GREENBERG`S ASYMMETRY IN ARABIC: A CONSEQUENCE OF
... 1. THE MAIN PROPOSAL. A primary observation at the core of the approach developed in this article is that, in languages with rich inflection (like Arabic), stems are realized in the context of paradigms. It seems reasonable to explore the extent to which stem properties, patterns in the lexicon and ...
... 1. THE MAIN PROPOSAL. A primary observation at the core of the approach developed in this article is that, in languages with rich inflection (like Arabic), stems are realized in the context of paradigms. It seems reasonable to explore the extent to which stem properties, patterns in the lexicon and ...
1 The Distribution of Negative NPs and Some Typological
... b. ‘I saw nobody’ boku-wa dare-mo mi-nak-atta I-Top anybody see-Not-Past [Lit. I did not see anybody.] c. ‘Hanako saw nothing.’ Hanako-wa nani-mo mi-nak-atta. Hanako-top anything see-Not-Past [Lit. Hanako did not see anything.] d. ‘Hanako read no book.’ Hanako-wa dono hon-mo yoma-nak-atta. Hanako-To ...
... b. ‘I saw nobody’ boku-wa dare-mo mi-nak-atta I-Top anybody see-Not-Past [Lit. I did not see anybody.] c. ‘Hanako saw nothing.’ Hanako-wa nani-mo mi-nak-atta. Hanako-top anything see-Not-Past [Lit. Hanako did not see anything.] d. ‘Hanako read no book.’ Hanako-wa dono hon-mo yoma-nak-atta. Hanako-To ...
CHAPTER 2 THE ORIGIN OF LIGHT VERBS
... of the light verb and the event structure. The insight in HK's proposal is the hypothesis that event structures are directly correlated with syntactic structures. The problems include the following. First, HK-Chomsky's hypothesis that event structures are completely determined by the syntactic struc ...
... of the light verb and the event structure. The insight in HK's proposal is the hypothesis that event structures are directly correlated with syntactic structures. The problems include the following. First, HK-Chomsky's hypothesis that event structures are completely determined by the syntactic struc ...
Derivational morphology in Distributed Morphology
... Japanese I argue that no such semantic criterion applies in Japanese. Given the proper pragmatic reading, all verbs with agentive subject can have a mono-clausal causative partner. To put it another way, all verbs, regardless of their lexical semantics have lexical causatives in Japanese. This seemi ...
... Japanese I argue that no such semantic criterion applies in Japanese. Given the proper pragmatic reading, all verbs with agentive subject can have a mono-clausal causative partner. To put it another way, all verbs, regardless of their lexical semantics have lexical causatives in Japanese. This seemi ...
Grammar of the Bórnu or Kanuri language
... c Hausa), Bode, Kareiharei, Gezere on the south by Ptka and Kodna on the south-east and east by BIdndara, Ngdla, Mudzugu, Gdmargu, Mdrgl and Bdb§r. The province of Gdzir is so large, that the saying has ...
... c Hausa), Bode, Kareiharei, Gezere on the south by Ptka and Kodna on the south-east and east by BIdndara, Ngdla, Mudzugu, Gdmargu, Mdrgl and Bdb§r. The province of Gdzir is so large, that the saying has ...
Deverbal reflexive and passive in Chuvash (JSFOu 94)
... The question about reflexives and passives in Chuvash is complicated. Usually, the grammatical elements of the Turkic languages are quite similar in many ways; for example, reflexive and passive verbs are kept separate, each having its own suffixes. Some sources, however, claim that the passive cate ...
... The question about reflexives and passives in Chuvash is complicated. Usually, the grammatical elements of the Turkic languages are quite similar in many ways; for example, reflexive and passive verbs are kept separate, each having its own suffixes. Some sources, however, claim that the passive cate ...
Lexical and Viewpoint Aspect in Kubeo
... the past can be ‘neutrally’ conceptualized as MONKEY EAT BANANAS. This event can be either described as a progressive event The monkey was eating bananas, or as a perfective event The monkey ate bananas. Therefore, there is in some degree an arbitrary link between the real world event time and the e ...
... the past can be ‘neutrally’ conceptualized as MONKEY EAT BANANAS. This event can be either described as a progressive event The monkey was eating bananas, or as a perfective event The monkey ate bananas. Therefore, there is in some degree an arbitrary link between the real world event time and the e ...
Student`s Translation Quality in Translating English Phrasal Verbs
... FKIP-UNIB. The objective of this course is to improve the students’ comprehension in translating English into Indonesian and vice versa. In attempts to acquire the target language, the students of English Department will face many difficulties because of the different systems between source language ...
... FKIP-UNIB. The objective of this course is to improve the students’ comprehension in translating English into Indonesian and vice versa. In attempts to acquire the target language, the students of English Department will face many difficulties because of the different systems between source language ...
Thematic Roles and Syntactic Structure
... article is the cause of John’s (change of) emotion but not necessarily the target of it. According to (6b), the article could in fact be a brilliant exposé of government corruption that makes John angry at the authorities, even though he likes the article very much. Putting together these pieces, we ...
... article is the cause of John’s (change of) emotion but not necessarily the target of it. According to (6b), the article could in fact be a brilliant exposé of government corruption that makes John angry at the authorities, even though he likes the article very much. Putting together these pieces, we ...
Russian peripheral reciprocal markers and - CSSP
... syntactic respects. For instance, in examples (1)-(3) odin drugogo could be substituted for drug druga. Knjazev (2007) notes that there is one semantic difference, though it is a tendency, rather than a strict rule: odin drugogo, more than drug druga, tends to denote reciprocal relation between two ...
... syntactic respects. For instance, in examples (1)-(3) odin drugogo could be substituted for drug druga. Knjazev (2007) notes that there is one semantic difference, though it is a tendency, rather than a strict rule: odin drugogo, more than drug druga, tends to denote reciprocal relation between two ...
Reflexivity and adjustment strategies at the interfaces
... these derivations. This is a last-resort mechanism that makes an adjustment between the valence of the lexical entry of the verb and the requirements of the syntax in order for the derivation to converge at the C-I interface. These clitics are syntactic arguments. Nevertheless, they are not interpre ...
... these derivations. This is a last-resort mechanism that makes an adjustment between the valence of the lexical entry of the verb and the requirements of the syntax in order for the derivation to converge at the C-I interface. These clitics are syntactic arguments. Nevertheless, they are not interpre ...
The Debate on Ergativity in Neo-Aramaic Norh
... This characteristic trait of Semitic morphology has disappeared in NENA. All agreement inflection has become suffixal. In NENA, the verb stem V, whether imperfective or perfective, is only inflected for agreement by suffixes. In fact, each stem can co-occur with two suffixes, in a fixed order, NOM-s ...
... This characteristic trait of Semitic morphology has disappeared in NENA. All agreement inflection has become suffixal. In NENA, the verb stem V, whether imperfective or perfective, is only inflected for agreement by suffixes. In fact, each stem can co-occur with two suffixes, in a fixed order, NOM-s ...
Prefixes and the Delimitation of Events*
... Prefixes and the Delimitation of Events* Hana Filip ...
... Prefixes and the Delimitation of Events* Hana Filip ...
LOCATIVE SENTENCES AND RELATED CONSTRUCTIONS IN
... In spite of this difference, I assume that the way to check case for the subject clitic in (17a) is essentially the same as for the subject clitic in (16). The elitie hi in (17a) checks its oblique or dative case with a [-person] Agreement head.!! In a case where the clitic hi moves to a specifier p ...
... In spite of this difference, I assume that the way to check case for the subject clitic in (17a) is essentially the same as for the subject clitic in (16). The elitie hi in (17a) checks its oblique or dative case with a [-person] Agreement head.!! In a case where the clitic hi moves to a specifier p ...
Lexical Semantics and Irregular Inflection The Harvard community
... mechanism. Upon hearing a new verb that is homophonous with an existing verb, learners create a separate lemma for it in their mental lexicons, and append an irregular form to it (if they hear one) or allow it to be inflected with a regular suffix (if they don’t). On this account, the semantic repre ...
... mechanism. Upon hearing a new verb that is homophonous with an existing verb, learners create a separate lemma for it in their mental lexicons, and append an irregular form to it (if they hear one) or allow it to be inflected with a regular suffix (if they don’t). On this account, the semantic repre ...
Inanimate nouns as subjects in Mi`gmaq
... were originally used in a study on animacy, topicality and agentivity in Yucatec Maya (Butler et al. 2012). Speakers were asked to provide one-sentence descriptions of these videos. Three speakers participated in describing the videos, two males and one female between the ages of 50 and 70. Each Mi’ ...
... were originally used in a study on animacy, topicality and agentivity in Yucatec Maya (Butler et al. 2012). Speakers were asked to provide one-sentence descriptions of these videos. Three speakers participated in describing the videos, two males and one female between the ages of 50 and 70. Each Mi’ ...
Towards a structural typology of verb classes
... nominal arguments. (Verbs with zero valency are extremely rare – one possible semantic class of this kind are weather verbs, such as Latin pluit ‘it rains’, however, note that English uses here an expletive pronoun, which masks the verb to be intransitive.) Besides that, verbs are subclassified of w ...
... nominal arguments. (Verbs with zero valency are extremely rare – one possible semantic class of this kind are weather verbs, such as Latin pluit ‘it rains’, however, note that English uses here an expletive pronoun, which masks the verb to be intransitive.) Besides that, verbs are subclassified of w ...
Huang_Pinker_Lexical_Semantics
... mechanism. Upon hearing a new verb that is homophonous with an existing verb, learners create a separate lemma for it in their mental lexicons, and append an irregular form to it (if they hear one) or allow it to be inflected with a regular suffix (if they don’t). On this account, the semantic repre ...
... mechanism. Upon hearing a new verb that is homophonous with an existing verb, learners create a separate lemma for it in their mental lexicons, and append an irregular form to it (if they hear one) or allow it to be inflected with a regular suffix (if they don’t). On this account, the semantic repre ...
Get-passives, Raising, and Control
... also necessarily imply the event that state is the result of. To take an example like open(ed) from (10), a door can be open without any opening event having taken place, if it was built that way and has never been closed. This is not true of the resultative participle: an opened door is also one th ...
... also necessarily imply the event that state is the result of. To take an example like open(ed) from (10), a door can be open without any opening event having taken place, if it was built that way and has never been closed. This is not true of the resultative participle: an opened door is also one th ...
When To Use the Subjunctive Mood
... 4. If the stem yo form, when compared to that of the infinitive, shows that an -ir stem-changing verb is involved, all forms of the present subjunctive will have stem changes: the same ones as in the present indicative (e -> ie, o -> ue), plus special changes in the nosotros and ...
... 4. If the stem yo form, when compared to that of the infinitive, shows that an -ir stem-changing verb is involved, all forms of the present subjunctive will have stem changes: the same ones as in the present indicative (e -> ie, o -> ue), plus special changes in the nosotros and ...
Complements of verbs of utterance and thought in Brazilian
... of the complementizer que (‘that’) is obligatory in the former, it is absent in the latter. In fact, although rare, the complementizer que can be omitted in indirect quotes when the recipient of the verb of saying is introduced by the preposition para/pra (‘to’) and the verb of the quoted clause is ...
... of the complementizer que (‘that’) is obligatory in the former, it is absent in the latter. In fact, although rare, the complementizer que can be omitted in indirect quotes when the recipient of the verb of saying is introduced by the preposition para/pra (‘to’) and the verb of the quoted clause is ...
ASPECTS OF THE SEMANTICS OF THE AKAN
... In such instances, the idiomaticity or transparency of the phrasal verb is not associated with any of the components of the phrasal verb. It is associated with the compound as a whole, whose meaning has been transferred to a different context to yield a similar but metaphorical or polysemic interpre ...
... In such instances, the idiomaticity or transparency of the phrasal verb is not associated with any of the components of the phrasal verb. It is associated with the compound as a whole, whose meaning has been transferred to a different context to yield a similar but metaphorical or polysemic interpre ...
Impersonal si/se constructions in Northern Italian dialects Diego
... clitic in impersonal si/se constructions. According to Poletto 2000, Italian subject clitics are hosted in a set of agr-like positions at the IP/CP border that she terms the Higher Functional Field. Crossdialectal variation w.r.t. the distribution of subject clitics arises because the presence of su ...
... clitic in impersonal si/se constructions. According to Poletto 2000, Italian subject clitics are hosted in a set of agr-like positions at the IP/CP border that she terms the Higher Functional Field. Crossdialectal variation w.r.t. the distribution of subject clitics arises because the presence of su ...
Towards a structural typology of verb classes
... than, say, eight or ten. Moreover, a closer inspection of the vocabulary of a language shows that some items seem to be wrongly classified: nouns such as journey, war, and game denote events rather than objects, while verbs such as resemble, exist, be above, and be tall do not denote events. One poi ...
... than, say, eight or ten. Moreover, a closer inspection of the vocabulary of a language shows that some items seem to be wrongly classified: nouns such as journey, war, and game denote events rather than objects, while verbs such as resemble, exist, be above, and be tall do not denote events. One poi ...
doc - KISS Grammar
... Ex. 5 - Adapted from Voyages in English - Fifth Year ........................................................... 64 ...
... Ex. 5 - Adapted from Voyages in English - Fifth Year ........................................................... 64 ...