The Neuropsychology of Reading Disorders
... c) Fiber Tracts: 1. Projection Fibers - involved in subcortical connections from lower brain regions, such as thalamus, to the neocortex. 2. Association Fibers - consist of both long and short fiber bundles that connect cortical areas to one another. 3. Commissural Fibers - primarily function to con ...
... c) Fiber Tracts: 1. Projection Fibers - involved in subcortical connections from lower brain regions, such as thalamus, to the neocortex. 2. Association Fibers - consist of both long and short fiber bundles that connect cortical areas to one another. 3. Commissural Fibers - primarily function to con ...
Proliferation, differentiation and degeneration in the spinal ganglia
... days t o hatching was used. The analysis of hypoplasia is based on a large number of extirpations of the right wing or leg bud, respecively. All operations were done on embryos of two and one-half to three days of incubation. For the details of the technique see Hamburger ( '42). The embryos were fi ...
... days t o hatching was used. The analysis of hypoplasia is based on a large number of extirpations of the right wing or leg bud, respecively. All operations were done on embryos of two and one-half to three days of incubation. For the details of the technique see Hamburger ( '42). The embryos were fi ...
Signal Propagation and Logic Gating in Networks of Integrate
... fluctuations around the mean (there are 200 ⫾ 14 connections per neuron) that allow for more cells in higher layers. The number 33 was chosen as a compromise between maximizing the number of neurons in each layer and the number of layers that satisfy the prescribed conditions (sometimes for layer 6, ...
... fluctuations around the mean (there are 200 ⫾ 14 connections per neuron) that allow for more cells in higher layers. The number 33 was chosen as a compromise between maximizing the number of neurons in each layer and the number of layers that satisfy the prescribed conditions (sometimes for layer 6, ...
Spinal Cord Review
... Loss of conscious proprioception, two-point discrimination and vibratory sense ipsilaterally is due to interruption of the posterior white columns (fasciculus gracilis/cuneatus). This is frequently accompanied by a Romberg sign. A normal individual, standing erect with heels together and eyes closed ...
... Loss of conscious proprioception, two-point discrimination and vibratory sense ipsilaterally is due to interruption of the posterior white columns (fasciculus gracilis/cuneatus). This is frequently accompanied by a Romberg sign. A normal individual, standing erect with heels together and eyes closed ...
Epilepsy in Small
... active population to travel 10 steps before the neurons recover. For the Poisson model, the synaptic delay was set at 3.7 msec and a refractory time of 36 msec, whereas in the integrate-and-fire model, the synaptic delay was 2.8 msec and the refractory time was 28 msec. The Hodgkin– Huxley model had ...
... active population to travel 10 steps before the neurons recover. For the Poisson model, the synaptic delay was set at 3.7 msec and a refractory time of 36 msec, whereas in the integrate-and-fire model, the synaptic delay was 2.8 msec and the refractory time was 28 msec. The Hodgkin– Huxley model had ...
NG2 cells response to axonal alteration in the spinal cord white
... neurodegeneration in the spinal cord of this animal model have been classified. In the first stage, neurofilament heavy subunit (NFH) is redistributed and accumulates in the neuronal perikarya and proximal axons of the spinal cord, together with inhibited expression of the βsubunit (CD11b) of comple ...
... neurodegeneration in the spinal cord of this animal model have been classified. In the first stage, neurofilament heavy subunit (NFH) is redistributed and accumulates in the neuronal perikarya and proximal axons of the spinal cord, together with inhibited expression of the βsubunit (CD11b) of comple ...
![[10] P. Paul, J de Belleroche, The role of D-amino acids in](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/022394228_1-c70b74890df8cd7f8a841431fb6562f6-300x300.png)
[10] P. Paul, J de Belleroche, The role of D-amino acids in
... staining [25]. This further substantiates the localisation of D-serine in motor neurons together ...
... staining [25]. This further substantiates the localisation of D-serine in motor neurons together ...
Striatonigrostriatal pathways in primates form an
... was classified as follows. (1) “Motor” striatum were injection sites that labeled cells primarily in frontal cortical areas 4 and 6 with few labeled cells in areas 9 and 46, and scattered cells, or none, in orbitofrontal regions or in areas 32, 25, 24, a or b; (2) “limbic” striatum were injection si ...
... was classified as follows. (1) “Motor” striatum were injection sites that labeled cells primarily in frontal cortical areas 4 and 6 with few labeled cells in areas 9 and 46, and scattered cells, or none, in orbitofrontal regions or in areas 32, 25, 24, a or b; (2) “limbic” striatum were injection si ...
Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... Fig. 4.13 Some sources of nonlinear (modulatory) effects between synapses as modeled by sigma-pi nodes. (A) shunting (divisive) inhibition, which is often recorded as the effect of inhibitory synapses on the cell body. (B) The effect of simultaneously activated voltage-gated excitatory synapses that ...
... Fig. 4.13 Some sources of nonlinear (modulatory) effects between synapses as modeled by sigma-pi nodes. (A) shunting (divisive) inhibition, which is often recorded as the effect of inhibitory synapses on the cell body. (B) The effect of simultaneously activated voltage-gated excitatory synapses that ...
motor pathways i-iii
... a) The planning and programming of motor activity (includes the selection of muscles to contract and relax, the sequence of these actions, etc.), precedes the activation of the motor cortices and are believed to occur in the supplementary motor area (SMA) and the premotor area (PMA). b) SMA is on th ...
... a) The planning and programming of motor activity (includes the selection of muscles to contract and relax, the sequence of these actions, etc.), precedes the activation of the motor cortices and are believed to occur in the supplementary motor area (SMA) and the premotor area (PMA). b) SMA is on th ...
diencephalon - Loyola University Medical Education Network
... a.) Identify the specific (or relay) nuclei of the thalamus, source of their afferents and which ones project to: i. Prefrontal cortex ii. Primary motor cortex iii. Somatic sensory cortex iv. Primary visual cortex v. Primary auditory cortex b.) Name the association nuclei of the thalamus and define ...
... a.) Identify the specific (or relay) nuclei of the thalamus, source of their afferents and which ones project to: i. Prefrontal cortex ii. Primary motor cortex iii. Somatic sensory cortex iv. Primary visual cortex v. Primary auditory cortex b.) Name the association nuclei of the thalamus and define ...
Primate Red Nucleus Discharge Encodes the Dynamics of Limb
... voluntary limb movement. Recordings were made from 158 neurons during two different kinds of limb movement tasks. One was a tracking task in which the subjects were required to acquire targets displayed on an oscilloscope by rotating one of six different single degree of freedom manipulanda. During ...
... voluntary limb movement. Recordings were made from 158 neurons during two different kinds of limb movement tasks. One was a tracking task in which the subjects were required to acquire targets displayed on an oscilloscope by rotating one of six different single degree of freedom manipulanda. During ...
Embryological origin for autism
... malformations and hearing deficits. The last symptom does not necessarily indicate an injury to cranial nerve VIII, which carries auditory information, because the damage could be located in the external, middle, or inner ear or at other stations along the auditory pathways. Both the cranial nerve m ...
... malformations and hearing deficits. The last symptom does not necessarily indicate an injury to cranial nerve VIII, which carries auditory information, because the damage could be located in the external, middle, or inner ear or at other stations along the auditory pathways. Both the cranial nerve m ...
Deficient Fear Conditioning in Psychopathy
... to the rigid plastic tube. Stimulation intensity was determined before the conditioning procedure by increasing the pressure velocity to a point where the subjects estimated the stimulus as moderately unpleasant (4 on a scale in which 1 indicates not at all unpleasant and 5, extremely unpleasant). T ...
... to the rigid plastic tube. Stimulation intensity was determined before the conditioning procedure by increasing the pressure velocity to a point where the subjects estimated the stimulus as moderately unpleasant (4 on a scale in which 1 indicates not at all unpleasant and 5, extremely unpleasant). T ...
Chemosensory pathways in the brainstem controlling
... so the localization of perikarya may yield little specific information about the potential functional role of any subnuclei. However, it is clear that the medial, dorsomedial and commissural subnuclei are particularly strongly innervated by chemoreceptor afferents Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B (2009) ...
... so the localization of perikarya may yield little specific information about the potential functional role of any subnuclei. However, it is clear that the medial, dorsomedial and commissural subnuclei are particularly strongly innervated by chemoreceptor afferents Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B (2009) ...
Chapter 14 - apsubiology.org
... Cholinergic fibers/neurons tend to cause relatively short-lived effects due to the rapid hydrolysis of acetylcholine by cholinesterase in the synapse Adrenergic fibers/neurons tend to cause relatively longer-lived effects due to the slower degradation of norepinephrine by catechol-omethyltransfera ...
... Cholinergic fibers/neurons tend to cause relatively short-lived effects due to the rapid hydrolysis of acetylcholine by cholinesterase in the synapse Adrenergic fibers/neurons tend to cause relatively longer-lived effects due to the slower degradation of norepinephrine by catechol-omethyltransfera ...
Visual detection deficits following inactivation of the superior colliculus in the cat
... et al., 1982; Overton & Dean, 1988; Lomber et al., 2001). Unfortunately, the interpretation of these studies is limited because of one or more of the following considerations: (1) Most of these experiments used permanent ablation of the SC rather than reversible inactivation. SC ablation initially p ...
... et al., 1982; Overton & Dean, 1988; Lomber et al., 2001). Unfortunately, the interpretation of these studies is limited because of one or more of the following considerations: (1) Most of these experiments used permanent ablation of the SC rather than reversible inactivation. SC ablation initially p ...
Differential Spatial Organization of Otolith Signals in Frog Vestibular
... conserved positions along the underlying rhombomeric scaffold (Straka et al. 2001). Thus it is possible that 2° canal and 2° otolith neurons of all types are segmentally organized (Baker 1998; Straka et al. 2001; Suwa et al. 1999). Although rhombomeres generally are evident only during embryonic sta ...
... conserved positions along the underlying rhombomeric scaffold (Straka et al. 2001). Thus it is possible that 2° canal and 2° otolith neurons of all types are segmentally organized (Baker 1998; Straka et al. 2001; Suwa et al. 1999). Although rhombomeres generally are evident only during embryonic sta ...
Learn about synapses
... For another explanation of the synapse, the Society for Neuroscience has written a short summary called How do nerve cells communicate? Play the Lost Synapse Game from the Nobel e-Museum. Happy 106th Birthday to the word "SYNAPSE". In 2003, the word "synapse" turned 106 years old. The word synapse w ...
... For another explanation of the synapse, the Society for Neuroscience has written a short summary called How do nerve cells communicate? Play the Lost Synapse Game from the Nobel e-Museum. Happy 106th Birthday to the word "SYNAPSE". In 2003, the word "synapse" turned 106 years old. The word synapse w ...
From neuroanatomy to behavior: central integration of peripheral
... of these neurons4. Recent work has suggested that these projections of melanocortin neurons to melanocortin (MC3 and MC4) receptors in the CNS determine feeding behavior, as well as energy and glucose homeostasis (Fig. 1)4,10–16. Additional work has suggested a differential regulation of these biolo ...
... of these neurons4. Recent work has suggested that these projections of melanocortin neurons to melanocortin (MC3 and MC4) receptors in the CNS determine feeding behavior, as well as energy and glucose homeostasis (Fig. 1)4,10–16. Additional work has suggested a differential regulation of these biolo ...
Abstract Book Brain Circuits for Positive Emotions
... of happiness often seems to ignore this possibility. Perhaps the best-known example of this possibility outside philosophy is one from economics: inability to defer gratification or present happiness will make you worse off. But many other cases have been described by philosophers over the centuries ...
... of happiness often seems to ignore this possibility. Perhaps the best-known example of this possibility outside philosophy is one from economics: inability to defer gratification or present happiness will make you worse off. But many other cases have been described by philosophers over the centuries ...
GABAergic neuron distribution in the pedunculopontine nucleus
... Indeed, recent studies have shown that there are also functional differences between the two portions of the PPN, which have been evaluated in terms of behavioral responses following excitotoxic lesions or electrical stimulation (Alderson et al., 2006, 2008; Andero et al., 2007). Taken together, the ...
... Indeed, recent studies have shown that there are also functional differences between the two portions of the PPN, which have been evaluated in terms of behavioral responses following excitotoxic lesions or electrical stimulation (Alderson et al., 2006, 2008; Andero et al., 2007). Taken together, the ...
PDF Document
... ral membrane excitability by developing an optogenetic approach for generating local proton microdomains using two-component optogenetics. Extracellular proton-gated ion channels, known as acid sensing ion channels (ASICs), are widely expressed in the peripheral and central nervous system. We hypoth ...
... ral membrane excitability by developing an optogenetic approach for generating local proton microdomains using two-component optogenetics. Extracellular proton-gated ion channels, known as acid sensing ion channels (ASICs), are widely expressed in the peripheral and central nervous system. We hypoth ...
Basic Science Award Recipients 2003
... “Targeting the ER-Mitochondrial Interface to Combat Age-Related Disease” The combination of an aging global population and the prevalence of age-onset diseases is generating a public health burden that is becoming insurmountable. Interventions causing real or perceived energy-depletion, e.g. dietary ...
... “Targeting the ER-Mitochondrial Interface to Combat Age-Related Disease” The combination of an aging global population and the prevalence of age-onset diseases is generating a public health burden that is becoming insurmountable. Interventions causing real or perceived energy-depletion, e.g. dietary ...
Brain activation pattern depends on the strategy chosen by zebra
... responsible for the analysis of the ‘where’ (the location) of an object, whereas the collothalamic pathway is responsible for the ‘what’, i.e. the visual traits of the same object. As already mentioned above, a number of studies with immediate early genes have shown that the hippocampus is activated ...
... responsible for the analysis of the ‘where’ (the location) of an object, whereas the collothalamic pathway is responsible for the ‘what’, i.e. the visual traits of the same object. As already mentioned above, a number of studies with immediate early genes have shown that the hippocampus is activated ...