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Developing a tagset for automated part-of
Developing a tagset for automated part-of

... detail). Its word order is principally SXOV, with some flexibility in the order of these elements; subject pronouns are frequently dropped. It possesses postpositions rather than prepositions. Inflection on verbs, nouns and adjectives takes the form of fusional affixes, many of which are homophonous ...
World Language Department at Northgate High
World Language Department at Northgate High

... 1. Use and understand learned expressions, sentences, and strings of sentences, questions, and polite commands when speaking and listening; ...
C H A P T E R I The ways in which new words are formed, and the
C H A P T E R I The ways in which new words are formed, and the

... cannot treat of the productivity of elements since that is a measure of the difference between our corpus and some future corpus of the language.’ Leonard Bloomfield, whose book Language[5] was the next work of major influence after that of de Saussure, re-emphasized the necessity of a scientific ap ...
The Ancient Languages of Asia Minor
The Ancient Languages of Asia Minor

... and Old Telegu from the end of the century. Moreover, the dating of these languages to the sixth century cannot be made precisely (not to suggest this is an especially unusual state of affairs) and it is equally possible that the earliest attestation of all three should be dated to the seventh centu ...
Problems of equivalence in some German and English constructions
Problems of equivalence in some German and English constructions

... gibt dem Mädchen ein Buch. According to the equation, this sentence would be translated as The man gives a book for the girl, instead of the correct sentence The man gives a book to the girl, or more simply, The man gives the girl a book. (We shall disregard the problem here of choosing the correct ...
Free! - Classical Academic Press
Free! - Classical Academic Press

... lists suggested schedules, extra worksheets, audio pronunciation files, coloring pages, handy grammar charts, and flash cards, as well as articles and recorded mp3 talks about teaching. Click here to open the Free Resources page in a web browser. Be sure to check out the free practice for your stude ...
Gerunds without phrase structure
Gerunds without phrase structure

... without assuming two nodes. All we need to assume is that the gerund itself is a single word which is simultaneously both a noun and a verb. So long as we distinguish gerunds from other kinds of nouns and verbs (as explained below), all the general facts will follow naturally and without any further ...
INGLIZ TILi va ADABIYOTI KAFEDRASI
INGLIZ TILi va ADABIYOTI KAFEDRASI

... terms of their past development, taken from different spheres, they also show that all levels of the language are apt to change: 1. The scholar of English will say that English spelling is difficult because it is more “conventional” (traditional) than phonetic. The values of Latin letters in English ...
Capitalization
Capitalization

... • Rule 3. A thorny aspect of capitalization: where does it stop? Most writers don't capitalize common nouns that simply describe the products (pizza, soap, hotel), but it's not always easy to determine where a brand name ends. There is Time magazine but also the New York Times Magazine. No one woul ...
slips of speech - WATA - World Association of Arab Translators
slips of speech - WATA - World Association of Arab Translators

... nations, races, and ages. It is shown by the savage in his love of personal decoration; by the civilized man in his love of art. But while it is thus universal, it is as different among men as their faces, complexions, characters, or languages. Even among people of the same nation, it is as differen ...
month
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... Identify and use the past and past participle forms of irregular verbs. Recognize that some irregular verbs follow patterns Identify which verb form is correct from pairs that are confused. ...
Turkish Relative Participles. A Reanalysis in Categorial Grammar.
Turkish Relative Participles. A Reanalysis in Categorial Grammar.

... constructions: nominal constructions, genitive groups and participles. Turkish nouns can be used as substantives, attributes or predicates. The Turkish genitive ...
The Oceanic Languages John Lynch, Malcolm Ross, Terry Crowley
The Oceanic Languages John Lynch, Malcolm Ross, Terry Crowley

... much of the comparative literature necessarily makes typological comparisons between languages (Pawley 1972, 1973, 1981, Clark 1976, Chung 1978, Lynch 1981, Ross 1988). Lynch (1998) represents an attempt to present a typological survey of the whole group, though for an introductory readership. The c ...
possessive constructions in nganasan - slm.uni
possessive constructions in nganasan - slm.uni

... can be further divided into subtypes, according to their elements and how they are coded. First I will present the Nganasan adnominal constructions and then turn to the predicative constructions. 2. Adnominal possession A possessive noun phrase in Nganasan is composed of a possessor and a possessed. ...
Table of Contents
Table of Contents

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Mismatches in default inheritance
Mismatches in default inheritance

... cats have fewer than four legs, perhaps as the result of an accident, so there are exceptions whose actual characteristics 'override' the default. When your particular cat stands up and you can count the legs, you do not have to revise its classification it is still a cat, but an exceptional one. In ...
introduction to sumerian grammar
introduction to sumerian grammar

... This would not be a problem except for a number of signs which have long and short values. For example, the sign túk can be read /tuk/ or /tuku/. Labat gives the latter reading as túku, which then does not represent tuku4, but rather tuku2, i.e. túk(u)! Borger's AbZ system, used here and in later e ...
Information Structure in Tinrin and Neku: topicalisation, impersonal
Information Structure in Tinrin and Neku: topicalisation, impersonal

... This paper discusses the information structures of Tinrin and Neku, two Oceanic languages critically endangered, spoken in the southern part of the main island of New Caledonia. Specifically, we shall be looking at topic-shift constructions and the formation of passive structures by the use of imper ...
A Grammar of the Tamil Language, with an Appendix
A Grammar of the Tamil Language, with an Appendix

... inuch difficulty. Those poetical writings contain indeed explanations in prose; and from them something more of Tamil style and diction may be attained; but they also differ much from the style used in civil life, and not unfrequently require another explanation to make them intelligible. The poems ...
Overview of Chapter Forty-Five
Overview of Chapter Forty-Five

... In a part of a day: in the morning, in the daytime In a month or a year: in December, in 1776 In a period of time: in an hour, in a few days At a specific time: at 10:00 A.M., at midnight ...
Chapter 45
Chapter 45

... In a part of a day: in the morning, in the daytime In a month or a year: in December, in 1776 In a period of time: in an hour, in a few days At a specific time: at 10:00 A.M., at midnight ...
A Sketch of Modern Hebrew Syntax
A Sketch of Modern Hebrew Syntax

... •  As  in  English,  the  basic  word  order  in  Hebrew  is   SVO.   •  This  suggests  the  rule  S  -­‐>  NP  VP   ...
Root infinitives in Dutch early child language: an effect of input?*
Root infinitives in Dutch early child language: an effect of input?*

... pattern was reversed. This contrast appeared to correspond well with the difference between the input languages. Other studies have looked at precedence relations in acquisition. Demuth () reported that Sesotho-speaking children start to use full-blown passives (including the equivalent of the b ...
PDF
PDF

... where English-speakers have been found to reliably discriminate the appropriate sentential contexts for count nouns, even on failure to retrieve them (Vigliocco et al., 1999). Collectively, these findings imply that available agreement information scaffolds prediction of upcoming items in discourse. I ...
Grammar Lecture Notes: Pronouns and Clauses
Grammar Lecture Notes: Pronouns and Clauses

... in both subject function and object function. There is a difference, however, depending on whether the relative clause is necessary (restrictive) or not. When the relative clause is restrictive, all three relative pronouns can be used. When the relative clause is non-restrictive, neither that nor th ...
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Ojibwe grammar

The Ojibwe language is an Algonquian American Indian language spoken throughout the Great Lakes region and westward onto the northern plains. It is one of the largest American Indian languages north of Mexico in terms of number of speakers, and exhibits a large number of divergent dialects. For the most part, this article describes the Minnesota variety of the Southwestern dialect. The orthography used is the Fiero Double-Vowel System.Like many American languages, Ojibwe is polysynthetic, meaning it exhibits a great deal of synthesis and a very high morpheme-to-word ratio (e.g., the single word for ""they are Chinese"" is aniibiishaabookewininiiwiwag, which contains seven morphemes: elm-PEJORATIVE-liquid-make-man-be-PLURAL, or approximately ""they are leaf-soup [i.e., tea] makers""). It is agglutinating, and thus builds up words by stringing morpheme after morpheme together, rather than having several affixes which carry numerous different pieces of information.Like most Algonquian languages, Ojibwe distinguishes two different kinds of third person, a proximate and an obviative. The proximate is a traditional third person, while the obviative (also frequently called ""fourth person"") marks a less important third person if more than one third person is taking part in an action. In other words, Ojibwe uses the obviative to avoid the confusion that could be created by English sentences such as ""John and Bill were good friends, ever since the day he first saw him"" (who saw whom?). In Ojibwe, one of the two participants would be marked as proximate (whichever one was deemed more important), and the other marked as obviative.
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