Constructing grammatical meaning
... It is generally agreed that the uses of the reflexive morpheme are mutually related in regular ways. What has remained a matter of dispute is how they are related, what each of them actually marks in the sentence, whether they share an invariant meaning and, if so, whether the unifying feature is syn ...
... It is generally agreed that the uses of the reflexive morpheme are mutually related in regular ways. What has remained a matter of dispute is how they are related, what each of them actually marks in the sentence, whether they share an invariant meaning and, if so, whether the unifying feature is syn ...
Verb movement in Germanic and Celtic
... why only Icelandic and Yiddish should have two CPs, or have V2 in IP, either approach raises the same question: Why are exactly Icelandic and Yiddish different? The same point can be made with regard to Modern English. We know it lacks generalized verb second in declarative clauses. To capture the ...
... why only Icelandic and Yiddish should have two CPs, or have V2 in IP, either approach raises the same question: Why are exactly Icelandic and Yiddish different? The same point can be made with regard to Modern English. We know it lacks generalized verb second in declarative clauses. To capture the ...
Present participles: Categorial classification and derivation Aya
... current study therefore complements the vast ongoing study of passive participles and argues for a minimally different analysis of these and present participles. The study also contributes to the debate over the nature of participles in general, namely whether they should be viewed as a "mixed cate ...
... current study therefore complements the vast ongoing study of passive participles and argues for a minimally different analysis of these and present participles. The study also contributes to the debate over the nature of participles in general, namely whether they should be viewed as a "mixed cate ...
1 Present participles
... current study therefore complements the vast ongoing study of passive participles and argues for a minimally different analysis of these and present participles. The study also contributes to the debate over the nature of participles in general, namely whether they should be viewed as a "mixed cate ...
... current study therefore complements the vast ongoing study of passive participles and argues for a minimally different analysis of these and present participles. The study also contributes to the debate over the nature of participles in general, namely whether they should be viewed as a "mixed cate ...
SPLIT-INTRANSITIVITY IN SWAHILI AND HITTITE
... syntactic structure is sufficient by itself to satisfy certain diagnostics of unaccusativity (Legendre and Sorace 2003). Levin and Rappaport Hovav (1995) argue that the syntactic classification of all verbs is semantically determined; therefore, the unaccusativity or unergativity of a verb is syntac ...
... syntactic structure is sufficient by itself to satisfy certain diagnostics of unaccusativity (Legendre and Sorace 2003). Levin and Rappaport Hovav (1995) argue that the syntactic classification of all verbs is semantically determined; therefore, the unaccusativity or unergativity of a verb is syntac ...
Modal Auxiliary Verbs - KSU Faculty Member websites
... sometimes act as a proper modal auxiliary (you needn't come) and sometimes as a semi-modal requiring do (you don't need to come).Had better shows the formal characteristics of modal verbs (no –s, no non-finite form and no chaining with other modals), but the presence of better makes treating it as ...
... sometimes act as a proper modal auxiliary (you needn't come) and sometimes as a semi-modal requiring do (you don't need to come).Had better shows the formal characteristics of modal verbs (no –s, no non-finite form and no chaining with other modals), but the presence of better makes treating it as ...
TWO CLASSES OF DOUBLE OBJECT VERBS: THE ROLE OF
... is clear that vAPPL is excluded from what Kratzer (1993) calls "lexical adjectival passives" (they cannot include any functional structure), it is less clear what excludes vAPPL from Kratzer's "phrasal adjectival passives". For the purposes of the present paper, I stick to Marantz' original proposal ...
... is clear that vAPPL is excluded from what Kratzer (1993) calls "lexical adjectival passives" (they cannot include any functional structure), it is less clear what excludes vAPPL from Kratzer's "phrasal adjectival passives". For the purposes of the present paper, I stick to Marantz' original proposal ...
Words and Sentences
... were, been, of which only one is derivable from a principal part (being is derived from be). On the history of this verb, see Indo-European copula. Verbs had more forms when the pronoun thou was still in regular use and there was a number distinction in the second person. To be, for instance, had ar ...
... were, been, of which only one is derivable from a principal part (being is derived from be). On the history of this verb, see Indo-European copula. Verbs had more forms when the pronoun thou was still in regular use and there was a number distinction in the second person. To be, for instance, had ar ...
Serial Verbs in Ibibio - KU ScholarWorks
... ((16)a) shows that the tense marker can only occur before V1 in a V1 V2 Obj serial verb construction. When the construction contains an overt conjunction, however, repetition of the tense marker immediately before the conjunction nyÁng is allowed. Furthermore, there is a difference in interpretation ...
... ((16)a) shows that the tense marker can only occur before V1 in a V1 V2 Obj serial verb construction. When the construction contains an overt conjunction, however, repetition of the tense marker immediately before the conjunction nyÁng is allowed. Furthermore, there is a difference in interpretation ...
Function of the Imperfect Tense in Mark`s Gospel
... are not physical categories, but are a metaphorical means of describing the relative importance of events recounted by a narrator. Both tense-forms express imperfective aspect, but they function differently in narrative. The present is generally used for statements in discourse proper.16 Conversely, ...
... are not physical categories, but are a metaphorical means of describing the relative importance of events recounted by a narrator. Both tense-forms express imperfective aspect, but they function differently in narrative. The present is generally used for statements in discourse proper.16 Conversely, ...
Persian Grammar Sketch
... Two prepositions (distinguish genuine compound prepositions of the type on to from sequences resulting from cases where a preposition has as its argument a prepositional phrase, e.g. from behind. In English these can for example be distinguished by means of the modification, e.g. from ten yards behi ...
... Two prepositions (distinguish genuine compound prepositions of the type on to from sequences resulting from cases where a preposition has as its argument a prepositional phrase, e.g. from behind. In English these can for example be distinguished by means of the modification, e.g. from ten yards behi ...
Päike sulatas suure jääpurika ära.
... provides examples of Estonian sentences that suggest a revision of this strong hypothesis. First, there are sentences without any direct object that, contrary to expectations, are compatible with Tenny’s tests of delimitedness and measuring out and with Van Hout’s tests for telicity. Second, the rel ...
... provides examples of Estonian sentences that suggest a revision of this strong hypothesis. First, there are sentences without any direct object that, contrary to expectations, are compatible with Tenny’s tests of delimitedness and measuring out and with Van Hout’s tests for telicity. Second, the rel ...
Syntax of Dutch. Verbs and Verb Phrases, Volume 1-3
... prt. Particle that combines with a particle verb ...
... prt. Particle that combines with a particle verb ...
The Classification of Subjunctive
... Normally questions in the subjunctive use first person, singular or plural (57 of 102), but when these questions are quoted indirectly the first person may change to second or third. Even beyond this there are a few instances where the deliberation is not with one's self, but advice is being asked f ...
... Normally questions in the subjunctive use first person, singular or plural (57 of 102), but when these questions are quoted indirectly the first person may change to second or third. Even beyond this there are a few instances where the deliberation is not with one's self, but advice is being asked f ...
German Reference Grammar
... The correct forms of the nouns are der Paß, die Fahrkarte, and das Gepäck. *Die Paß, *das Fahrkarte, and *der Gepäck are impossible combinations for a native speaker of German. Obviously, there is nothing especially masculine about a passport, or feminine about a ticket. These words have what is cal ...
... The correct forms of the nouns are der Paß, die Fahrkarte, and das Gepäck. *Die Paß, *das Fahrkarte, and *der Gepäck are impossible combinations for a native speaker of German. Obviously, there is nothing especially masculine about a passport, or feminine about a ticket. These words have what is cal ...
Unit 7 - GFF3 - Modals Part 2 Interactive
... Must, Must Not, Can’t = Make Deductions Use both “must” and “must not” for deductions Use “can’t” but not “can” for deductions “Must not” & “Must” when almost 100% sure “Can’t” when we are 100% sure Example: Shirley missed class. She must not be feeling well. Example: We had lunch half an hou ...
... Must, Must Not, Can’t = Make Deductions Use both “must” and “must not” for deductions Use “can’t” but not “can” for deductions “Must not” & “Must” when almost 100% sure “Can’t” when we are 100% sure Example: Shirley missed class. She must not be feeling well. Example: We had lunch half an hou ...
A constructional approach to mimetic verbs
... not seem to be always agreed upon in its extension to the sound of a bell, to a chubby girl, and to successive action. This inevitably leads to the lack of unique definitions of mimetic words. It is interesting to note that despite lack of consensus on what constitutes the meaning of a given mimetic ...
... not seem to be always agreed upon in its extension to the sound of a bell, to a chubby girl, and to successive action. This inevitably leads to the lack of unique definitions of mimetic words. It is interesting to note that despite lack of consensus on what constitutes the meaning of a given mimetic ...
Practice Makes Perfect: Spanish Irregular Verbs Up Close
... on earth did you come up with this form? If you find yourself in a quagmire of confusion or committing the same errors time and again, using this book systematically will “reprogram” your understanding of the verb system. This book is less concerned with the uses of the tenses and moods of Spanish v ...
... on earth did you come up with this form? If you find yourself in a quagmire of confusion or committing the same errors time and again, using this book systematically will “reprogram” your understanding of the verb system. This book is less concerned with the uses of the tenses and moods of Spanish v ...
A Realization Optimality-Theoretic approach to affix order
... non-indicatives (e.g. awun (masdar) ‘do’, t-awun (negated masdar); q’un (masdar) ‘hold’, ta-q’un (negated masdar)).11 Most verbs take periphrastic prefixal negative forms, which only apply to nonindicatives and ‘‘are formed with the auxiliary t-awun ‘not do’ and the Periphrasis form. The Periphrasis ...
... non-indicatives (e.g. awun (masdar) ‘do’, t-awun (negated masdar); q’un (masdar) ‘hold’, ta-q’un (negated masdar)).11 Most verbs take periphrastic prefixal negative forms, which only apply to nonindicatives and ‘‘are formed with the auxiliary t-awun ‘not do’ and the Periphrasis form. The Periphrasis ...
ASPECTS OF THE SEMANTICS OF THE AKAN
... In such instances, the idiomaticity or transparency of the phrasal verb is not associated with any of the components of the phrasal verb. It is associated with the compound as a whole, whose meaning has been transferred to a different context to yield a similar but metaphorical or polysemic interpre ...
... In such instances, the idiomaticity or transparency of the phrasal verb is not associated with any of the components of the phrasal verb. It is associated with the compound as a whole, whose meaning has been transferred to a different context to yield a similar but metaphorical or polysemic interpre ...
0525 GERMAN (FOREIGN LANGUAGE) MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2015 series
... Subject (=subject noun or pronoun including article or possessive) + any finite verb Disregard adjectives, relative clauses, qualifiers and modifiers when looking at the ‘subject’ Minor spelling errors in the subject will be tolerated Capitalisation of nouns will be considered under Other linguistic ...
... Subject (=subject noun or pronoun including article or possessive) + any finite verb Disregard adjectives, relative clauses, qualifiers and modifiers when looking at the ‘subject’ Minor spelling errors in the subject will be tolerated Capitalisation of nouns will be considered under Other linguistic ...
Cross-LinguistiC Patterns of Linking
... 2. If the predicate has no activity predicate in its LS, it is undergoer. These principles correctly predict the transitivity of the verbs from Brazilian Portuguese and English discussed above. (The LSs for the Brazilian Portuguese verbs are [do´ (x, Ø)] CAUSE [BECOME closed´ (y)] for fechar ‘close’ ...
... 2. If the predicate has no activity predicate in its LS, it is undergoer. These principles correctly predict the transitivity of the verbs from Brazilian Portuguese and English discussed above. (The LSs for the Brazilian Portuguese verbs are [do´ (x, Ø)] CAUSE [BECOME closed´ (y)] for fechar ‘close’ ...
The Position of Direct and Indirect Objects of Ditransitive Verbs
... (Rosenbaum, 1967) the term denominates certain types of embedded sentences. ...
... (Rosenbaum, 1967) the term denominates certain types of embedded sentences. ...
Prefixes and the Delimitation of Events*
... Paslawska and von Stechow 2002, for example), which regards the telic vs. atelic distinction and its Vendlerian subcategories (activities, accomplishments, achievements and states). It is lexicalized by verbs, encoded by derivational morphology, or by a variety of elements at the level of syntax, am ...
... Paslawska and von Stechow 2002, for example), which regards the telic vs. atelic distinction and its Vendlerian subcategories (activities, accomplishments, achievements and states). It is lexicalized by verbs, encoded by derivational morphology, or by a variety of elements at the level of syntax, am ...