Sheep Brain Dissection - Michigan State University
... The entire surface of the body is represented in the primary sensory cortex. Interestingly, some parts of the body have more cortical space that others. The figure below (right) is known as the homunculus and illustrates what the body would look like based on the amount of cortical space devoted to ...
... The entire surface of the body is represented in the primary sensory cortex. Interestingly, some parts of the body have more cortical space that others. The figure below (right) is known as the homunculus and illustrates what the body would look like based on the amount of cortical space devoted to ...
MODULE J – CONTROL OF VENTILATION
... reflex response is triggered to reduce the tidal volume. 3. They are only activated at large tidal volumes (greater than 800 – 1,000 mL) 4. They do not function during normal, quiet breathing B. Deflation Reflex 1. When the lungs are compressed or deflated (as may occur with atelectasis or a pneumot ...
... reflex response is triggered to reduce the tidal volume. 3. They are only activated at large tidal volumes (greater than 800 – 1,000 mL) 4. They do not function during normal, quiet breathing B. Deflation Reflex 1. When the lungs are compressed or deflated (as may occur with atelectasis or a pneumot ...
Slide 1
... FIGURE 37.4 Summary of the main anterior hypothalamic pathways that mediate secretion of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT). The vascular organ of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) is especially sensitive to hyperosmolality. Hyperosmolality also activates other neurons in the anterior hypothal ...
... FIGURE 37.4 Summary of the main anterior hypothalamic pathways that mediate secretion of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT). The vascular organ of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) is especially sensitive to hyperosmolality. Hyperosmolality also activates other neurons in the anterior hypothal ...
Cognitive Neuroscience
... by Fodor (1983), holds that the brain consists of many separate modules that are informationally encapsulated in that their operation is informed only by a very limited range of constraining sources of information. The modular view also holds that the principles of function are specific to each domai ...
... by Fodor (1983), holds that the brain consists of many separate modules that are informationally encapsulated in that their operation is informed only by a very limited range of constraining sources of information. The modular view also holds that the principles of function are specific to each domai ...
Lineage origins of GABAergic versus glutamatergic neurons in the
... neocortical progenitor cells are multipotent and give rise to any class of pyramidal cell [4]. The daughter cells of these progenitors migrate radially into the neocortical wall, such that neurons of the same ontogeny occupy progressively more superficial layers to form radial units with related fun ...
... neocortical progenitor cells are multipotent and give rise to any class of pyramidal cell [4]. The daughter cells of these progenitors migrate radially into the neocortical wall, such that neurons of the same ontogeny occupy progressively more superficial layers to form radial units with related fun ...
Simulating the Fröhlich Effect of Motion Misperception as a Result... Attentional Modulation in the Visual System
... any variance, we could not statistically test for these main effects or test the empirical against the simulated data. The effect of stimulus velocity was investigated by Müsseler and Aschersleben (1998). The authors used velocities of either 14° or 44° per second and found the Fröhlich effect to in ...
... any variance, we could not statistically test for these main effects or test the empirical against the simulated data. The effect of stimulus velocity was investigated by Müsseler and Aschersleben (1998). The authors used velocities of either 14° or 44° per second and found the Fröhlich effect to in ...
Candy Neurons
... Draw a picture of the neuron (with direction of a signal indicated) below: (must have candy neuron checked by me BEFORE DRAWING) ...
... Draw a picture of the neuron (with direction of a signal indicated) below: (must have candy neuron checked by me BEFORE DRAWING) ...
Number and Laminar Distribution of Neurons in a
... contained in the slice (judged by either a successive increase and a decrease of the cross section size or by a constant cross section size ...
... contained in the slice (judged by either a successive increase and a decrease of the cross section size or by a constant cross section size ...
Connexionism and Computationalism
... within the last few seconds, It may include some of the above diagrams or the information present in the sentence you have just finished reading. Common wisdom says that we can hold seven (plus or minus two) “chunks” of information in our mind at any one time. Perhaps that’s why phone numbers have 6 ...
... within the last few seconds, It may include some of the above diagrams or the information present in the sentence you have just finished reading. Common wisdom says that we can hold seven (plus or minus two) “chunks” of information in our mind at any one time. Perhaps that’s why phone numbers have 6 ...
Document
... Leaves the charge on the inner surface negative Reduces the postsynaptic neuron’s ability to produce an action potential ...
... Leaves the charge on the inner surface negative Reduces the postsynaptic neuron’s ability to produce an action potential ...
Glutamatergic activation of anterior cingulate cortex produces
... mediating the CS and those whose activity results in the CR. Associative learning using noxious stimuli as the US has been documented behaviorally, and the mediating synaptic change has been elucidated in some systems1–4. However, the neural pathways that mediate nociceptor-driven aversive teaching ...
... mediating the CS and those whose activity results in the CR. Associative learning using noxious stimuli as the US has been documented behaviorally, and the mediating synaptic change has been elucidated in some systems1–4. However, the neural pathways that mediate nociceptor-driven aversive teaching ...
Auditory Brain Development in Children With Hearing Loss– Part One
... and where auditory objects are represented in the brain. DeFigure 3, a broad area of activation was seen in the auditory riving higher-order meaning from the sound we hear is cerareas of the brain. Specifically, activity in response to auditory tainly a complex process. “Fundamentally, everything th ...
... and where auditory objects are represented in the brain. DeFigure 3, a broad area of activation was seen in the auditory riving higher-order meaning from the sound we hear is cerareas of the brain. Specifically, activity in response to auditory tainly a complex process. “Fundamentally, everything th ...
Interneuron Diversity series: Circuit complexity and axon wiring
... reminiscent of ‘small-world’ or scale-free networks observed in other complex systems. The wiring-economy-based classification of cortical inhibitory interneurons is supported by the distinct physiological patterns of class members in the intact brain. The complex wiring of diverse interneuron class ...
... reminiscent of ‘small-world’ or scale-free networks observed in other complex systems. The wiring-economy-based classification of cortical inhibitory interneurons is supported by the distinct physiological patterns of class members in the intact brain. The complex wiring of diverse interneuron class ...
Slide 1
... Visual Areas • Visual association area – Surrounds the primary visual cortex – Uses past visual experiences to interpret visual stimuli (e.g., color, form, and movement) – Complex processing involves entire posterior half of the hemispheres ...
... Visual Areas • Visual association area – Surrounds the primary visual cortex – Uses past visual experiences to interpret visual stimuli (e.g., color, form, and movement) – Complex processing involves entire posterior half of the hemispheres ...
Suzuki and Eichenbaum, 2000
... cortex in monkeys (black lines) to those in rats (gray lines) in the lower portion of FIGURE 1. Projections from other unimodal and polymodal sensory areas to the parahippocampal cortex in monkeys and the postrhinal cortex in rats are roughly similar. The perirhinal and parahippocampal/postrhinal co ...
... cortex in monkeys (black lines) to those in rats (gray lines) in the lower portion of FIGURE 1. Projections from other unimodal and polymodal sensory areas to the parahippocampal cortex in monkeys and the postrhinal cortex in rats are roughly similar. The perirhinal and parahippocampal/postrhinal co ...
Inferior Parietal Lobule Function in Spatial Perception and
... the posterior aspect of the parietal lobe adjacent to the occipital lobe. It receives inputs from visual and somatosensory cortices and as a result has historically been considered an area important for the integration of these two modalities. This area is involved in higher cortical functions. Lesi ...
... the posterior aspect of the parietal lobe adjacent to the occipital lobe. It receives inputs from visual and somatosensory cortices and as a result has historically been considered an area important for the integration of these two modalities. This area is involved in higher cortical functions. Lesi ...
Reflex Arc
... 1. The receptor muscle senses the action of the hammer against the patella ligament through the muscle spindle's sensory neuron 2. The message is transmitted along the afferent (sensory) nerve axon to the spinal cord 3. The afferent neuron synapses with the efferent pathway (motor neuron) of the sam ...
... 1. The receptor muscle senses the action of the hammer against the patella ligament through the muscle spindle's sensory neuron 2. The message is transmitted along the afferent (sensory) nerve axon to the spinal cord 3. The afferent neuron synapses with the efferent pathway (motor neuron) of the sam ...
Short-term memory
... weights, synaptic inputs, or membrane potential as illustrated in Fig. 1A. Short-term memory can appear to be an intermediate step in the learning process at the level of each synapse, in the same way as STP and LTP (Fig. 1A1). The strength of the synapse is transiently modulated by the successive e ...
... weights, synaptic inputs, or membrane potential as illustrated in Fig. 1A. Short-term memory can appear to be an intermediate step in the learning process at the level of each synapse, in the same way as STP and LTP (Fig. 1A1). The strength of the synapse is transiently modulated by the successive e ...
Insights into decision making using choice probability
... is the origin of CP?; does it result from feedforward pooling of neuronal activity or from feedback mechanisms such as attentional allocation? We should point out that CP can be applied to brain areas thought to report only the sensory evidence or to areas that directly mediate decisions. In either ...
... is the origin of CP?; does it result from feedforward pooling of neuronal activity or from feedback mechanisms such as attentional allocation? We should point out that CP can be applied to brain areas thought to report only the sensory evidence or to areas that directly mediate decisions. In either ...
Feedback — Exam
... Different brains detect faces in similar “object related” brain regions We may learn what face is particularly represented in the brain using calibration and repetitive fMRI Specific faces are represented similarly between different persons To date, it is impossible to write down an algorithm that o ...
... Different brains detect faces in similar “object related” brain regions We may learn what face is particularly represented in the brain using calibration and repetitive fMRI Specific faces are represented similarly between different persons To date, it is impossible to write down an algorithm that o ...
Somatic and Special Senses
... Taste receptors (gustatory cells) – modified epithelial cells that function as receptors; structure is somewhat spherical with an opening the taste pore, on its free surface; tiny projections called taste hairs protrude from the outer ends of the taste cells and extend from the taste pore, and are t ...
... Taste receptors (gustatory cells) – modified epithelial cells that function as receptors; structure is somewhat spherical with an opening the taste pore, on its free surface; tiny projections called taste hairs protrude from the outer ends of the taste cells and extend from the taste pore, and are t ...
This newsletter is for your information only and is not a substitute for
... related glucocorticoids, and catecholamines that cause actual damage to neuronal connections (dendrites) which atrophy (shrink) in the hippocampus area of the temporal lobe, an area key in many cognitive skills including memory. Fortunately, the effects of short-term stress is reversible. After long ...
... related glucocorticoids, and catecholamines that cause actual damage to neuronal connections (dendrites) which atrophy (shrink) in the hippocampus area of the temporal lobe, an area key in many cognitive skills including memory. Fortunately, the effects of short-term stress is reversible. After long ...
The Reflex Arc - Science with Glee
... 1. The receptor muscle senses the action of the hammer against the patella ligament through the muscle spindle's sensory neuron 2. The message is transmitted along the afferent (sensory) nerve axon to the spinal cord 3. The afferent neuron synapses with the efferent pathway (motor neuron) of the sam ...
... 1. The receptor muscle senses the action of the hammer against the patella ligament through the muscle spindle's sensory neuron 2. The message is transmitted along the afferent (sensory) nerve axon to the spinal cord 3. The afferent neuron synapses with the efferent pathway (motor neuron) of the sam ...