The Nervous System
... • Depending upon the kind of neurotransmitter and the kind of membrane receptors, there are two possible outcomes for postsynaptic membrane – Excitatory postsynaptic potential • Na+ gates open; membrane becomes depolarized; action potential is generated. – Inhibitory postsynaptic potential • K+ gate ...
... • Depending upon the kind of neurotransmitter and the kind of membrane receptors, there are two possible outcomes for postsynaptic membrane – Excitatory postsynaptic potential • Na+ gates open; membrane becomes depolarized; action potential is generated. – Inhibitory postsynaptic potential • K+ gate ...
Hearing and Equilibrium Human Ear Major questions Anatomy of
... Sound Sensory Receptors (Fig 16.20d) • Hair cells sit on basilar membrane • Apical surface stereocilia- longest embedded in overlying tectorial membrane • Perilymph vibrating -->basilar membrane--> stereocilia flex back and forth in or against tectorial membrane • Mechanical opening of ion channels ...
... Sound Sensory Receptors (Fig 16.20d) • Hair cells sit on basilar membrane • Apical surface stereocilia- longest embedded in overlying tectorial membrane • Perilymph vibrating -->basilar membrane--> stereocilia flex back and forth in or against tectorial membrane • Mechanical opening of ion channels ...
Mind, Brain & Behavior
... At first cells are in no particular order and send axons everywhere. Neural activity causes rearrangement of cells and synapses. Hebb synapses – synapses that are active at the same time as the target is active are ...
... At first cells are in no particular order and send axons everywhere. Neural activity causes rearrangement of cells and synapses. Hebb synapses – synapses that are active at the same time as the target is active are ...
Inner Ear
... stimulate different areas along the basilar membrane and the membrane rubs against hair cells. Each ear contains thousands of hair cells. The hair cells are arranged by frequency (pitch) just like the keyboard of a piano. Nerves are attached to the bottom of these hair cells so when the hair cells m ...
... stimulate different areas along the basilar membrane and the membrane rubs against hair cells. Each ear contains thousands of hair cells. The hair cells are arranged by frequency (pitch) just like the keyboard of a piano. Nerves are attached to the bottom of these hair cells so when the hair cells m ...
Neuron, Impulse Generation, and Reflex Arc
... - There is unequal distribution of Na+ ions and K+ ions on either side of the membrane because of a sodium-potassium pump or Na+/K+ ATPase. This pump ejects 3 Na+ ions from the neuron for every 2 K+ it brings in. The inside of the cell is negative compared to the outside. - In addition, there is a h ...
... - There is unequal distribution of Na+ ions and K+ ions on either side of the membrane because of a sodium-potassium pump or Na+/K+ ATPase. This pump ejects 3 Na+ ions from the neuron for every 2 K+ it brings in. The inside of the cell is negative compared to the outside. - In addition, there is a h ...
refractory period
... The experiment on the next slide shows the singlechannel currents recorded from 7 individual Na+ channels in response to a depolarizing voltage step. Notice how random the behavior is - the different channels open at different times, stay open for different times, and may flicker closed a time or tw ...
... The experiment on the next slide shows the singlechannel currents recorded from 7 individual Na+ channels in response to a depolarizing voltage step. Notice how random the behavior is - the different channels open at different times, stay open for different times, and may flicker closed a time or tw ...
Nervous System
... ◦ The axon hillock is located at the end of the soma and controls the firing of the neuron. ◦ The axon is the elongated fiber that extends from the cell body to the terminal endings and transmits the neural signal. ◦ The terminal buttons are located at the end of the neuron and are responsible for s ...
... ◦ The axon hillock is located at the end of the soma and controls the firing of the neuron. ◦ The axon is the elongated fiber that extends from the cell body to the terminal endings and transmits the neural signal. ◦ The terminal buttons are located at the end of the neuron and are responsible for s ...
Cell cycle
... injuries to the heart and spinal cord cannot heal. The cells of smooth muscles can divide and heal through cell division. • 3. The cells lining the digestive system are more prone to be destroyed. • 4. Cancer cells are long lived and division can occur a seemingly unlimited number of times. ...
... injuries to the heart and spinal cord cannot heal. The cells of smooth muscles can divide and heal through cell division. • 3. The cells lining the digestive system are more prone to be destroyed. • 4. Cancer cells are long lived and division can occur a seemingly unlimited number of times. ...
Lab 2 slides
... Local vs. Distributed Representations » Counting on your fingers--how high can you count?? » 10, using a localist representation » Using a distributed representation, such as a binary code, we can count to 1024! ...
... Local vs. Distributed Representations » Counting on your fingers--how high can you count?? » 10, using a localist representation » Using a distributed representation, such as a binary code, we can count to 1024! ...
Packet 3- Cells and tissues
... 2. Fluid compartments are separated by cell membranes It mediates interactions between the environment and the cell. 3. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer that is studded with many different types of molecules, including: A. Glycoproteins and glycolipids (both involved in immunity and cell ...
... 2. Fluid compartments are separated by cell membranes It mediates interactions between the environment and the cell. 3. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer that is studded with many different types of molecules, including: A. Glycoproteins and glycolipids (both involved in immunity and cell ...
The Nervous System Ch. 12 & 13
... Local potentials are graded potentials meaning they can be large or small depending on the strength of the stimulus. They are also isolated to a particular location on the plasma membrane and do not travel down the axon. ...
... Local potentials are graded potentials meaning they can be large or small depending on the strength of the stimulus. They are also isolated to a particular location on the plasma membrane and do not travel down the axon. ...
Lecture 5 The Cell membrane and Membrane Proteins The cell
... Proteins –determine membranes specific functions Different types of cells-different types of proteins Different organelles within a cell-different proteins ...
... Proteins –determine membranes specific functions Different types of cells-different types of proteins Different organelles within a cell-different proteins ...
Chapter 12 - FacultyWeb Support Center
... I. General Functions of the Nervous System A. The nervous system is composed predominately of nervous tissue but also includes some _____________vessels and connective tissue. B. Two cell types of nervous tissue are ________ and neuroglial cells. C. Neurons are specialized to react to _________ and ...
... I. General Functions of the Nervous System A. The nervous system is composed predominately of nervous tissue but also includes some _____________vessels and connective tissue. B. Two cell types of nervous tissue are ________ and neuroglial cells. C. Neurons are specialized to react to _________ and ...
Cell Membrane - Solon City Schools
... bilayer is not strong & firm like a hard shell, but it is fluid like a soap bubble (often called a fluid mosaic model) -individual phospholipids, arranged side by side, float within the bilayer (cholesterol prevents phospholipids from sticking together) ...
... bilayer is not strong & firm like a hard shell, but it is fluid like a soap bubble (often called a fluid mosaic model) -individual phospholipids, arranged side by side, float within the bilayer (cholesterol prevents phospholipids from sticking together) ...
Lecture Slides - Austin Community College
... Membrane potential is the voltage difference across a membrane Resting potential (when the cell is not firing) is a 70mV difference between the inside and the outside - the membrane is polarized When gated ion channels open, ions diffuse across the membrane following their electrochemical gradients. ...
... Membrane potential is the voltage difference across a membrane Resting potential (when the cell is not firing) is a 70mV difference between the inside and the outside - the membrane is polarized When gated ion channels open, ions diffuse across the membrane following their electrochemical gradients. ...
Chapter 33
... A nerve signal or action potential is an electrochemical message of neurons. An all-or-none phenomenon – either the fiber is conducting an action potential or it is not. The signal is varied by changing the frequency of signal ...
... A nerve signal or action potential is an electrochemical message of neurons. An all-or-none phenomenon – either the fiber is conducting an action potential or it is not. The signal is varied by changing the frequency of signal ...
Sxn 2 Objectives
... antagonists). Explain the points in a hormone control pathway where changes would lead to disease. Predict changes in secretory rates of hypothalamic, pituitary and primary gland hormones caused by over-secretion or under secretion of any hormones in the control pathway. ...
... antagonists). Explain the points in a hormone control pathway where changes would lead to disease. Predict changes in secretory rates of hypothalamic, pituitary and primary gland hormones caused by over-secretion or under secretion of any hormones in the control pathway. ...
3rd lecture Cell Biology The ultrastructures of prokaryotic cells The
... 1) The bacterial cell membrane, also called the cytoplasmic membrane, is visible in electron micrographs of thin sections (figure 4). 2) It is a typical “unit membrane” composed of phospholipids and upward of 200 different kinds of proteins. 3) Proteins account for approximately 70% of the mass of t ...
... 1) The bacterial cell membrane, also called the cytoplasmic membrane, is visible in electron micrographs of thin sections (figure 4). 2) It is a typical “unit membrane” composed of phospholipids and upward of 200 different kinds of proteins. 3) Proteins account for approximately 70% of the mass of t ...
Document
... Allow Na+ and K+ to flow down their concentration gradients Formation of transmembrane electric current (Partial) collapse of RMP when gates are open Gates are controlled by transmembrane voltage (transistor-like properties) ...
... Allow Na+ and K+ to flow down their concentration gradients Formation of transmembrane electric current (Partial) collapse of RMP when gates are open Gates are controlled by transmembrane voltage (transistor-like properties) ...
Lecture 1 Brain Structure
... Ca2+ . (Also activates structural intracellular changes -> learning.) ...
... Ca2+ . (Also activates structural intracellular changes -> learning.) ...
Neurology, Neurons, and EEG
... Neurology is a study of the nervous system. The nervous system is categorized into two physical parts: the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. The peripheral nervous system is most easily described by what it is not…it is everything BUT the spinal cord and brain. The central ne ...
... Neurology is a study of the nervous system. The nervous system is categorized into two physical parts: the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. The peripheral nervous system is most easily described by what it is not…it is everything BUT the spinal cord and brain. The central ne ...
The Brain and Behavior
... Glial cells make up 90 percent of the brain's cells. Glial cells are nerve cells that don't carry nerve impulses. The various glial (meaning "glue") cells perform many important functions… including: – digestion of parts of dead neurons, – manufacturing myelin for neurons, – providing physical and n ...
... Glial cells make up 90 percent of the brain's cells. Glial cells are nerve cells that don't carry nerve impulses. The various glial (meaning "glue") cells perform many important functions… including: – digestion of parts of dead neurons, – manufacturing myelin for neurons, – providing physical and n ...
Nervous System - North Mac Schools
... • Transmembrane potential is particularly important to neurons ...
... • Transmembrane potential is particularly important to neurons ...
Sound waves enter through the: Aurical (pinna) To the External
... Vibrates the Endolymph of Cochlear Duct Which Vibrates the Basilar Membrane Moving the hair cells of the Organ of Corti (spiral organ) against the Tectorial Membrane The Stimulated hair cells synapse with sensory neurons in the Spiral Ganglion Sending an action potential along these Travels in the v ...
... Vibrates the Endolymph of Cochlear Duct Which Vibrates the Basilar Membrane Moving the hair cells of the Organ of Corti (spiral organ) against the Tectorial Membrane The Stimulated hair cells synapse with sensory neurons in the Spiral Ganglion Sending an action potential along these Travels in the v ...
Electrophysiology
Electrophysiology (from Greek ἥλεκτρον, ēlektron, ""amber"" [see the etymology of ""electron""]; φύσις, physis, ""nature, origin""; and -λογία, -logia) is the study of the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues. It involves measurements of voltage change or electric current on a wide variety of scales from single ion channel proteins to whole organs like the heart. In neuroscience, it includes measurements of the electrical activity of neurons, and particularly action potential activity. Recordings of large-scale electric signals from the nervous system such as electroencephalography, may also be referred to as electrophysiological recordings.