Mangani Grammar
... Rule 7. Pronouns Mangani do not use pronouns. Instead of that, they just use the nouns and make hand motions. Instead of “I”, they just say their own name. Instead of “you”, singular or plural, they just say the person’s name or point at the others. In preference to “he”, “she”, or “they”, they use ...
... Rule 7. Pronouns Mangani do not use pronouns. Instead of that, they just use the nouns and make hand motions. Instead of “I”, they just say their own name. Instead of “you”, singular or plural, they just say the person’s name or point at the others. In preference to “he”, “she”, or “they”, they use ...
Artificial Intelligence Illuminated
... intended to be an interesting and relevant introduction to the subject for other students or individuals who simply have an interest in the subject. The book assumes very little knowledge of computer science, but does assume some familiarity with basic concepts of algorithms and computer systems. Da ...
... intended to be an interesting and relevant introduction to the subject for other students or individuals who simply have an interest in the subject. The book assumes very little knowledge of computer science, but does assume some familiarity with basic concepts of algorithms and computer systems. Da ...
questions and answers: reasoning and querying in description logic
... class attributes, as well as the specification of elements of the classes and their properties. DL knowledge bases (KBs) consist of a terminological part which describes the general organisation of the classes, and an assertional part for describing the properties of individuals. In spite of its inh ...
... class attributes, as well as the specification of elements of the classes and their properties. DL knowledge bases (KBs) consist of a terminological part which describes the general organisation of the classes, and an assertional part for describing the properties of individuals. In spite of its inh ...
Full-Text PDF
... system. It can also be defined as the quantification of closeness between real system and its modeled fuzzy system. Interpretability and accuracy are contradictory issues in the design of a fuzzy system. An increment in either feature can only be done at the cost of the other. This situation is call ...
... system. It can also be defined as the quantification of closeness between real system and its modeled fuzzy system. Interpretability and accuracy are contradictory issues in the design of a fuzzy system. An increment in either feature can only be done at the cost of the other. This situation is call ...
From a children`s first dictionary to a lexical
... The study of words in the goal of understanding their meaning and how they relate to each other is a very large and complex field in itself. Aiming t o render this information usable by a computer presents an even larger problem. Researchers have tried to constrain this problem in a few ways. Words ...
... The study of words in the goal of understanding their meaning and how they relate to each other is a very large and complex field in itself. Aiming t o render this information usable by a computer presents an even larger problem. Researchers have tried to constrain this problem in a few ways. Words ...
Planning at the Phonological Level during Sentence Production
... 1992). With regard to planning, slips of the tongue may arise precisely because too many words are computed at the same time. They thus erroneously suggest more planning than normally occurs. Although error evidence has provided insight into planning in spontaneous speech for the reasons mentioned a ...
... 1992). With regard to planning, slips of the tongue may arise precisely because too many words are computed at the same time. They thus erroneously suggest more planning than normally occurs. Although error evidence has provided insight into planning in spontaneous speech for the reasons mentioned a ...
The acquisition of a unification-based generalised categorial grammar
... input from a corpus of spontaneous child-directed transcribed speech annotated with logical forms and sets the parameters based on this input. This framework is used as a basis to investigate several aspects of language acquisition. In this thesis I concentrate on the acquisition of subcategorisatio ...
... input from a corpus of spontaneous child-directed transcribed speech annotated with logical forms and sets the parameters based on this input. This framework is used as a basis to investigate several aspects of language acquisition. In this thesis I concentrate on the acquisition of subcategorisatio ...
Labeling Parts of Speech Using Untrained Annotators on
... overseas, crowdsourcing sends work to be solved by the public at large [4]. Companies and researchers have found that crowdsourcing over the Internet can be used to solve problems quickly and cheaply. Many papers have addressed using crowdsourcing for creating speech and language data ([5]-[23], dis ...
... overseas, crowdsourcing sends work to be solved by the public at large [4]. Companies and researchers have found that crowdsourcing over the Internet can be used to solve problems quickly and cheaply. Many papers have addressed using crowdsourcing for creating speech and language data ([5]-[23], dis ...
A Reanalysis of English Word Stress
... two rules in SPE that assign prim~ry stress: the Main stress Rule (cf. pp. 29-43, 69-77, 79f)39, 94-110, and 126-162; hereafter MSR) and the Alternating stress Rule (cf. pp. 77-79; hereafter ASR). Both rules will be reviewed briefly in § 1 below. In § 2, an argument will be given for the addition of ...
... two rules in SPE that assign prim~ry stress: the Main stress Rule (cf. pp. 29-43, 69-77, 79f)39, 94-110, and 126-162; hereafter MSR) and the Alternating stress Rule (cf. pp. 77-79; hereafter ASR). Both rules will be reviewed briefly in § 1 below. In § 2, an argument will be given for the addition of ...
Using a Goal-Agenda and Committed Actions in Real
... set of atomic goals, the aim is to compute a goal agenda as a total ordering between increasing subsets of goal atoms. Then, planning is viewed as an incremental search for increasing goal subsets from the goal agenda. This way, the efficiency of planning can be dramatically improved in many cases w ...
... set of atomic goals, the aim is to compute a goal agenda as a total ordering between increasing subsets of goal atoms. Then, planning is viewed as an incremental search for increasing goal subsets from the goal agenda. This way, the efficiency of planning can be dramatically improved in many cases w ...
Morphological contrastive analysis of adverbs in English
... Another way of forming adverbs is putting together a sequence of words with one lexical sense having their stress in an individual word and with a distinct orthography which is called adverbial locution. Adverbial locutions could be formulated in a number of ways: by reduplicating the same noun conn ...
... Another way of forming adverbs is putting together a sequence of words with one lexical sense having their stress in an individual word and with a distinct orthography which is called adverbial locution. Adverbial locutions could be formulated in a number of ways: by reduplicating the same noun conn ...
Distributional semantics in linguistic and cognitive research
... implications of corpus-based computational methods for the study of meaning. Distributional approaches raise the twofold question of the extent to which lexical properties can be reduced to their combinatorial behavior, as represented by their syntagmatic distribution in texts, and of the causal rol ...
... implications of corpus-based computational methods for the study of meaning. Distributional approaches raise the twofold question of the extent to which lexical properties can be reduced to their combinatorial behavior, as represented by their syntagmatic distribution in texts, and of the causal rol ...
Computing Preferred Answer Sets by Meta
... higher priority than (j) iff i < j (i.e., rule (1) has the highest priority and rule (4) the lowest). Then, A2 is no longer intuitive, as f lies is concluded from (4), which has lower priority than (3) where we conclude ¬f lies. Interestingly, even if this example is very simple, various preference ...
... higher priority than (j) iff i < j (i.e., rule (1) has the highest priority and rule (4) the lowest). Then, A2 is no longer intuitive, as f lies is concluded from (4), which has lower priority than (3) where we conclude ¬f lies. Interestingly, even if this example is very simple, various preference ...
On Comparative Suppletion
... (and adverbs) that have suppletive comparatives (good/well-better, bad-worse; much/manymore, little/few-less). Over such a small sample size, the absence of the ABA pattern, or of any other pattern, could be synchronically accidental. What makes the generalizations above of interest is their cross-l ...
... (and adverbs) that have suppletive comparatives (good/well-better, bad-worse; much/manymore, little/few-less). Over such a small sample size, the absence of the ABA pattern, or of any other pattern, could be synchronically accidental. What makes the generalizations above of interest is their cross-l ...
Unacceptable Ambiguity (1973)
... which is in the other conjunct? If these cases are assigned by a transformational rule, it must be made sensitive, for just these cases, to the verb in the left conjunct; if they are generated directly in the base by a context sensitive base rule, that base rule must be made sensitive, for just thes ...
... which is in the other conjunct? If these cases are assigned by a transformational rule, it must be made sensitive, for just these cases, to the verb in the left conjunct; if they are generated directly in the base by a context sensitive base rule, that base rule must be made sensitive, for just thes ...
Cooperative Heuristic Search with Software Agents - Aalto
... programs give different results based on the order in which instructions execute. With inconsistent results, it is easy to equate concurrency with malfunctioning parallel programs, but this view is too insular. The notorious reputation of concurrent programming is not completely unfounded, but it re ...
... programs give different results based on the order in which instructions execute. With inconsistent results, it is easy to equate concurrency with malfunctioning parallel programs, but this view is too insular. The notorious reputation of concurrent programming is not completely unfounded, but it re ...
Document
... Sources of English Vocabulary 2-1-3 Position and Character of the English Language in Indo-European Family English is classified as a Teutonic(条顿) language, that is, a Germanic language(日耳曼 语). To be more exact, English belongs to the Low West Germanic branch of the Indo-European family. That is to ...
... Sources of English Vocabulary 2-1-3 Position and Character of the English Language in Indo-European Family English is classified as a Teutonic(条顿) language, that is, a Germanic language(日耳曼 语). To be more exact, English belongs to the Low West Germanic branch of the Indo-European family. That is to ...
What is Linguistic Redundancy?
... economy (either in memory storage, memory retrieval, or both) that allows the participants of a conversation speedy access to the words in their mental lexicon. One of the maxims of Grice, i.e., Quantity, postulates that those participating in a language activity should employ as many distinctive f ...
... economy (either in memory storage, memory retrieval, or both) that allows the participants of a conversation speedy access to the words in their mental lexicon. One of the maxims of Grice, i.e., Quantity, postulates that those participating in a language activity should employ as many distinctive f ...
Robust French syntax analysis : reconciling statistical methods and
... 4.3.1 Generalising features using external resources 4.3.2 Talismane’s definition of a lexicon . . . . . . ...
... 4.3.1 Generalising features using external resources 4.3.2 Talismane’s definition of a lexicon . . . . . . ...
code/API
... reads the dictionary in and parses through it, removing unimportant information and separating the key information about the word's characteristics, from the actual definitions. After reading in and generating the dictionary, the program gets an input sentence and begins to tag the words in it for t ...
... reads the dictionary in and parses through it, removing unimportant information and separating the key information about the word's characteristics, from the actual definitions. After reading in and generating the dictionary, the program gets an input sentence and begins to tag the words in it for t ...
Domain Independent Sentence Generation from RDF
... In order to test our assumption that RDF representations in the scenario of the Semantic Web are not only logical representations but also contain rich linguistic information, we carried out an initial experiment (see [10] for more details about the results of our experiment). For this, we wrote a J ...
... In order to test our assumption that RDF representations in the scenario of the Semantic Web are not only logical representations but also contain rich linguistic information, we carried out an initial experiment (see [10] for more details about the results of our experiment). For this, we wrote a J ...
Heuristics - UCLA Cognitive Systems Laboratory
... and testing search algorithms. Classical approaches to heuristic search and planning assume a deterministic model of sequential decision making in which a solution takes the form of a sequence of actions that transforms a start state into a goal state. The effectiveness of heuristic search for class ...
... and testing search algorithms. Classical approaches to heuristic search and planning assume a deterministic model of sequential decision making in which a solution takes the form of a sequence of actions that transforms a start state into a goal state. The effectiveness of heuristic search for class ...
Part I: Heuristics
... and testing search algorithms. Classical approaches to heuristic search and planning assume a deterministic model of sequential decision making in which a solution takes the form of a sequence of actions that transforms a start state into a goal state. The effectiveness of heuristic search for class ...
... and testing search algorithms. Classical approaches to heuristic search and planning assume a deterministic model of sequential decision making in which a solution takes the form of a sequence of actions that transforms a start state into a goal state. The effectiveness of heuristic search for class ...
POC Sentiment Analysis
... we are giving negative terms like utter a positive value, we are trusting that the negativity of the phrase will appear and get a score in another word. Although, I am just realising, as utter almost always appears with a negative value it always ends up making the phrase it appears in 2 times negat ...
... we are giving negative terms like utter a positive value, we are trusting that the negativity of the phrase will appear and get a score in another word. Although, I am just realising, as utter almost always appears with a negative value it always ends up making the phrase it appears in 2 times negat ...
Introductory Linguistics
... Linguistics is the science of language; it studies the structure of human languages and aims to develop a general theory of how languages work. The field is surprisingly technical; to describe languages in detail requires a fair amount of formal notation. A good parallel would be the field of symbol ...
... Linguistics is the science of language; it studies the structure of human languages and aims to develop a general theory of how languages work. The field is surprisingly technical; to describe languages in detail requires a fair amount of formal notation. A good parallel would be the field of symbol ...