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Denis Creissels E-mail: denis.creissels@univ
Denis Creissels E-mail: denis.creissels@univ

... allowed for a construction with reše ‘sky’ instead of c̄’a(ri) in S role. Normally, with tense markers expressing S/P agreement, c̄’ōruʟa shows non-human singular agreement, which is consistent with the grammatical nature of its possible S arguments. The result of the insertion of the raising verb b ...
essential writing knowledge
essential writing knowledge

... Words in their first definition (the one provided first in the dictionary) are classified into one of seven categories (parts of speech) which identify their most common role in a sentence; however, like a person who remains him or herself while functioning in a number of roles throughout the day, w ...
Automatic approaches 1: frequency
Automatic approaches 1: frequency

... What is a Collocation? • A COLLOCATION is an expression consisting of two or more words that correspond to some conventional way of saying things. • The words together can mean more than their sum of parts (The Times of India, disk drive) – Previous examples: hot dog, mother in law ...
grammar - BS Publication
grammar - BS Publication

... 1 . That apartment is costlier than this. 2 . This boy is cleverer than that. 3 . I hate smoking and drinking. These are harmful to health. 4 . The lions of Africa are fiercer than those of India. 5 . He is a fatherly figure, so we must respect him as such. 3 . INDEFINITE PRONOUN : An indefinite pro ...
A Proposal for a Part-of-Speech Tagset for the Albanian Language
A Proposal for a Part-of-Speech Tagset for the Albanian Language

... Nouns have the following morphological categories: • Case (nominative, accusative, dative, genitive and ablative): The inflectional suffixes for the dative, genitive and ablative forms are identical. The distinction between them can only be made from context. • Definiteness (indefinite and definite) ...
Let Us All Learn About ---==”Subject and Verb Agreement”
Let Us All Learn About ---==”Subject and Verb Agreement”

... 19. The title of a book, magazine, or movie is considered singular and therefore requires singular verb. Examples: a. The Country Life Book of Fairy Tales is authored by P. Pierce. b. Men in Black is a science fiction movie. ...
Elements Of Style FINAL
Elements Of Style FINAL

... Nether Stowey, where Coleridge wrote The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, is a few miles from Bridgewater. In these sentences, the clauses introduced by which, when, and where are nonrestrictive; they do not limit or define, they merely add something. In the first example, the clause introduced by which ...
Common French Words - Sherwood Core French
Common French Words - Sherwood Core French

... 2. contr. contraction of de les: of the, from the, some. 1. prep. of (expresses belonging) 2. prep. ‘s (used to express property or association) 3. prep. from (used to indicate origin) 4. prep. of (indicates an amount) 5. prep. used attributively, often translated into English as a compound word 1.  ...
Lesson Planner
Lesson Planner

... Use context-based strategies to define words. Identify topic, main ideas, and details. Answer questions that use different types of signal words. ...
Exercise Set 3.5
Exercise Set 3.5

... Examine the following examples of accompaniment. I will leave the town with my father. We were standing in the field with our king. The boys are talking with the girls. 1. What is the function of accompaniment? 2. How is accompaniment related to the verb? 3. How does English express accompaniment? 4 ...
Tone assignment on Nata deverbal nouns - UBC Linguistics
Tone assignment on Nata deverbal nouns - UBC Linguistics

... o-mú-haan-i ‘a giver’ is a non-passivized agentive deverbal noun and o-mu-háan-u ‘a person who is given away’ is a passivized agentive deverbal noun. Both non-passivized and passivized agentive deverbal nouns take C1 or C2 as class markers, which are class markers that indicate human beings. C1 en ...
The Acquisition of English Locative Constructions by Native
The Acquisition of English Locative Constructions by Native

... However, there are more complex types of verbs that are subject to greater argument structure variation, which pose difficulty for many L2 learners. These verbs may appear in different syntactic structures but have the same arguments, or may appear in the same syntactic structures but have different ...
More than One Sense Per Discourse
More than One Sense Per Discourse

... provide a much larger set of training instances, which is a central problem for disambiguation. In our own experiments with disambiguation we found a number of instances where words appeared in the same document with more than one meaning [Krovetz and Croft 92]. These observations were based on expe ...
Linguistics 051 Proto-Indo-European Language and Society The
Linguistics 051 Proto-Indo-European Language and Society The

... It has been suggested that the Aktionsart of a verb root in PIE determines whether its una"xed root makes a present or aorist stem. This works some of the time, but not always, suggesting that the system may have been like this very early on but had become irregular by PIE. ...
On the Argument Structure of Verbs with Bi
On the Argument Structure of Verbs with Bi

... mean that the verbs under discussion productively have two event construals. Two ways of implementing this are imaginable. Either these verbs have two different lexical entries, a solution which does not look attractive to us. Alternatively, these verbs could basically be result verbs, which, howeve ...
CHINESE PASSIVES: TRANSFORMATIONAL OR LEXICAL?*
CHINESE PASSIVES: TRANSFORMATIONAL OR LEXICAL?*

... position. As this property may not be changed during the syntactic derivation, there must be an element in the [NP, VP] position at both S-structure and D-structure. In (22a) the argument purse has to move to the [NP,S] position to be assigned. Thus, the trace is left behind the verb. The passive ma ...
Lecture 5
Lecture 5

... How do we decide whether a language is morphologically rich and/or productive? Linguistically Difficult (enumerate all morphological processes) Fuzzy/Subjective ...
Relational Words - Kathy Hirsh
Relational Words - Kathy Hirsh

... explain why verbs and other relational terms are generally harder to learn than words from other lexical classes such as nouns; Golinkoff and colleagues (1996) built on this framework. First, verbs are polysemous. They are more likely to have multiple meanings than nouns. For example, Merriam-Webste ...
An Analysis of the Suffixes –Er and –Zi in Mandarin
An Analysis of the Suffixes –Er and –Zi in Mandarin

... This thesis investigates the suffixes –er and –zi in Mandarin. One of the interesting features of these suffixes is that in some varieties of Mandarin, such as that of Beijing, they often are interchangeable in the words in which they appear. See, for example, the following words: hái-zi 孩子 / hái-er ...
V11_A7 - Philippine ESL Journal
V11_A7 - Philippine ESL Journal

... grammar (Jonkergauw, 1900; Kaufmann, 1939; Howard, 1957). In the 1960s, however, there were more studies on specific word classes or parts of speech of the language. These include number concord (Juntado, 1961); word structure (Tordesillas, 1961); English-tense aspect for Hiligaynon speakers (Ruiz, ...
Here - plaza
Here - plaza

... – verbalization (a noun becomes –and acts like– a verb) – nominalization (a verb becomes –and acts like– a noun) Sometimes this happens more than once in a single word, like Akankiritwa, (“I am from here”): in this case, a noun becomes a verb that becomes a noun that becomes a verb again! The forms ...
Gerundives
Gerundives

... Noun / Adjective (Circle one) ...
CONTENT Introduction: __ _______3 Main part: __ ______14
CONTENT Introduction: __ _______3 Main part: __ ______14

... The formal unity of the word can best be illustrated by comparing a word and a word-group comprising identical constituents. The difference between a blackbird and a black bird is best explained by their relationship with the grammatical system of the language. The word blackbird, which is character ...
Part of Speech Annotation of a Turkish-German Code
Part of Speech Annotation of a Turkish-German Code

... Table 1. As in segmentation, the German POS tagging scheme is better defined and more standardised. Despite some existing work, Turkish POS tagging standards for UD is under development.6 As a result, we focus more on some aspects of Turkish POS tagging in our work. Detailed POS tagging guidelines a ...
Syntax and Semantics of the Prefix mis - Crisco
Syntax and Semantics of the Prefix mis - Crisco

... missay, in which the prefix mis- conveys the meaning "bad", and not "wrong", and does not directly qualify the base, but gives a negative connotation to the new verb. New forms, which are the object of our study, can only display the meaning "wrong" and there is a clear modification of the base by t ...
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Ojibwe grammar

The Ojibwe language is an Algonquian American Indian language spoken throughout the Great Lakes region and westward onto the northern plains. It is one of the largest American Indian languages north of Mexico in terms of number of speakers, and exhibits a large number of divergent dialects. For the most part, this article describes the Minnesota variety of the Southwestern dialect. The orthography used is the Fiero Double-Vowel System.Like many American languages, Ojibwe is polysynthetic, meaning it exhibits a great deal of synthesis and a very high morpheme-to-word ratio (e.g., the single word for ""they are Chinese"" is aniibiishaabookewininiiwiwag, which contains seven morphemes: elm-PEJORATIVE-liquid-make-man-be-PLURAL, or approximately ""they are leaf-soup [i.e., tea] makers""). It is agglutinating, and thus builds up words by stringing morpheme after morpheme together, rather than having several affixes which carry numerous different pieces of information.Like most Algonquian languages, Ojibwe distinguishes two different kinds of third person, a proximate and an obviative. The proximate is a traditional third person, while the obviative (also frequently called ""fourth person"") marks a less important third person if more than one third person is taking part in an action. In other words, Ojibwe uses the obviative to avoid the confusion that could be created by English sentences such as ""John and Bill were good friends, ever since the day he first saw him"" (who saw whom?). In Ojibwe, one of the two participants would be marked as proximate (whichever one was deemed more important), and the other marked as obviative.
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