The Syntax of Valuation in Auxiliary–participle
... Wiklund (2005, 2007) argues that the parasitic copying relation is “top-down, syntactic, local”, and suggests that parasitic forms are transmitted top-down via Inverse Agree. The exact mechanism of this Agree relation is not spelled out, however, and Wiklund notes an inconsistency with the standard ...
... Wiklund (2005, 2007) argues that the parasitic copying relation is “top-down, syntactic, local”, and suggests that parasitic forms are transmitted top-down via Inverse Agree. The exact mechanism of this Agree relation is not spelled out, however, and Wiklund notes an inconsistency with the standard ...
The No-Nonsense Guide to Learning Chitumbuka: Volume 1
... ignore most of the rules associated with this noun class stuff and still manage to say most of what you want to say. This is not a great practice of course, but, if you just want to get on your feet in Chitumbuka, taking this approach is a good way to begin. When making nouns plural in Chitumbuka, y ...
... ignore most of the rules associated with this noun class stuff and still manage to say most of what you want to say. This is not a great practice of course, but, if you just want to get on your feet in Chitumbuka, taking this approach is a good way to begin. When making nouns plural in Chitumbuka, y ...
two types of impersonal sentences in spanish
... Spanish data regarding two types of constructions with locatives in preverbal position: one of them involves an eventive predicate, and the second one involves a stative predicate. The verb ocurrir ‘to happen’, as well as meteorological verbs are members of the former class (as in En esta carretera ...
... Spanish data regarding two types of constructions with locatives in preverbal position: one of them involves an eventive predicate, and the second one involves a stative predicate. The verb ocurrir ‘to happen’, as well as meteorological verbs are members of the former class (as in En esta carretera ...
An Updated Typology of Causative Constructions: Form
... action) and 9 (causer accompanying or not accompanying causee) nearly always occur in isolation. The one instance of a solid correlation among parameter values (with a sample of more than 10 relevant pairing events) was that between parameters 3 (causee control) and 4 (causee willingness). These two ...
... action) and 9 (causer accompanying or not accompanying causee) nearly always occur in isolation. The one instance of a solid correlation among parameter values (with a sample of more than 10 relevant pairing events) was that between parameters 3 (causee control) and 4 (causee willingness). These two ...
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 Independent Verbal Morphology Independent
... actualized, as having occurred or actually occurring, knowable through direct perception. The irrealis portrays situations as purely within the realm of thought, knowable only through imagination’. In addition to realis status and irrealis status, there is also an in-between status category called ‘ ...
... actualized, as having occurred or actually occurring, knowable through direct perception. The irrealis portrays situations as purely within the realm of thought, knowable only through imagination’. In addition to realis status and irrealis status, there is also an in-between status category called ‘ ...
4. Modelling Lexical Resources for Slavic Languages in KPML
... (rewriting) rules2. Naturally there are some organizational principles guiding the way in which a grammar is (to be) set up. These organizational principles are axiality, delicacy, and rank. Axiality expresses the relation between paradigmatic, functionally motivated features and syntagmatic structu ...
... (rewriting) rules2. Naturally there are some organizational principles guiding the way in which a grammar is (to be) set up. These organizational principles are axiality, delicacy, and rank. Axiality expresses the relation between paradigmatic, functionally motivated features and syntagmatic structu ...
The Verbal System of the Cape Verdean Creole of Tarrafal
... In order to understand the genesis of Cape Verdean Creole (CVC), one needs a clear understanding of the colonization and settlement of the Cape Verde Islands. Settlement patterns had lasting consequences on the formation of CVC. Santiago Island was initially populated with slaves from the western co ...
... In order to understand the genesis of Cape Verdean Creole (CVC), one needs a clear understanding of the colonization and settlement of the Cape Verde Islands. Settlement patterns had lasting consequences on the formation of CVC. Santiago Island was initially populated with slaves from the western co ...
Nouns and Verbs in the Tagalog Mental Lexicon
... stand alone. However, the function of the root is determined either by affixation or by preceding particles. A verb form is typically inflected, while a bare root in a sentence is typically identified as a noun. This leads some linguists to suggest that roots are nominal. However, such bare roots ar ...
... stand alone. However, the function of the root is determined either by affixation or by preceding particles. A verb form is typically inflected, while a bare root in a sentence is typically identified as a noun. This leads some linguists to suggest that roots are nominal. However, such bare roots ar ...
1 Introduction
... data to be incorporated later into the section comments to oneself (e.g. data to be elicited, section to be rewritten) temporary cross-refs to examples in other sections, especially those of the form "see (xx3) in §5.1.2 ("milked the cows")", to be replaced later by actual example numbers dk yellow ...
... data to be incorporated later into the section comments to oneself (e.g. data to be elicited, section to be rewritten) temporary cross-refs to examples in other sections, especially those of the form "see (xx3) in §5.1.2 ("milked the cows")", to be replaced later by actual example numbers dk yellow ...
A Syntactic Analysis of Modal bì 必: Auxiliary Verb or Adverb?
... ‘If we will have a peace treaty now, Shi will then still not be able to make sure that Qin does not launch another attack.’ In example (4) the syntactic analysis of bì 必 is less straightforward. It obviously appears in the meaning ‘must be’ followed by a prepositional phrase, a meaning which often a ...
... ‘If we will have a peace treaty now, Shi will then still not be able to make sure that Qin does not launch another attack.’ In example (4) the syntactic analysis of bì 必 is less straightforward. It obviously appears in the meaning ‘must be’ followed by a prepositional phrase, a meaning which often a ...
1 Possessive voice in Wolof: A rara type of valency operator 1
... monovalent verb gaaw ‘to be fast’. In (14)b., the same verb gaaw contains an additional morpheme, the suffix –le. The same participant woto bi occurs with the same semantic role of patient. However, a new argument Sàmba is introduced in the sentence. Thus, the derivation –le changes the grammatical ...
... monovalent verb gaaw ‘to be fast’. In (14)b., the same verb gaaw contains an additional morpheme, the suffix –le. The same participant woto bi occurs with the same semantic role of patient. However, a new argument Sàmba is introduced in the sentence. Thus, the derivation –le changes the grammatical ...
On Double-Headedness and the Anatomy of the
... What are the basic syntactic building blocks of the clause, and how can they be arranged? These questions are as interesting to linguists as questions about the basic building blocks of matter have been to physicists. They are also nearly as difficult. Just as protons and quarks are hard to isolate ...
... What are the basic syntactic building blocks of the clause, and how can they be arranged? These questions are as interesting to linguists as questions about the basic building blocks of matter have been to physicists. They are also nearly as difficult. Just as protons and quarks are hard to isolate ...
Verbs Llevar and Tener - Departament de Filologia Catalana
... to account for this peculiarity we will assume recent theories on tense and aspect such as the ones developed by Zagona 1995, Stowell 1996, Demirdache & Uribe-Etxebarria 1997, 2000, among other. The basic idea of these authors is that Tense and also Aspect can be analyzed as predicates, be it dynami ...
... to account for this peculiarity we will assume recent theories on tense and aspect such as the ones developed by Zagona 1995, Stowell 1996, Demirdache & Uribe-Etxebarria 1997, 2000, among other. The basic idea of these authors is that Tense and also Aspect can be analyzed as predicates, be it dynami ...
CHAPTER 5 THE LIGHT VERB SYNTAX IN CHINESE
... Mandarin Chinese. In section 4, we extend our perspective to cover other Chinese dialects. It is shown that, though some Chinese dialects do not exhibit the full range of unselectiveness of subject and object as Mandarin Chinese, some regularities can be discerned. Our focus will be specially placed ...
... Mandarin Chinese. In section 4, we extend our perspective to cover other Chinese dialects. It is shown that, though some Chinese dialects do not exhibit the full range of unselectiveness of subject and object as Mandarin Chinese, some regularities can be discerned. Our focus will be specially placed ...
Function of the Imperfect Tense in Mark`s Gospel
... imperfect is often used primarily (though not exclusively) in narrative proper for information that is off the main story line, but which is helpful background information, explanation, or the like. Both of these forms are used within the over-arching mainline of narrative proper in which the aorist ...
... imperfect is often used primarily (though not exclusively) in narrative proper for information that is off the main story line, but which is helpful background information, explanation, or the like. Both of these forms are used within the over-arching mainline of narrative proper in which the aorist ...
Aspectual licensing and object shift - bu people
... sentential domain. The latter are always bound, with two variants: as the complement of Aux—auxiliated OV (cf. Tesnière 1939, Déchaine 1993, p. 473)—and as the complement of a control verb, controlled OV, i.e. in a biclausal structure (Aw£yalã 1983): ...
... sentential domain. The latter are always bound, with two variants: as the complement of Aux—auxiliated OV (cf. Tesnière 1939, Déchaine 1993, p. 473)—and as the complement of a control verb, controlled OV, i.e. in a biclausal structure (Aw£yalã 1983): ...
The expression of Motion and Path components by orientation
... Comitative, and Vocative; specific particles include Topic and other particles which express the beginning or the end of a process (‘from… until’), a restriction (‘only’), an addition (‘also’), a random selection (‘any’) etc. A case particle cannot be combined with another case particle, but it can ...
... Comitative, and Vocative; specific particles include Topic and other particles which express the beginning or the end of a process (‘from… until’), a restriction (‘only’), an addition (‘also’), a random selection (‘any’) etc. A case particle cannot be combined with another case particle, but it can ...
The Use of Passive Voice in the Constitution of the United States
... Some examples where a bare passive does have an overt subject: All things considered, we’re lucky not to have been sued for a lot more. (short) My house wrecked by a tornado is something I don’t ever want to see. (long) Because the verb is in the past participle form, such clauses are always nonfini ...
... Some examples where a bare passive does have an overt subject: All things considered, we’re lucky not to have been sued for a lot more. (short) My house wrecked by a tornado is something I don’t ever want to see. (long) Because the verb is in the past participle form, such clauses are always nonfini ...
1 Using Strong Verbs – Suggested Answers and Teaching Tips
... eliminate most instances of “is responsible for” and simply state the task that the person does. In a sense, doing implies responsibility. ...
... eliminate most instances of “is responsible for” and simply state the task that the person does. In a sense, doing implies responsibility. ...
a descriptive analysis of argument alternations
... These necessary premises notwithstanding, we hope that this work will encourage the Italian research community, and whosoever would like to conduct their work on Italian verbs, to carry out further r ...
... These necessary premises notwithstanding, we hope that this work will encourage the Italian research community, and whosoever would like to conduct their work on Italian verbs, to carry out further r ...
Two sources of scalarity within the verb phrase
... originating from the lexicon or via a type-shifting rule. Rappaport-Hovav (2008) meanwhile provides arguments that scales are lexicalized in only certain classes of verbs, and that crucially incremental theme verbs do not themselves lexicalize quantity scales, contra Piñón. Finally, Beavers (2008) ...
... originating from the lexicon or via a type-shifting rule. Rappaport-Hovav (2008) meanwhile provides arguments that scales are lexicalized in only certain classes of verbs, and that crucially incremental theme verbs do not themselves lexicalize quantity scales, contra Piñón. Finally, Beavers (2008) ...
Practice Makes Perfect: Spanish Irregular Verbs Up Close
... how to write them on lists of verbs to learn, as modeled here. The first two forms (the first- and second-persons singular: tengo and tienes) belong to the first of the four microsystems, which I have dubbed the present system. Since these first two forms of the six you must memorize belong to the s ...
... how to write them on lists of verbs to learn, as modeled here. The first two forms (the first- and second-persons singular: tengo and tienes) belong to the first of the four microsystems, which I have dubbed the present system. Since these first two forms of the six you must memorize belong to the s ...
The morphological family size effect and morphology
... members. Finally, if the Family Size effect is truly semantic in nature, we would expect that regular as well as irregular participles show an equally strong effect of Family Size, even though the family members of the irregular participles contain a different orthographic and phonological form of t ...
... members. Finally, if the Family Size effect is truly semantic in nature, we would expect that regular as well as irregular participles show an equally strong effect of Family Size, even though the family members of the irregular participles contain a different orthographic and phonological form of t ...
space and metaphor in verbs prefixed with od-/ot
... As Table 1 on the following page shows, most verbs in this group have the same stem in both Blg. and BCS (e.g., odletjeti/otletja ‘fly away’). However, some verbs such as BCS/Blg. odjahati/otpătuvam ‘ride away’ have different stems. There is jazdja (kon) ‘ride (a horse)’ in Blg., but, unlike BCS and ...
... As Table 1 on the following page shows, most verbs in this group have the same stem in both Blg. and BCS (e.g., odletjeti/otletja ‘fly away’). However, some verbs such as BCS/Blg. odjahati/otpătuvam ‘ride away’ have different stems. There is jazdja (kon) ‘ride (a horse)’ in Blg., but, unlike BCS and ...