identification of a TC neuron is shown in Fig. 2. Usually, a small depolarization of TC neurons with intracellular DC current pulses produces passive response (not shown). Progressive increase in the intensity of t ...
Opposite rheological properties of neuronal microcompartments
... power law exponent b (Fig. 3D) of both microcompartments were statistically similar for short (Dt 5 850 ms) and long (Dt 5 12 s) force pulses. These results demonstrate that the mechanical behaviors of somas and neurites are time-scale independent, within the range probed. We then measured the force ...
... power law exponent b (Fig. 3D) of both microcompartments were statistically similar for short (Dt 5 850 ms) and long (Dt 5 12 s) force pulses. These results demonstrate that the mechanical behaviors of somas and neurites are time-scale independent, within the range probed. We then measured the force ...
Neural Compensations After Lesion of the Cerebral Cortex
... We hasten to point out, however, that this reorganization is insufficient to influence recovery of skilled motor sequences or of species typical behaviors (e.g., food hoarding, nest building, social behavior). Nevertheless, the brain-behavior correlation with at least some functional compensation is ...
... We hasten to point out, however, that this reorganization is insufficient to influence recovery of skilled motor sequences or of species typical behaviors (e.g., food hoarding, nest building, social behavior). Nevertheless, the brain-behavior correlation with at least some functional compensation is ...
i BASAL GANGLIA PATHWAYS: BEYOND THE CLOSED
... Figure 1-5: Origin of pallidal projections to M1, PMv, SMA, area 46, and area 9. ......... 17 Figure 1-6: Origin of nigral projections to the FEF, areas TE, 12, 9m, and 9l. ................ 17 Figure 1-7: Summary map of pallidal output channels. .................................................. 19 ...
... Figure 1-5: Origin of pallidal projections to M1, PMv, SMA, area 46, and area 9. ......... 17 Figure 1-6: Origin of nigral projections to the FEF, areas TE, 12, 9m, and 9l. ................ 17 Figure 1-7: Summary map of pallidal output channels. .................................................. 19 ...
Serotonin release from the neuronal cell body and its long
... failures of our favourite tennis player mentioned above may be due to anxiety, a lack of concentration and even depression, with all of these problems involving the serotonergic system. Several aspects of serotonergic systems of vertebrates and invertebrates are quite striking. As a general rule ser ...
... failures of our favourite tennis player mentioned above may be due to anxiety, a lack of concentration and even depression, with all of these problems involving the serotonergic system. Several aspects of serotonergic systems of vertebrates and invertebrates are quite striking. As a general rule ser ...
Dr. Ghassan The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS): After studying
... the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems. Finally, the preganglionic neuron may travel to the adrenal medulla and synapse directly with this glandular tissue. The cells of the adrenal medulla have the same embryonic origin as neural tissue and, in fact, function as modified postganglionic ne ...
... the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems. Finally, the preganglionic neuron may travel to the adrenal medulla and synapse directly with this glandular tissue. The cells of the adrenal medulla have the same embryonic origin as neural tissue and, in fact, function as modified postganglionic ne ...
How does an axon know where to go?
... - A growth cone is an enlargement at the end of a growing axon. - Contains several finger-like projections that are called filopodia and sheet-like projections called lamellipodia. - Filopodia and lamellipodia contain actin-filaments. - The growth cone core or central domain contains microtubules, m ...
... - A growth cone is an enlargement at the end of a growing axon. - Contains several finger-like projections that are called filopodia and sheet-like projections called lamellipodia. - Filopodia and lamellipodia contain actin-filaments. - The growth cone core or central domain contains microtubules, m ...
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... a given stimulus was estimated by adding all of the areas of the penetrations that responded, divided by the total area of A1. This measure allows higher sampling of cortical regions of particular interest without introducing bias into group data because densely sampled regions result in smaller pol ...
... a given stimulus was estimated by adding all of the areas of the penetrations that responded, divided by the total area of A1. This measure allows higher sampling of cortical regions of particular interest without introducing bias into group data because densely sampled regions result in smaller pol ...
Structure and Function of Visual Area MT
... Gestalt map of major routes into MT in the manner of Felleman & Van Essen (1991). Line thickness is roughly proportional to the magnitude of the inputs, on the basis of a combination of projection neuron numbers and, where data are available, the characteristics of their axon terminals (see Figure 3 ...
... Gestalt map of major routes into MT in the manner of Felleman & Van Essen (1991). Line thickness is roughly proportional to the magnitude of the inputs, on the basis of a combination of projection neuron numbers and, where data are available, the characteristics of their axon terminals (see Figure 3 ...
Guzowski et al - Psychology and Neuroscience
... This uncertainty stems from the methodologies used in most IEG studies, which have made it difficult to distinguish gene induction that is specifically linked to information processing from activity that may be due to stress, novelty, motor activity or other processes that accompany the behavioral r ...
... This uncertainty stems from the methodologies used in most IEG studies, which have made it difficult to distinguish gene induction that is specifically linked to information processing from activity that may be due to stress, novelty, motor activity or other processes that accompany the behavioral r ...
6th ANNUAL NEUROSCIENCE, BEHAVIOR AND HEALTH RESEARCH FORUM The University of Vermont
... Viral DNA integration into the host genome is required for retroviral replication and also occurs with many non-retroviruses. Converging evidence implies that viral integration may trigger numerous diseases, such as the herpes simplex virus-1 with Alzheimer’s disease. Bornavirus can integrate into t ...
... Viral DNA integration into the host genome is required for retroviral replication and also occurs with many non-retroviruses. Converging evidence implies that viral integration may trigger numerous diseases, such as the herpes simplex virus-1 with Alzheimer’s disease. Bornavirus can integrate into t ...
Regents Biology - I Love Science
... nerves that your go from spinal the cord called central spinal nervous nerves. to system Spinal your nerves are skeletal made up of muscles. bundles of The sensory autonomic and motor system neurons controls bound involuntary together by actionsconnective those not tissue. For under this conscious R ...
... nerves that your go from spinal the cord called central spinal nervous nerves. to system Spinal your nerves are skeletal made up of muscles. bundles of The sensory autonomic and motor system neurons controls bound involuntary together by actionsconnective those not tissue. For under this conscious R ...
Rapid Changes in Synaptic Vesicle Cytochemistry
... ABstrAct Sympathetic neurons taken from rat superior cervical ganglia and grown in culture acquire cholinergic function under certain conditions. These cholinergic sympathetic neurons, however, retain a number of adrenergic properties, including the enzymes involved in the synthesis of norepinephrin ...
... ABstrAct Sympathetic neurons taken from rat superior cervical ganglia and grown in culture acquire cholinergic function under certain conditions. These cholinergic sympathetic neurons, however, retain a number of adrenergic properties, including the enzymes involved in the synthesis of norepinephrin ...
Eye movement control by the cerebral cortex
... function with eye movements. In this paradigm, the participant has to memorize the location of a target flashed in the peripheral visual field while fixating a central point, and then, after a delay of several seconds or more, make a memory-guided saccade to the remembered position of the flash. The amp ...
... function with eye movements. In this paradigm, the participant has to memorize the location of a target flashed in the peripheral visual field while fixating a central point, and then, after a delay of several seconds or more, make a memory-guided saccade to the remembered position of the flash. The amp ...
Chapter 4 The role of the sensory
... of Liberman‟s theory is that speech perception and speech production share the same set of invariant physical processes. In this way, incorporating a biologically-based link between perception and production, prevent listeners from hearing the linguistic signals as a mere chain of sounds, making pos ...
... of Liberman‟s theory is that speech perception and speech production share the same set of invariant physical processes. In this way, incorporating a biologically-based link between perception and production, prevent listeners from hearing the linguistic signals as a mere chain of sounds, making pos ...
NEUROTRANSMITTERS II.
... Stimulate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) release from anterior pituitary Stimulate prolactin release from anterior pituitary ...
... Stimulate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) release from anterior pituitary Stimulate prolactin release from anterior pituitary ...
Prediction error for free monetary reward in the human prefrontal
... Studies in both humans and nonhuman primates have shown that frontostriatal circuits are important for mediating the influence of reward expectation on the selection and preparation of actions. Specific dopamine-rich regions within the prefrontal cortex (Goldman-Rakic et al., 1992; Lidow et al., 199 ...
... Studies in both humans and nonhuman primates have shown that frontostriatal circuits are important for mediating the influence of reward expectation on the selection and preparation of actions. Specific dopamine-rich regions within the prefrontal cortex (Goldman-Rakic et al., 1992; Lidow et al., 199 ...
NAlab07_AuditVest
... patient by electrically stimulating this thalamic region. From the ventral posterior nucleus, vestibular information projects to two regions of the parietal lobe (NTA Fig. 7-10). One region is located in the posterior parietal cortex immediately caudal to the primary somatosensory cortex (termed ves ...
... patient by electrically stimulating this thalamic region. From the ventral posterior nucleus, vestibular information projects to two regions of the parietal lobe (NTA Fig. 7-10). One region is located in the posterior parietal cortex immediately caudal to the primary somatosensory cortex (termed ves ...