From Thought to Action
... defines the boundaries of the cell. Within the cell, organelles are involved in the controlled production and interaction of proteins, sugars, nucleotides, and other molecular constituents. The processes that define the state of the nervous system occur on multiple scales, from molecular interaction ...
... defines the boundaries of the cell. Within the cell, organelles are involved in the controlled production and interaction of proteins, sugars, nucleotides, and other molecular constituents. The processes that define the state of the nervous system occur on multiple scales, from molecular interaction ...
A behavioral switch: cGMP and PKC signaling in olfactory neurons
... compact nervous system with 302 neurons allows functions to be mapped to specific cell types. C. elegans is attracted to chemicals sensed by two pairs of olfactory neurons called AWC and AWA and a pair of gustatory neurons called ASE (reviewed in Bargmann, 2006). It avoids Publisher's Disclaimer: Th ...
... compact nervous system with 302 neurons allows functions to be mapped to specific cell types. C. elegans is attracted to chemicals sensed by two pairs of olfactory neurons called AWC and AWA and a pair of gustatory neurons called ASE (reviewed in Bargmann, 2006). It avoids Publisher's Disclaimer: Th ...
chapter one
... Neural networks have a large appeal to many researchers due to their great closeness to the structure of the brain, a characteristic not shared by more traditional systems. In an analogy to the brain, an entity made up of interconnected neurons, neural networks are made up of interconnected processi ...
... Neural networks have a large appeal to many researchers due to their great closeness to the structure of the brain, a characteristic not shared by more traditional systems. In an analogy to the brain, an entity made up of interconnected neurons, neural networks are made up of interconnected processi ...
Cell-Type Specific Channelopathies in the Prefrontal Cortex of the
... neurons are found in the fmr1-/y mouse medial PFC (mPFC). In WT and fmr1-/y mice, we infused red retrograde tracer (Lumuflour beads) into the pontine nuclei to label PT neurons and a green tracer into either the contralateral striatum or contralateral mPFC to label IT neurons. In both genotypes, IT ...
... neurons are found in the fmr1-/y mouse medial PFC (mPFC). In WT and fmr1-/y mice, we infused red retrograde tracer (Lumuflour beads) into the pontine nuclei to label PT neurons and a green tracer into either the contralateral striatum or contralateral mPFC to label IT neurons. In both genotypes, IT ...
Patterning and axon guidance of cranial motor neurons
... projections is governed by rostrocaudal and dorsoventral patterning mechanisms that produce a diversity of motor neuron subpopulations with distinct differentiation programmes. Some of the guidance molecules that are involved in elaborating axon projections have also been characterized. However, man ...
... projections is governed by rostrocaudal and dorsoventral patterning mechanisms that produce a diversity of motor neuron subpopulations with distinct differentiation programmes. Some of the guidance molecules that are involved in elaborating axon projections have also been characterized. However, man ...
Biological constraints limit the use of rapamycin
... Background: Rapamycin-induced translocation systems can be used to manipulate biological processes with precise temporal control. These systems are based on rapamycin-induced dimerization of FK506 Binding Protein 12 (FKBP12) with the FKBP Rapamycin Binding (FRB) domain of mammalian target of rapamyc ...
... Background: Rapamycin-induced translocation systems can be used to manipulate biological processes with precise temporal control. These systems are based on rapamycin-induced dimerization of FK506 Binding Protein 12 (FKBP12) with the FKBP Rapamycin Binding (FRB) domain of mammalian target of rapamyc ...
Electrical Synapses in the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus
... a pair at 40 Hz while observing the postsynaptic membrane potential at high gain. To estimate the strength of coupling, a small hyperpolarizing current step (600 msec duration) was injected into one cell while measuring the voltage deflection in that cell (⌬V1) and the coupled cell (⌬V2) (see Fig. 2 ...
... a pair at 40 Hz while observing the postsynaptic membrane potential at high gain. To estimate the strength of coupling, a small hyperpolarizing current step (600 msec duration) was injected into one cell while measuring the voltage deflection in that cell (⌬V1) and the coupled cell (⌬V2) (see Fig. 2 ...
Orcokinin peptides in developing and adult crustacean
... characterization of the peptides in different tissues and species allows us to determine unambiguously which of the peptides are found in the stomatogastric nervous system of each crustacean studied. Despite the extensive biochemical characterization of the orcokinins, relatively little is known of ...
... characterization of the peptides in different tissues and species allows us to determine unambiguously which of the peptides are found in the stomatogastric nervous system of each crustacean studied. Despite the extensive biochemical characterization of the orcokinins, relatively little is known of ...
new techniques for imaging, digitization and analysis of
... handled, and the general requirement for extensive manual editing renders these impractical in most cases for reconstructing entire neurons or multicellular structures at high resolution. New developments in image analysis and visualization are needed to provide faster, more accurate adaptive segmen ...
... handled, and the general requirement for extensive manual editing renders these impractical in most cases for reconstructing entire neurons or multicellular structures at high resolution. New developments in image analysis and visualization are needed to provide faster, more accurate adaptive segmen ...
Phase Precession and Variable Spatial Scaling in a Periodic
... (‘‘conjunctive’’) cells, all exhibiting firing rate increases with running speed as predicted by the model. Thus, all of the components of Samsonovich and McNaughton’s model for path integration appear to be present in the MEC. In further support for path integration via a continuous attractor occurr ...
... (‘‘conjunctive’’) cells, all exhibiting firing rate increases with running speed as predicted by the model. Thus, all of the components of Samsonovich and McNaughton’s model for path integration appear to be present in the MEC. In further support for path integration via a continuous attractor occurr ...
Implications of Polychronous Neuronal Groups for the Nature of Mental Representations
... exhibit STDP are strengthened whenever the post-synaptic neuron fires just after it receives evidence of a pre-synaptic spike. Conversely, whenever the post-synaptic neuron fires just before it receives evidence of a pre-synaptic spike, then the synapse is weakened (Dan, Poo, et al., 2004). Thus, as ...
... exhibit STDP are strengthened whenever the post-synaptic neuron fires just after it receives evidence of a pre-synaptic spike. Conversely, whenever the post-synaptic neuron fires just before it receives evidence of a pre-synaptic spike, then the synapse is weakened (Dan, Poo, et al., 2004). Thus, as ...
Pacemaker Potentials for the Periodic Burst Discharge in the Heart
... The intracellular potential changes from the pacemaker cells vary extensively in their size and time course, and some sort of classification is necessary for their description. Mainly on the basis of the characteristics of the slow potential, we divide them into four types: (a) the "mammalian heart" ...
... The intracellular potential changes from the pacemaker cells vary extensively in their size and time course, and some sort of classification is necessary for their description. Mainly on the basis of the characteristics of the slow potential, we divide them into four types: (a) the "mammalian heart" ...
Down - 서울대 : Biointelligence lab
... Recordings of activities of a cell when the rodent was rotated in different directions (Fig. 7.18) In the subiculum of rodents, it was found that firing of neurons represents the direction in which the rodent was heading Solid line represents the response property of this neuron The neuron fir ...
... Recordings of activities of a cell when the rodent was rotated in different directions (Fig. 7.18) In the subiculum of rodents, it was found that firing of neurons represents the direction in which the rodent was heading Solid line represents the response property of this neuron The neuron fir ...
Tuning Curve Shift by Attention Modulation in Cortical Neurons: a
... in the second layer have approximately the same tuning width than receptive fields in the recurrent model, and are ~3.5 times larger than first-layer RFs. Notice also that by choosing T = 0 and S0 = 0, neurons in the first layer never use the rectification mechanism in their input-output relationships. ...
... in the second layer have approximately the same tuning width than receptive fields in the recurrent model, and are ~3.5 times larger than first-layer RFs. Notice also that by choosing T = 0 and S0 = 0, neurons in the first layer never use the rectification mechanism in their input-output relationships. ...
Dissecting appetite
... chewing and swallowing, but obsessive searching and other complex behaviours to get food.” Controlling feeding behaviour is like using the accelerator in a car, explains Sternson. The more AgRP neurons are excited, the stronger the desire to eat. That probably suggests that as we get hungry, more nu ...
... chewing and swallowing, but obsessive searching and other complex behaviours to get food.” Controlling feeding behaviour is like using the accelerator in a car, explains Sternson. The more AgRP neurons are excited, the stronger the desire to eat. That probably suggests that as we get hungry, more nu ...
Optimized Parallel Coding of Second
... the neural sensitivity, respectively. The model was simulated using an Euler–Maruyama integration with time step dt ⫽ 0.025 ms. Unless stated otherwise, we used parameter values C ⫽ 1 F/cm 2, gleak ⫽ 0.36 S/cm 2, Eleak ⫽ ⫺70 mV, I ⫽ 7 A/cm 2, noise ⫽ 5 A/cm 2, M ⫽ 40, b ⫽ 0.2, ␥ ⫽ 1.1253, min ...
... the neural sensitivity, respectively. The model was simulated using an Euler–Maruyama integration with time step dt ⫽ 0.025 ms. Unless stated otherwise, we used parameter values C ⫽ 1 F/cm 2, gleak ⫽ 0.36 S/cm 2, Eleak ⫽ ⫺70 mV, I ⫽ 7 A/cm 2, noise ⫽ 5 A/cm 2, M ⫽ 40, b ⫽ 0.2, ␥ ⫽ 1.1253, min ...
MOTOR SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGY
... - MNs there are two types of gamma - MNs: static and dynamic dynamic supply the dynamic nuclear bag fiber static supply the static nuclear bag fiber and the nuclear chain fibers static and dynamic gamma biasing means that both types of MNs are activated before a movement which results in increased s ...
... - MNs there are two types of gamma - MNs: static and dynamic dynamic supply the dynamic nuclear bag fiber static supply the static nuclear bag fiber and the nuclear chain fibers static and dynamic gamma biasing means that both types of MNs are activated before a movement which results in increased s ...
Different levels of Ih determine distinct temporal integration in
... how these two classes of neurons contribute to the integration of input to the subiculum. Here, we report that bursting neurons posses a hyperpolarization-activated cation current (I h ) that is two-fold larger (conductance, 5.3 ± 0.5 nS) than in regular-spiking neurons (2.2 ± 0.6 nS), whereas I h e ...
... how these two classes of neurons contribute to the integration of input to the subiculum. Here, we report that bursting neurons posses a hyperpolarization-activated cation current (I h ) that is two-fold larger (conductance, 5.3 ± 0.5 nS) than in regular-spiking neurons (2.2 ± 0.6 nS), whereas I h e ...
Forward Processing of Long-Term Associative Memory in Monkey
... Figure 2. Stimulus-selective responses to both paired associates of two representative A36 neurons (A and B for one neuron; C and D for the other neuron). A, C, Raster displays and PSTHs in the optimal (optimal, thick black line) and pair ( pair, thick gray line) trials. The trials were aligned at t ...
... Figure 2. Stimulus-selective responses to both paired associates of two representative A36 neurons (A and B for one neuron; C and D for the other neuron). A, C, Raster displays and PSTHs in the optimal (optimal, thick black line) and pair ( pair, thick gray line) trials. The trials were aligned at t ...
Down
... subiculum of a rodent when the rodent is heading in different directions in a familiar maze. The dashed line represents the new head properties of the same neuron when the rodent is placed in the new unfamiliar maze. The new response properties will normally be similar to the previous one, that is, ...
... subiculum of a rodent when the rodent is heading in different directions in a familiar maze. The dashed line represents the new head properties of the same neuron when the rodent is placed in the new unfamiliar maze. The new response properties will normally be similar to the previous one, that is, ...
the brainstem control of saccadic eye movements
... the speed and direction of full-field image motion across the retina initiate optokinetic reflexes that supplement the VOR in the low-frequency range. ...
... the speed and direction of full-field image motion across the retina initiate optokinetic reflexes that supplement the VOR in the low-frequency range. ...
