30 Hearing - Semantic Scholar
... Because of the systematic variation in mechanical properties along the basilar membrane, stimulation with a pure tone evokes a complex and elegant movement of the membrane. At any instant the partition displays a pattern of up-and-down motion along its length, with the amplitude greatest at a partic ...
... Because of the systematic variation in mechanical properties along the basilar membrane, stimulation with a pure tone evokes a complex and elegant movement of the membrane. At any instant the partition displays a pattern of up-and-down motion along its length, with the amplitude greatest at a partic ...
Suppression of Neural Responses to Nonoptimal Stimuli Correlates
... relative to some baseline. Similarly, a decrease in the firing rate of a neuron will be termed a “suppression” of the neuron’s response. Enhancement and suppression are also often called “net excitation” and “net inhibition.” We do this to avoid confusion with the words inhibition and excitation, wh ...
... relative to some baseline. Similarly, a decrease in the firing rate of a neuron will be termed a “suppression” of the neuron’s response. Enhancement and suppression are also often called “net excitation” and “net inhibition.” We do this to avoid confusion with the words inhibition and excitation, wh ...
Full-Text PDF
... The use of an in vitro test bed for exploring neuronal population activation offers significant advantages in characterizing stimulus-evoked effects. One highlight is the ease of access to a homogenous population of neurons that can be grown directly atop a micro electrode array. Neurons can be stim ...
... The use of an in vitro test bed for exploring neuronal population activation offers significant advantages in characterizing stimulus-evoked effects. One highlight is the ease of access to a homogenous population of neurons that can be grown directly atop a micro electrode array. Neurons can be stim ...
Chapter 5: Sensation and Perception SW
... arena during a basketball game, very few people would notice. The cell phone brightness does not change, but its ability to be detected as a change in illumination varies dramatically between the two contexts. Ernst Weber proposed this theory of change in dierence threshold in the 1830s, and it has ...
... arena during a basketball game, very few people would notice. The cell phone brightness does not change, but its ability to be detected as a change in illumination varies dramatically between the two contexts. Ernst Weber proposed this theory of change in dierence threshold in the 1830s, and it has ...
Sensory Regeneration in Arthropods: Implications of Homoeosis
... An element of paradox was there, virtually unnoticed, for decades: arthropods arthropods is partially resolved with the have long had the reputation for fixity of recognition that much of the normal develneural function and yet they were cele- opment of the arthropod is post-embrybrated for their ca ...
... An element of paradox was there, virtually unnoticed, for decades: arthropods arthropods is partially resolved with the have long had the reputation for fixity of recognition that much of the normal develneural function and yet they were cele- opment of the arthropod is post-embrybrated for their ca ...
session 36 - E-Learning/An-Najah National University
... the lungs; and brings about many other effects that help the individual cope with the stressor. Dilation of blood vessels in skeletal muscles (so that one can run faster or fight better) and withdrawal of blood from the digestive organs (so that the bulk of the blood can be used to serve the heart, ...
... the lungs; and brings about many other effects that help the individual cope with the stressor. Dilation of blood vessels in skeletal muscles (so that one can run faster or fight better) and withdrawal of blood from the digestive organs (so that the bulk of the blood can be used to serve the heart, ...
15 - phschool.com
... makes our mouths water. A sudden clap of thunder makes us jump. These stimuli and many others continually greet us and are interpreted by our nervous systems. We are usually told that we have five senses: touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing. Actually, touch reflects the activity of the general s ...
... makes our mouths water. A sudden clap of thunder makes us jump. These stimuli and many others continually greet us and are interpreted by our nervous systems. We are usually told that we have five senses: touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing. Actually, touch reflects the activity of the general s ...
Dec11
... The phylum name comes from their ability to sting by discharging nematocysts. This animation (Audio - Important) illustrates the function of a nematocyst. The cnidarian body is not complex. There are two main body plans , the medusa and the polyp. The medusa resembles an umbrella and floats like a t ...
... The phylum name comes from their ability to sting by discharging nematocysts. This animation (Audio - Important) illustrates the function of a nematocyst. The cnidarian body is not complex. There are two main body plans , the medusa and the polyp. The medusa resembles an umbrella and floats like a t ...
Pituitary handout
... Receptor: single-transmembrane tyrosine kinase, in breast. Actions: Principal role in preparation for lactation. There is a marked increase in the number of PRL cells in pregnancy, to the extent that the pituitary size nearly doubles. PRL stimulates the development and growth of secretory alveoli in ...
... Receptor: single-transmembrane tyrosine kinase, in breast. Actions: Principal role in preparation for lactation. There is a marked increase in the number of PRL cells in pregnancy, to the extent that the pituitary size nearly doubles. PRL stimulates the development and growth of secretory alveoli in ...
posterior pituitary
... pituitary gland - pea-sized structure located at the base of the brain. In humans, it consists of two lobes: Anterior Lobe Posterior Lobe ...
... pituitary gland - pea-sized structure located at the base of the brain. In humans, it consists of two lobes: Anterior Lobe Posterior Lobe ...
What exactly does fMRI tell us?
... • BOLD (Blood Oxygen Level Dependent), the most common, provides a mixed signal dependant on: – blood FLOW – blood VOLUME – blood OXYGENATION. ...
... • BOLD (Blood Oxygen Level Dependent), the most common, provides a mixed signal dependant on: – blood FLOW – blood VOLUME – blood OXYGENATION. ...
Cortical Organization Functionally, cortex is classically divided into 3
... _____________ derived from simple sensations. - ex., in humans, there exists between 20 - 40 secondary visual areas; some of these areas are specialized to extract complex forms, whereas others are specialized to detect motion, etc. ...
... _____________ derived from simple sensations. - ex., in humans, there exists between 20 - 40 secondary visual areas; some of these areas are specialized to extract complex forms, whereas others are specialized to detect motion, etc. ...
System of the body (part II: the nervous system) teaching programme
... neurotransmitters, the physiological actions of ENS, as well as receptor structure and molecular mechanism. 2. To master the biosynthesis, storage, release and termination of neurotransmitters, as well as the receptor subtypes and their effect. 3. To master the basic mechanisms of actions of ENS dru ...
... neurotransmitters, the physiological actions of ENS, as well as receptor structure and molecular mechanism. 2. To master the biosynthesis, storage, release and termination of neurotransmitters, as well as the receptor subtypes and their effect. 3. To master the basic mechanisms of actions of ENS dru ...
Illusions: A Moving Experience
... the mother of one of us (Rogers-Ramachandran) even wallpapered an entire bathroom in a dizzying swirl of such black-and-white patterns. The movement never really attained the status of sophisticated “high art” in the art world. Most vision scientists, on the other hand, found the images to be intrig ...
... the mother of one of us (Rogers-Ramachandran) even wallpapered an entire bathroom in a dizzying swirl of such black-and-white patterns. The movement never really attained the status of sophisticated “high art” in the art world. Most vision scientists, on the other hand, found the images to be intrig ...
Axons
... • Lipid soluble; synthesized on demand from membrane lipids • Bind with G protein–coupled receptors in the brain • Involved in learning and memory ...
... • Lipid soluble; synthesized on demand from membrane lipids • Bind with G protein–coupled receptors in the brain • Involved in learning and memory ...
The amygdala, a part of the brain known for its role in fear, also
... involved in emotion and arousal. Studies going back to the mid-1950s show that the amygdala, located near the hippocampus in the front part of the temporal lobe, serves as a type of watchdog to identify potential threats and danger. Because it is highly interconnected with the senses, the amygdala c ...
... involved in emotion and arousal. Studies going back to the mid-1950s show that the amygdala, located near the hippocampus in the front part of the temporal lobe, serves as a type of watchdog to identify potential threats and danger. Because it is highly interconnected with the senses, the amygdala c ...
The Muscular System
... Stimulation and Contraction of Single Skeletal Muscle Cells ________________ (also called responsiveness or irritability)—ability to receive and respond to a stimulus ________________—ability to __________ when an adequate stimulus is received ________________—ability of muscle cells to be ___ ...
... Stimulation and Contraction of Single Skeletal Muscle Cells ________________ (also called responsiveness or irritability)—ability to receive and respond to a stimulus ________________—ability to __________ when an adequate stimulus is received ________________—ability of muscle cells to be ___ ...
Modelling the Development of Mirror Neurons for Auditory
... The correlation-based weight update has the consequence that units that respond to stimuli that consistently co-vary between the sensory and the motor map become more highly activated due to the strengthening Hebbian weights: covarying signals between the maps result in the same responding units on ...
... The correlation-based weight update has the consequence that units that respond to stimuli that consistently co-vary between the sensory and the motor map become more highly activated due to the strengthening Hebbian weights: covarying signals between the maps result in the same responding units on ...
Brain Receptor Imaging - Society of Nuclear Medicine
... main target for clinical studies (19). Postsynaptic receptors may also be involved in neurodegenerative disorders; they are functionally changed in the course of Parkinson’s disease and by treatment with antiparkinson drugs, and they play an eminent role in schizophrenia and the effect of neurolepti ...
... main target for clinical studies (19). Postsynaptic receptors may also be involved in neurodegenerative disorders; they are functionally changed in the course of Parkinson’s disease and by treatment with antiparkinson drugs, and they play an eminent role in schizophrenia and the effect of neurolepti ...
Computation by Ensemble Synchronization in Recurrent Networks
... combined of two terms: the first term represents local synaptic connections between the different parts of the network, with a depressing dynamics. The second term is an external input, which represents both afferent feed-forward (sensory) inputs, and feedback inputs from other brain areas, innervat ...
... combined of two terms: the first term represents local synaptic connections between the different parts of the network, with a depressing dynamics. The second term is an external input, which represents both afferent feed-forward (sensory) inputs, and feedback inputs from other brain areas, innervat ...
Novel visual stimuli activate a population of neurons
... with 12 images in a standard familiar set used every day that were rewarded, and one (the S¡) that was associated with saline. To test a cell for responsiveness to novel stimuli, one novel image was inserted into the set. If the neuron responded to this novel image, then the main data collection tas ...
... with 12 images in a standard familiar set used every day that were rewarded, and one (the S¡) that was associated with saline. To test a cell for responsiveness to novel stimuli, one novel image was inserted into the set. If the neuron responded to this novel image, then the main data collection tas ...
Stimulus (physiology)
In physiology, a stimulus (plural stimuli) is a detectable change in the internal or external environment. The ability of an organism or organ to respond to external stimuli is called sensitivity. When a stimulus is applied to a sensory receptor, it normally elicits or influences a reflex via stimulus transduction. These sensory receptors can receive information from outside the body, as in touch receptors found in the skin or light receptors in the eye, as well as from inside the body, as in chemoreceptors and mechanorceptors. An internal stimulus is often the first component of a homeostatic control system. External stimuli are capable of producing systemic responses throughout the body, as in the fight-or-flight response. In order for a stimulus to be detected with high probability, its level must exceed the absolute threshold; if a signal does reach threshold, the information is transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), where it is integrated and a decision on how to react is made. Although stimuli commonly cause the body to respond, it is the CNS that finally determines whether a signal causes a reaction or not.