Axon
... • Myelinated axons have myelin sheath • Sections of axon wrapped called internodes • Gaps between internodes called nodes ...
... • Myelinated axons have myelin sheath • Sections of axon wrapped called internodes • Gaps between internodes called nodes ...
text - Systems Neuroscience Course, MEDS 371, Univ. Conn. Health
... eye movements, and into the interstitial nucleus of Cajal (INC), located in the midbrain. The pulse of excitation reaching the lower motor neurons in the oculomotor and trochlear nuclei results in the sudden contraction of the relevant extraocular muscles and the abrupt execution of a vertical sacca ...
... eye movements, and into the interstitial nucleus of Cajal (INC), located in the midbrain. The pulse of excitation reaching the lower motor neurons in the oculomotor and trochlear nuclei results in the sudden contraction of the relevant extraocular muscles and the abrupt execution of a vertical sacca ...
Changes in muscle coordination with training
... extensor muscles. It is notable, therefore, that tasks that require synchronization of flexion movements with an external stimulus are performed in a more consistent fashion than otherwise equivalent tasks in which extension movements are emphasized (11, 13). It follows from this line of reasoning t ...
... extensor muscles. It is notable, therefore, that tasks that require synchronization of flexion movements with an external stimulus are performed in a more consistent fashion than otherwise equivalent tasks in which extension movements are emphasized (11, 13). It follows from this line of reasoning t ...
Does the Conventional Leaky Integrate-and
... The method common in the cited studies (Hermann et al 1995, Marsalek 1997, Feng 1997, Burkitt 1999, Diesmann 1999), is to present a number of spikes with a known temporal distribution (a pulse packet) as an input to a pulse generating neuron (or neuron pool) and investigating the spike response of t ...
... The method common in the cited studies (Hermann et al 1995, Marsalek 1997, Feng 1997, Burkitt 1999, Diesmann 1999), is to present a number of spikes with a known temporal distribution (a pulse packet) as an input to a pulse generating neuron (or neuron pool) and investigating the spike response of t ...
The Autonomic Nervous System
... The sympathetic division controls blood pressure and keeps the blood vessels in a continual state of partial constriction ...
... The sympathetic division controls blood pressure and keeps the blood vessels in a continual state of partial constriction ...
Neurophysiological evidence of spared upper motor neurons after
... spinal cord injury at the C4-C5 level using a weight drop technique. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) were recorded after stimulation of the median nerve in the forearm. The SSEPs were measured in each animal before and after the injury. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from forea ...
... spinal cord injury at the C4-C5 level using a weight drop technique. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) were recorded after stimulation of the median nerve in the forearm. The SSEPs were measured in each animal before and after the injury. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from forea ...
Disorders of the Spinal Cord
... • spinothalamic tract (sensory fibres subserving pain and temperature enter at each segment, synapse, and the second order neuron crosses to join the spinothalamic tract) • posterior (dorsal) column tract (sensory fibres subserving position, vibration and discriminative touch enter and directly joi ...
... • spinothalamic tract (sensory fibres subserving pain and temperature enter at each segment, synapse, and the second order neuron crosses to join the spinothalamic tract) • posterior (dorsal) column tract (sensory fibres subserving position, vibration and discriminative touch enter and directly joi ...
Fast Propagation of Firing Rates through Layered Networks of Noisy
... other hand, weaker responses in the input layer fail to propagate; the packet dies out. The response in the deeper layers is thus all-or-none, as can be observed from the layer 5 and layer 10 response in Figure 1b. A very different mode of propagation is revealed when a noisy background current is p ...
... other hand, weaker responses in the input layer fail to propagate; the packet dies out. The response in the deeper layers is thus all-or-none, as can be observed from the layer 5 and layer 10 response in Figure 1b. A very different mode of propagation is revealed when a noisy background current is p ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... Unique Roles of the Sympathetic Division • The adrenal medulla, sweat glands, arrector pili muscles, kidneys, and most blood vessels receive only sympathetic fibers • The sympathetic division controls • Thermoregulatory responses to heat • Release of renin from the kidneys • Metabolic effects • Inc ...
... Unique Roles of the Sympathetic Division • The adrenal medulla, sweat glands, arrector pili muscles, kidneys, and most blood vessels receive only sympathetic fibers • The sympathetic division controls • Thermoregulatory responses to heat • Release of renin from the kidneys • Metabolic effects • Inc ...
hap6 - WordPress.com
... Axons end in axonal terminals Axonal terminals contain vesicles with neurotransmitters Axonal terminals are separated from the next neuron by a gap Synaptic cleft – gap between adjacent neurons Synapse – junction between nerves Slide 7.11 ...
... Axons end in axonal terminals Axonal terminals contain vesicles with neurotransmitters Axonal terminals are separated from the next neuron by a gap Synaptic cleft – gap between adjacent neurons Synapse – junction between nerves Slide 7.11 ...
firing pattern modulation by oscillatory input in
... was a sine wave stimulus (Grass Instruments waveform generator) systematically varied in both frequency (0.2^200 Hz) and amplitude (peak-to-peak, 0.1^0.5 nA). Additionally, the magnitude of the steady-state depolarization was systematically varied to study how the level of activation of an individua ...
... was a sine wave stimulus (Grass Instruments waveform generator) systematically varied in both frequency (0.2^200 Hz) and amplitude (peak-to-peak, 0.1^0.5 nA). Additionally, the magnitude of the steady-state depolarization was systematically varied to study how the level of activation of an individua ...
7-1 The Special Senses
... feel and interpret sensations learning to interpret sensations begins in infancy without awareness and continues ...
... feel and interpret sensations learning to interpret sensations begins in infancy without awareness and continues ...
Portfolio - TRG Communications, LLC Specializing in the Pharmabio
... The surface of the cerebrum is called the cerebral cortex and is composed of six layers. It is made of gray matter, which is also found in the other parts of the nervous system. Because this gray matter enlarges more than the rest of the brain during development, it rolls and folds upon itself to pr ...
... The surface of the cerebrum is called the cerebral cortex and is composed of six layers. It is made of gray matter, which is also found in the other parts of the nervous system. Because this gray matter enlarges more than the rest of the brain during development, it rolls and folds upon itself to pr ...
slides
... – highly subjective to person experiencing it – pain of some type is the most frequent reason for physician consultation in the US, causing half of all Americans to seek medical care annually – pain that stops without treatment or responds to simple measures is called acute – pain is part of the bod ...
... – highly subjective to person experiencing it – pain of some type is the most frequent reason for physician consultation in the US, causing half of all Americans to seek medical care annually – pain that stops without treatment or responds to simple measures is called acute – pain is part of the bod ...
Nervous System - Princeton ISD
... Axodendritic – synapses between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another Axosomatic – synapses between the axon of one neuron and the soma of another Other types of synapses include: ...
... Axodendritic – synapses between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another Axosomatic – synapses between the axon of one neuron and the soma of another Other types of synapses include: ...
An Overview on the Physiologic Anatomy of the Autonomic Nervous
... “fight-or-flight” reactions and during exercise. 9 The parasympathetic system is predominant during quiet conditions (“rest and digest”). As such, the physiological effects caused by each system are quite predictable. 9 In other words, all of the changes in organ and tissue function induced by the s ...
... “fight-or-flight” reactions and during exercise. 9 The parasympathetic system is predominant during quiet conditions (“rest and digest”). As such, the physiological effects caused by each system are quite predictable. 9 In other words, all of the changes in organ and tissue function induced by the s ...
2 m – 32. Autonomous part of the peripheral nervous system
... Giving definition: an autonomous part of the peripheral nervous system (autonomic nervous system), parts, features, objects innervation. Treat morphological differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system. Identify and demonstrate on the preparations of t ...
... Giving definition: an autonomous part of the peripheral nervous system (autonomic nervous system), parts, features, objects innervation. Treat morphological differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system. Identify and demonstrate on the preparations of t ...
Neuroophthalmology – edu.materials 1
... - triad of „near response”: ACCOMMODATION, CONVERGENCE, BOTH PUPILS CONSTRICTION (miosis) ...
... - triad of „near response”: ACCOMMODATION, CONVERGENCE, BOTH PUPILS CONSTRICTION (miosis) ...
Central projections of the glossopharyngeal and
... fascicle curves along the dorsal surface of the vagal lobe, ventral to the dorsal cap, and terminates heavily in the dorsolateral portion of the vagal lobe. (Fig. 2C,D). The horizontal fascicle proceeds medially coursing through the bundles of the secondary gustatory tract. After reaching the medial ...
... fascicle curves along the dorsal surface of the vagal lobe, ventral to the dorsal cap, and terminates heavily in the dorsolateral portion of the vagal lobe. (Fig. 2C,D). The horizontal fascicle proceeds medially coursing through the bundles of the secondary gustatory tract. After reaching the medial ...
Activity Regulates the Incidence of Heteronymous Sensory
... (A) Schematic of lumbar spinal-hindlimb preparation. Stimulating electrodes were placed in TA, EDL, and PL muscles to activate proprioceptive fibers. Ventral roots were cut and placed into suction electrodes for either stimulation or recording. Motor neurons (green) were visually identified followin ...
... (A) Schematic of lumbar spinal-hindlimb preparation. Stimulating electrodes were placed in TA, EDL, and PL muscles to activate proprioceptive fibers. Ventral roots were cut and placed into suction electrodes for either stimulation or recording. Motor neurons (green) were visually identified followin ...
Nervous System Part 4
... – Maintains daily necessary body functions – Remember as the “D” division • digestion, defecation, and diuresis ...
... – Maintains daily necessary body functions – Remember as the “D” division • digestion, defecation, and diuresis ...
The Functional Organization of Perception and Movement
... ascending axons and axons descending from the brain stem and neocortex that innervate spinal interneurons and motor neurons. The ventral columns also include ascending and descending axons. The ascending somatic sensory axons in the lateral and ventral columns constitute parallel pathways that conve ...
... ascending axons and axons descending from the brain stem and neocortex that innervate spinal interneurons and motor neurons. The ventral columns also include ascending and descending axons. The ascending somatic sensory axons in the lateral and ventral columns constitute parallel pathways that conve ...
Neuronal correlates of decision
... stimulus were strongly modulated by f1. This is true even though f1 had been applied 3 s earlier, and information about f1 is not maintained throughout the delay period in the firing rates of either S1 or S2 neurons2,8 (Fig. 2c). In S2 neurons, f1-dependence in the delay period was only found at the ...
... stimulus were strongly modulated by f1. This is true even though f1 had been applied 3 s earlier, and information about f1 is not maintained throughout the delay period in the firing rates of either S1 or S2 neurons2,8 (Fig. 2c). In S2 neurons, f1-dependence in the delay period was only found at the ...
MUSCLE Three types of muscles based on morphological and
... Myosin head conformational change Dissociation of actin-myosin complex Active transport of Ca1+ Maintenance of Na+ and K+ gradients across membrane ...
... Myosin head conformational change Dissociation of actin-myosin complex Active transport of Ca1+ Maintenance of Na+ and K+ gradients across membrane ...
Hearing Physiology - Virtual Learning Environment
... The stereocilia (the hair bundles or hairs) protruding from the ends of the hair cells are composed of rigid structural protein framework. Each hair cell has about 100 stereocilia on its apical border. These stereocilia become progressively longer on the side away from the modiolus. Tips of the shor ...
... The stereocilia (the hair bundles or hairs) protruding from the ends of the hair cells are composed of rigid structural protein framework. Each hair cell has about 100 stereocilia on its apical border. These stereocilia become progressively longer on the side away from the modiolus. Tips of the shor ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.