What is the function of the claustrum? - Christof Koch
... ill-posed (Poggio et al. 1984), if only because the brain is trying to reconstruct a three-dimensional representation of object and events occurring in the outside world from two-dimensional and noisy retinal inputs. Resolving these ambiguities must involve interactions among large groups of cells, ...
... ill-posed (Poggio et al. 1984), if only because the brain is trying to reconstruct a three-dimensional representation of object and events occurring in the outside world from two-dimensional and noisy retinal inputs. Resolving these ambiguities must involve interactions among large groups of cells, ...
Basic Science Award Recipients 2003
... “Targeting the ER-Mitochondrial Interface to Combat Age-Related Disease” The combination of an aging global population and the prevalence of age-onset diseases is generating a public health burden that is becoming insurmountable. Interventions causing real or perceived energy-depletion, e.g. dietary ...
... “Targeting the ER-Mitochondrial Interface to Combat Age-Related Disease” The combination of an aging global population and the prevalence of age-onset diseases is generating a public health burden that is becoming insurmountable. Interventions causing real or perceived energy-depletion, e.g. dietary ...
Pain relief produces negative reinforcement through activation of
... processing (38). These diverse patterns of neuronal activity are likely reflected in the observed complexity of dopaminergic signaling in experimental models of tonic pain (39, 40). In the present study, we found no change in the number of FOS-positive neurons in incised versus sham rats. Further, t ...
... processing (38). These diverse patterns of neuronal activity are likely reflected in the observed complexity of dopaminergic signaling in experimental models of tonic pain (39, 40). In the present study, we found no change in the number of FOS-positive neurons in incised versus sham rats. Further, t ...
“Parcelation of the White Matter Using DTI: Insights into the
... DTI reconstructions two types of fibers can be recognised: a) olfactory fibers, connecting the olfactory bulb, anterior olfactory nucleus and anterior perforated substance, and b) non-olfactory fibers, which are further subdivided in anterior subdivisions connecting the amygdale and temporal pole (f ...
... DTI reconstructions two types of fibers can be recognised: a) olfactory fibers, connecting the olfactory bulb, anterior olfactory nucleus and anterior perforated substance, and b) non-olfactory fibers, which are further subdivided in anterior subdivisions connecting the amygdale and temporal pole (f ...
CNS Distribution of Members of the Two-Pore
... Two-pore-domain potassium (K ⫹) channels are substrates for resting K ⫹ currents in neurons. They are major targets for endogenous modulators, as well as for clinically important compounds such as volatile anesthetics. In the current study, we report on the CNS distribution in the rat and mouse of m ...
... Two-pore-domain potassium (K ⫹) channels are substrates for resting K ⫹ currents in neurons. They are major targets for endogenous modulators, as well as for clinically important compounds such as volatile anesthetics. In the current study, we report on the CNS distribution in the rat and mouse of m ...
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... The Golgi silver-impregnation method established itself as an important technique for distinguishing morphology at the individual neuron level. This technique has been especially useful for studying human neuroanatomy because it works on postmortem tissue but it is also unreliable and capricious. In ...
... The Golgi silver-impregnation method established itself as an important technique for distinguishing morphology at the individual neuron level. This technique has been especially useful for studying human neuroanatomy because it works on postmortem tissue but it is also unreliable and capricious. In ...
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... Whoever devised the names for nerve fibers was not a marketing guy. Fibers are categorized by diameter and transmission speed, in a slightly confusing combination of Roman numerals, Greek letters and Arabic letters and numerals. I’ll use the Roman I-IV to differentiate the sensory fibers. I and II a ...
... Whoever devised the names for nerve fibers was not a marketing guy. Fibers are categorized by diameter and transmission speed, in a slightly confusing combination of Roman numerals, Greek letters and Arabic letters and numerals. I’ll use the Roman I-IV to differentiate the sensory fibers. I and II a ...
NSS214 - National Open University of Nigeria
... parts divide into cavities called ventricles in the brain. These become filled with cerebrospinal fluid. These cavities are connected to themselves and are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord. The central nervous system is composed of grey and white matter. Grey matter is composed o ...
... parts divide into cavities called ventricles in the brain. These become filled with cerebrospinal fluid. These cavities are connected to themselves and are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord. The central nervous system is composed of grey and white matter. Grey matter is composed o ...
Survival of some photoreceptor cells in albino rats following
... weeks of age. After 54 days in constant light the outer nuclear layer in most regions of the retinas was reduced to one incomplete row of photoreceptor nuclei (Fig. 1, A). The outer plexiform layer essentially was missing in these areas, and many of the photoreceptor cells appeared to be displaced i ...
... weeks of age. After 54 days in constant light the outer nuclear layer in most regions of the retinas was reduced to one incomplete row of photoreceptor nuclei (Fig. 1, A). The outer plexiform layer essentially was missing in these areas, and many of the photoreceptor cells appeared to be displaced i ...
commissural axons
... mechanism of action of axon guidance cues is much more complex than initially thought. In particular, many molecules interact and novel properties can emerge from cues acting together, rather than individually. Our current goals are thus to characterise the molecular crosstalks between the different ...
... mechanism of action of axon guidance cues is much more complex than initially thought. In particular, many molecules interact and novel properties can emerge from cues acting together, rather than individually. Our current goals are thus to characterise the molecular crosstalks between the different ...
The Peripheral Nervous System
... Example: The abducens nerve (VI) originates from the pons and exits the skull through the superior orbital fissure. It innervates the lateral rectus muscle which causes the eye to rotate laterally. Injury to this nerve on either side causes an inability to rotate that eye laterally, and unopposed fu ...
... Example: The abducens nerve (VI) originates from the pons and exits the skull through the superior orbital fissure. It innervates the lateral rectus muscle which causes the eye to rotate laterally. Injury to this nerve on either side causes an inability to rotate that eye laterally, and unopposed fu ...
neurophysics.ucsd.edu
... used for touch [5,6]. In humans and some other mammalian species, specialized orofacial movements produce vocalizations or speech. These actions, which are central to mammalian life, must be coordinated with a high degree of precision to prevent blockages of the airway and other maladaptive interact ...
... used for touch [5,6]. In humans and some other mammalian species, specialized orofacial movements produce vocalizations or speech. These actions, which are central to mammalian life, must be coordinated with a high degree of precision to prevent blockages of the airway and other maladaptive interact ...
Depolarization stimulates lamellipodia formation and
... Since little is known about the effects of electric activity on neurite outgrowth in mammalian cerebral cortex neurons and the underlying cell biological mechanisms, we examined the effects of depolarization on neocortical neurons from fetal rats growing in culture. The effects of depolarization wer ...
... Since little is known about the effects of electric activity on neurite outgrowth in mammalian cerebral cortex neurons and the underlying cell biological mechanisms, we examined the effects of depolarization on neocortical neurons from fetal rats growing in culture. The effects of depolarization wer ...
N.L. Strominger et al. Cerebellum, in Noback`s Human
... fibers) that remain within the granular layer and have large terminal rosettes within other glomeruli contacting granule cell dendrites as well as dendrioles of other unipolar brush cells, thus amplifying the excitatory effect of the extrinsic mossy fibers and potentiating vestibular signals and sen ...
... fibers) that remain within the granular layer and have large terminal rosettes within other glomeruli contacting granule cell dendrites as well as dendrioles of other unipolar brush cells, thus amplifying the excitatory effect of the extrinsic mossy fibers and potentiating vestibular signals and sen ...
Nerve activates contraction
... neurons in a chain or relay Pathways cross from one side of the CNS to the other (decussate) ...
... neurons in a chain or relay Pathways cross from one side of the CNS to the other (decussate) ...
STOCHASTIC GENERATION OF BIOLOGICALLY - G
... C. Outline of the thesis Fig. 1 represents the central idea behind this thesis. We propose that brain networks are often, but not exclusively, arranged in a lattice structure defined by five groups of input morphological parameters. Lattice structures are known to play a prominent role in the brain ...
... C. Outline of the thesis Fig. 1 represents the central idea behind this thesis. We propose that brain networks are often, but not exclusively, arranged in a lattice structure defined by five groups of input morphological parameters. Lattice structures are known to play a prominent role in the brain ...
Transgenic Mouse Lines Subdivide Medial Vestibular Nucleus
... gen). Reactions were then incubated at 50°C for 1 h and 75°C for 10 min mouse line with a fluorescently labeled population distinct from that of and stored at 4°C. Positive controls [whole-brain RNA preparations GIN neurons, we examined mice generated by insertion of a modified (RNeasy kit; Qiagen, ...
... gen). Reactions were then incubated at 50°C for 1 h and 75°C for 10 min mouse line with a fluorescently labeled population distinct from that of and stored at 4°C. Positive controls [whole-brain RNA preparations GIN neurons, we examined mice generated by insertion of a modified (RNeasy kit; Qiagen, ...
The Somatosensory System: Receptors and Central Pathways
... of those signals to the central nervous system. The cell body of a dorsal root ganglion neuron lies in a ganglion on the dorsal root of a spinal or cranial nerve. Dorsal root ganglion neurons originate from the neural crest and are intimately associated with the nearby segment of the spinal cord. Do ...
... of those signals to the central nervous system. The cell body of a dorsal root ganglion neuron lies in a ganglion on the dorsal root of a spinal or cranial nerve. Dorsal root ganglion neurons originate from the neural crest and are intimately associated with the nearby segment of the spinal cord. Do ...
Functional Anatomy of the Peripheral Nervous System
... Neuron Types by Function • Sensory Neurons – “Input” = afferent – Send impulses toward CNS ...
... Neuron Types by Function • Sensory Neurons – “Input” = afferent – Send impulses toward CNS ...
Passive Properties of Swimmeret Motor Neurons
... the state of the swimmeret system changed from quiescence to continuous production of the motor pattern, the resting potentials, input resistances, and membrane time constants of individual swimmeret motor neurons changed only slightly. On average, both input resistance and membrane time constant in ...
... the state of the swimmeret system changed from quiescence to continuous production of the motor pattern, the resting potentials, input resistances, and membrane time constants of individual swimmeret motor neurons changed only slightly. On average, both input resistance and membrane time constant in ...
Diabetic Complications Diabetic Neuropathy Multiple mechanisms
... LOSS OF PROTECTIVE SENSATION = risk of injury, infection & gangrene — Screening using monofilament: replicates 10g load when applied to skin at 90o with just enough force to make it bend — Applied at 3-5 sites on plantar aspect of foot & patient asked to report when they can feel it (tip of big to ...
... LOSS OF PROTECTIVE SENSATION = risk of injury, infection & gangrene — Screening using monofilament: replicates 10g load when applied to skin at 90o with just enough force to make it bend — Applied at 3-5 sites on plantar aspect of foot & patient asked to report when they can feel it (tip of big to ...
ppt - Old Saybrook Public Schools
... Retina: absorbs light, processes images, and sends information to the brain Optic disk: where the optic nerve leaves the eye/ blind spot Receptor cells: - F 4.8 – Rods: black and white/ low light vision – Cones: color and daylight vision • Adaptation: becoming more or less sensitive to light as need ...
... Retina: absorbs light, processes images, and sends information to the brain Optic disk: where the optic nerve leaves the eye/ blind spot Receptor cells: - F 4.8 – Rods: black and white/ low light vision – Cones: color and daylight vision • Adaptation: becoming more or less sensitive to light as need ...
Memory, Learning, and Synaptic Plasticity
... matrix can store memory. In this synaptic matrix, axons of five potential, respectively. The integration rule of each postsynaptic presynaptic input neurons (A–E, red) form specific connections with neuron is set such that it fires when two or more of its presynaptic dendrites of five postsynaptic o ...
... matrix can store memory. In this synaptic matrix, axons of five potential, respectively. The integration rule of each postsynaptic presynaptic input neurons (A–E, red) form specific connections with neuron is set such that it fires when two or more of its presynaptic dendrites of five postsynaptic o ...
AN INTEGRATIVE THEORY OF LOCUS
... mechanisms. The importance of arousal is undeniable: It is closely related to other phenomena such as sleep, attention, anxiety, stress, and motivation. Dampened arousal leads to drowsiness and, in the limit, sleep. Heightened arousal (brought on by the sudden appearance of an environmentally salien ...
... mechanisms. The importance of arousal is undeniable: It is closely related to other phenomena such as sleep, attention, anxiety, stress, and motivation. Dampened arousal leads to drowsiness and, in the limit, sleep. Heightened arousal (brought on by the sudden appearance of an environmentally salien ...