Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... intervals (ISIs). (A) data from recordings of one cortical cell (Brodmann’s area 46) that fired without task-relevant characteristics with an average firing rate of about 15 spikes/s. The coefficient of variation of the spike trains is Cv ≈ 1.09. (B) Simulated data from a Poisson distributed spike t ...
... intervals (ISIs). (A) data from recordings of one cortical cell (Brodmann’s area 46) that fired without task-relevant characteristics with an average firing rate of about 15 spikes/s. The coefficient of variation of the spike trains is Cv ≈ 1.09. (B) Simulated data from a Poisson distributed spike t ...
Distinct Neuropathologic Phenotypes After Disrupting the
... were different for each mouse model, with the following sampling schemes used: For Nissl-stained sections in Clcn7j/j and gl mice: lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) grid 125 125 Km, frame 74 42 Km; ventral posterior thalamic nucleus (VPM/VPL), grid 175 175 Km, frame 74 43 Km; medial geniculat ...
... were different for each mouse model, with the following sampling schemes used: For Nissl-stained sections in Clcn7j/j and gl mice: lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) grid 125 125 Km, frame 74 42 Km; ventral posterior thalamic nucleus (VPM/VPL), grid 175 175 Km, frame 74 43 Km; medial geniculat ...
Neuro-Opthalmology (Developments in Ophthalmology, Vol. 40)
... in the oculomotor, trochlear and abducens motor nuclei, and are contacted by several relatively independent premotor networks, which generate different types of eye movements such as saccades, vestibulo-ocular reflexes, optokinetic responses, smooth pursuit convergence or gaze-holding. In each motor ...
... in the oculomotor, trochlear and abducens motor nuclei, and are contacted by several relatively independent premotor networks, which generate different types of eye movements such as saccades, vestibulo-ocular reflexes, optokinetic responses, smooth pursuit convergence or gaze-holding. In each motor ...
- The Human Brain
... 'positive' nature (tremor, involuntary movements, . . .) : they involve an excess of activity : such symptoms hardly can arise from destructive pathology . Pathological examination shows eventually destroyed structures, but it does not reveal which of the surviving regions are responsible for the 'p ...
... 'positive' nature (tremor, involuntary movements, . . .) : they involve an excess of activity : such symptoms hardly can arise from destructive pathology . Pathological examination shows eventually destroyed structures, but it does not reveal which of the surviving regions are responsible for the 'p ...
Descending motor pathways and the spinal
... capitis, rectus capitis ventralis and rectus capitis lateralis), the sterno- and cleidomastoid muscles and the trapezius. All hypaxial muscles are involved in ventral and lateral flexion of head and neck The upper portion of the trapezius muscle, the clavotrapezius, overlies all dorsal neck muscles ...
... capitis, rectus capitis ventralis and rectus capitis lateralis), the sterno- and cleidomastoid muscles and the trapezius. All hypaxial muscles are involved in ventral and lateral flexion of head and neck The upper portion of the trapezius muscle, the clavotrapezius, overlies all dorsal neck muscles ...
Projection patterns from the amygdaloid nuclear complex to
... injected into the lateral wing subdivision (Fig. 1C, R106; Fig. 1D, R127) at intermediate levels of the DR. Individual cases representing midline (Fig. 2A, R119) or lateral wing (Fig. 2B, R127) injections are depicted to show the distribution of retrogradely labeled cells along the rostrocaudal exte ...
... injected into the lateral wing subdivision (Fig. 1C, R106; Fig. 1D, R127) at intermediate levels of the DR. Individual cases representing midline (Fig. 2A, R119) or lateral wing (Fig. 2B, R127) injections are depicted to show the distribution of retrogradely labeled cells along the rostrocaudal exte ...
Prefrontal Phase Locking to Hippocampal Theta Oscillations
... these interactions, we monitored the simultaneous activity of multiple single neurons in the hippocampus and mPFC of freely behaving rats using chronic multitetrode recordings. Here, we focus on characterizing the timing relationships between neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex and the ...
... these interactions, we monitored the simultaneous activity of multiple single neurons in the hippocampus and mPFC of freely behaving rats using chronic multitetrode recordings. Here, we focus on characterizing the timing relationships between neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex and the ...
The Locus Ceruleus Responds to Signaling Molecules Obtained
... NGF immunofluorescence. Chicken brain sections of 12 m were treated with 1 mg/ml trypsin for 3 min and then incubated with the primary antibody (1:100) in 0.1% Triton X-100 overnight; the sections were incubated with biotinylated goat-anti-rabbit secondary antibody (1:500) followed by streptavidin ...
... NGF immunofluorescence. Chicken brain sections of 12 m were treated with 1 mg/ml trypsin for 3 min and then incubated with the primary antibody (1:100) in 0.1% Triton X-100 overnight; the sections were incubated with biotinylated goat-anti-rabbit secondary antibody (1:500) followed by streptavidin ...
Learned Movements Elicited by Direct Stimulation of Cerebellar
... An example is seen in Figure 4C (lower right). When the stimulation electrode was withdrawn about 100 mm, these responses disappeared, while the long latency responses remained. Apart from this, there was no trace of any short latency EMG activity elicited by the MCP stimulation. The observations th ...
... An example is seen in Figure 4C (lower right). When the stimulation electrode was withdrawn about 100 mm, these responses disappeared, while the long latency responses remained. Apart from this, there was no trace of any short latency EMG activity elicited by the MCP stimulation. The observations th ...
Vagal Ischemia Induced Lung Immune Component Infarct Following
... irreversible axonal injury of the vagal nerve in late stage SAH (4,5). The Hering-Breuer reflex may also be abolished during acutely developed cerebral ischemia that could be restored by recovery of ischemic cerebral processes (7). Bilateral vagal nerve stimulation causes bronchoconstriction (24) th ...
... irreversible axonal injury of the vagal nerve in late stage SAH (4,5). The Hering-Breuer reflex may also be abolished during acutely developed cerebral ischemia that could be restored by recovery of ischemic cerebral processes (7). Bilateral vagal nerve stimulation causes bronchoconstriction (24) th ...
MUSCLES INVOLVED IN RESPIRATION
... • In most joints, it is the major factor controlling stability. • The short muscles around the shoulder joint keeps the head of the humerus in the shallow glenoid cavity. ...
... • In most joints, it is the major factor controlling stability. • The short muscles around the shoulder joint keeps the head of the humerus in the shallow glenoid cavity. ...
MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY IN ADULT MAMMALIAN SENSORY CORTEX
... Experience-dependent changes in synaptic composition and function (synaptic plasticity) underlie many brain functions including learning and memory, formation of sensory maps, as well as the capability to recover from injury. Most of these functions decline with age, supporting the observation that ...
... Experience-dependent changes in synaptic composition and function (synaptic plasticity) underlie many brain functions including learning and memory, formation of sensory maps, as well as the capability to recover from injury. Most of these functions decline with age, supporting the observation that ...
Limbic structures, emotion, and memory
... Brain regions in Tier 2 are also concerned with learning associations between previously neutral stimuli, such as the sight of objects or of individuals’ faces, with primary reinforcers. These brain regions include the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex, with the orbitofrontal cortex being especially ...
... Brain regions in Tier 2 are also concerned with learning associations between previously neutral stimuli, such as the sight of objects or of individuals’ faces, with primary reinforcers. These brain regions include the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex, with the orbitofrontal cortex being especially ...
Neocortical Very Fast Oscillations (Ripples, 80–200 Hz) During
... In a previous study, we have analyzed the presence of neocortical ripples (80 –200 Hz) during natural states of vigilance and under some anesthetics and have shown that these oscillations coincide with increased neuronal depolarization and firing in all types of neocortical neurons (Grenier et al. 2 ...
... In a previous study, we have analyzed the presence of neocortical ripples (80 –200 Hz) during natural states of vigilance and under some anesthetics and have shown that these oscillations coincide with increased neuronal depolarization and firing in all types of neocortical neurons (Grenier et al. 2 ...
Nap, a Novel Member of the Pentraxin Family, Promotes Neurite
... pentraxin family. When cocultured with Narp-secreting COS-1 cells, neurons of cortical explants exhibit enhanced growth of neuronal dendritic processes. Neurite outgrowth-promoting activity is also observed using partially purified Narp and can be specifically immunodepleted, demonstrating that Narp ...
... pentraxin family. When cocultured with Narp-secreting COS-1 cells, neurons of cortical explants exhibit enhanced growth of neuronal dendritic processes. Neurite outgrowth-promoting activity is also observed using partially purified Narp and can be specifically immunodepleted, demonstrating that Narp ...
Wild type human TDP-43 potentiates ALS-linked mutant TDP
... The identification of mutations in the glycine-rich C terminal region of TDP-43 that enhance protein cleavage, aggregation and neurotoxicity confirmed a pathologenic role for TDP-43 mis-accumulation in ALS and FTLD [6, 7, 8]. TDP-43 positive inclusions have also been identified in patients with path ...
... The identification of mutations in the glycine-rich C terminal region of TDP-43 that enhance protein cleavage, aggregation and neurotoxicity confirmed a pathologenic role for TDP-43 mis-accumulation in ALS and FTLD [6, 7, 8]. TDP-43 positive inclusions have also been identified in patients with path ...
Chapter 02: Biopsychology, Neuroscience, and Human Nature
... Incorrect. This term refers to an animal that walks on two feet. Fish are not bipedal animals, yet they adapt very well to their environments. c. specialization d. natural selection Correct. This was the major crux of Darwin's theory of evolution. e. creationism Difficulty: 2 Page Reference: 44 Topi ...
... Incorrect. This term refers to an animal that walks on two feet. Fish are not bipedal animals, yet they adapt very well to their environments. c. specialization d. natural selection Correct. This was the major crux of Darwin's theory of evolution. e. creationism Difficulty: 2 Page Reference: 44 Topi ...
Saccade performance in the nasal and temporal
... is a retinotopic map but more ventral is what Leigh and Zee (1999) call “motormap”. The SC also receives direct input from the parietal eyefield (PEF), the frontal eyefield (FEF) and the supplementary eye field (SEF). The FEF and SEF projects to the caudate nucleus which projetcs to substantia nigra ...
... is a retinotopic map but more ventral is what Leigh and Zee (1999) call “motormap”. The SC also receives direct input from the parietal eyefield (PEF), the frontal eyefield (FEF) and the supplementary eye field (SEF). The FEF and SEF projects to the caudate nucleus which projetcs to substantia nigra ...
Axon Physiology - Physiological Reviews
... pyramidal neurons. A: changes in intracellular Na⫹ during action potentials are largest in the AIS. A L5 pyramidal neuron was filled with the Na⫹-sensitive dye SBFI and the variations in fluorescence measured at different distances from the axon hillock. The signal is larger in the AIS (25 m) and r ...
... pyramidal neurons. A: changes in intracellular Na⫹ during action potentials are largest in the AIS. A L5 pyramidal neuron was filled with the Na⫹-sensitive dye SBFI and the variations in fluorescence measured at different distances from the axon hillock. The signal is larger in the AIS (25 m) and r ...
Spike-based Winner-Take-All Computation in a Multi
... its performance and describing its implementation in a large-scale multi-chip vision system. The winner-take-all is a neuronal network that amplifies the strongest set of inputs and suppresses output from the others. In various neuroscience models, this function is used to make a selection out of a ...
... its performance and describing its implementation in a large-scale multi-chip vision system. The winner-take-all is a neuronal network that amplifies the strongest set of inputs and suppresses output from the others. In various neuroscience models, this function is used to make a selection out of a ...
C:\Vision\15Higher level Pt 2.wpd
... correlators made using microcircuit technology. These are the areas labeled the perigeniculate nucleus, PGN, and the striate cortex. Correlators of this type are usually used to determine the presence of specific patterns of signals and then pass that information to subsequent circuits. The detailed ...
... correlators made using microcircuit technology. These are the areas labeled the perigeniculate nucleus, PGN, and the striate cortex. Correlators of this type are usually used to determine the presence of specific patterns of signals and then pass that information to subsequent circuits. The detailed ...
FREE Sample Here
... A) Neural communication occurs every time an individual moves or has a thought. B) The synapse is the site where the pre-synaptic neuron communicates with the post-synaptic neuron. Incorrect. The neuron before the synapse is called pre-synaptic and the neuron after the synapse is called post-synapti ...
... A) Neural communication occurs every time an individual moves or has a thought. B) The synapse is the site where the pre-synaptic neuron communicates with the post-synaptic neuron. Incorrect. The neuron before the synapse is called pre-synaptic and the neuron after the synapse is called post-synapti ...
FREE Sample Here
... A) Neural communication occurs every time an individual moves or has a thought. B) The synapse is the site where the pre-synaptic neuron communicates with the post-synaptic neuron. Incorrect. The neuron before the synapse is called pre-synaptic and the neuron after the synapse is called post-synapti ...
... A) Neural communication occurs every time an individual moves or has a thought. B) The synapse is the site where the pre-synaptic neuron communicates with the post-synaptic neuron. Incorrect. The neuron before the synapse is called pre-synaptic and the neuron after the synapse is called post-synapti ...