a scaling cross platform tool for the analysis of neurophysiological data
... cross-correlation and clustering required for the iGrid software. Initial development was aimed at the Carmen Project’s Virtual Laboratory which provided a service based framework that readily supported the existing Java implementation. The service based architecture wraps a Java executable that per ...
... cross-correlation and clustering required for the iGrid software. Initial development was aimed at the Carmen Project’s Virtual Laboratory which provided a service based framework that readily supported the existing Java implementation. The service based architecture wraps a Java executable that per ...
Fluorescence Recordings of Electrical Activity in Goldfish Optic
... dendritesextending from the cell bodiesin stratum periventriculare (SPV) to stratum opticum (SO),we expectedthat the neural contribution to optical signalsrecordedin theselayers following optic nerve activation would be associatedprimarily with membrane potential changesin thesecells. However, other ...
... dendritesextending from the cell bodiesin stratum periventriculare (SPV) to stratum opticum (SO),we expectedthat the neural contribution to optical signalsrecordedin theselayers following optic nerve activation would be associatedprimarily with membrane potential changesin thesecells. However, other ...
11-1 FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 1. Sensory input
... B. The motor, or efferent, division carries action potentials FROM the CNS to effector organs and can be divided into two parts. 1) The somatic nervous system innervates skeletal muscle. It is usually under voluntary conscious control, although reflexes are involuntary. 2) The autonomic nervous syst ...
... B. The motor, or efferent, division carries action potentials FROM the CNS to effector organs and can be divided into two parts. 1) The somatic nervous system innervates skeletal muscle. It is usually under voluntary conscious control, although reflexes are involuntary. 2) The autonomic nervous syst ...
Glia–Neuron Interactions in Nervous System Function
... biological inquiry, theories regarding glial function will ultimately be tested by generating animals harboring specific glial deficits that do not aVect neuronal survival and looking for behavioral and/or developmental abnormalities. A third approach to circumvent the eVects of glia on neuronal sur ...
... biological inquiry, theories regarding glial function will ultimately be tested by generating animals harboring specific glial deficits that do not aVect neuronal survival and looking for behavioral and/or developmental abnormalities. A third approach to circumvent the eVects of glia on neuronal sur ...
Integrating Top-Down and Bottom
... First we compared the network behavior for enabled versus disabled top-down projections between the two areas. An input stimulus with varying amount of noise was presented to area A whereas area B received no external signals. We considered total spike numbers as well as burst numbers to analyze the ...
... First we compared the network behavior for enabled versus disabled top-down projections between the two areas. An input stimulus with varying amount of noise was presented to area A whereas area B received no external signals. We considered total spike numbers as well as burst numbers to analyze the ...
Spatial organization of thalamocortical and corticothalamic
... M NaCl for unit recordings and the other was filled with the H R P solution. The location and deepest extent of the mystacial vibrissae representation were identified by multiunit recordings and whisker stimulation. Subsequently the H R P was iontophoretically ejected from the other barrel with 1 pA ...
... M NaCl for unit recordings and the other was filled with the H R P solution. The location and deepest extent of the mystacial vibrissae representation were identified by multiunit recordings and whisker stimulation. Subsequently the H R P was iontophoretically ejected from the other barrel with 1 pA ...
Neuronal Selectivities to Complex Object
... 2. The critical feature for the activation was first determined for each recorded cell by using a reduction method. We started from images of three-dimensional complex objects and simplified the image of effective stimuli step by step by eliminating a part of the features present in the image. The s ...
... 2. The critical feature for the activation was first determined for each recorded cell by using a reduction method. We started from images of three-dimensional complex objects and simplified the image of effective stimuli step by step by eliminating a part of the features present in the image. The s ...
Document
... (2000). To train the network a sequence of images is presented to VisNet’s retina that corresponds to a single stimulus occurring in a randomised sequence of the nine locations across a background. At each presentation the activation of individual neurons is calculated, then their firing rates are c ...
... (2000). To train the network a sequence of images is presented to VisNet’s retina that corresponds to a single stimulus occurring in a randomised sequence of the nine locations across a background. At each presentation the activation of individual neurons is calculated, then their firing rates are c ...
Inhibition of central neurons is reduced following acoustic trauma
... response map types that are typical of unexposed animals. These maps are actually taken from exposed animals, but are at BFs with little or no threshold shift. The right column shows response maps at BFs with substantial threshold shift. Type II response maps (Fig. 2A) show narrowly-tuned excitatory ...
... response map types that are typical of unexposed animals. These maps are actually taken from exposed animals, but are at BFs with little or no threshold shift. The right column shows response maps at BFs with substantial threshold shift. Type II response maps (Fig. 2A) show narrowly-tuned excitatory ...
Are Action-based Lies easier to detect than Speech
... performed Speech-Truth, they thought about their prior speech ...
... performed Speech-Truth, they thought about their prior speech ...
MIrror neuRons based RObot Recognition - LIRA-Lab
... About 50% of them discharge also in association with monkey active movements. Neurons responding to sensory stimuli have been subdivided into three categories: “somatosensory” neurons (33%), “visual” neurons (11%), and “bimodal” somatosensory and visual neurons (56%). Among the neurons with visual r ...
... About 50% of them discharge also in association with monkey active movements. Neurons responding to sensory stimuli have been subdivided into three categories: “somatosensory” neurons (33%), “visual” neurons (11%), and “bimodal” somatosensory and visual neurons (56%). Among the neurons with visual r ...
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... activity-dependent synaptic plasticity named long-term depression (LTD) which is essential for motor learning. The cerebellum is the brain region where learned movements are stored and LTD is a key mechanism involved in this function (Saab and Willis, 2003). Synaptically-induced dendritic Ca2+ signa ...
... activity-dependent synaptic plasticity named long-term depression (LTD) which is essential for motor learning. The cerebellum is the brain region where learned movements are stored and LTD is a key mechanism involved in this function (Saab and Willis, 2003). Synaptically-induced dendritic Ca2+ signa ...
Synaptic Targets of Medial Septal Projections in the Hippocampus
... cortices, and the retrosplenial cortex. In all examined cortical regions, many septal GABAergic boutons were in close apposition to somata or dendrites immunopositive for interneuron cell-type molecular markers, such as parvalbumin, calbindin, calretinin, N-terminal EFhand calcium-binding protein 1, ...
... cortices, and the retrosplenial cortex. In all examined cortical regions, many septal GABAergic boutons were in close apposition to somata or dendrites immunopositive for interneuron cell-type molecular markers, such as parvalbumin, calbindin, calretinin, N-terminal EFhand calcium-binding protein 1, ...
Molecules and mechanisms of dendrite development in Drosophila
... way influence the ability of neurons to build more complex scaffolds. The factors that specify or maintain Abrupt and Cut levels in different classes, the transcriptional targets of these transcription factors, and whether the level of Cut affects targets qualitatively or quantitatively, are among t ...
... way influence the ability of neurons to build more complex scaffolds. The factors that specify or maintain Abrupt and Cut levels in different classes, the transcriptional targets of these transcription factors, and whether the level of Cut affects targets qualitatively or quantitatively, are among t ...
Computational Psychiatry Seminar: Spring 2014 Week 11: The
... Needs and desires. The utility curve f should reflect the decision maker’s physiological or economic needs. The utility of any amount exceeding the maximal consumption should also saturate. Thus utility functions often have sigmoid shape with threshold and saturation. In people, different desires le ...
... Needs and desires. The utility curve f should reflect the decision maker’s physiological or economic needs. The utility of any amount exceeding the maximal consumption should also saturate. Thus utility functions often have sigmoid shape with threshold and saturation. In people, different desires le ...
Cell Adhesion Molecules in Neural Stem Cell and
... In vertebrates, classic cadherins, including epithelial cadherin, neural cadherin, and placental cadherin and so on, have five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane domain, and a highly conserved intracellular domain (Fig. 1B) (Tepass et al., 2000). By binding to Ca2+ on the boundary betwe ...
... In vertebrates, classic cadherins, including epithelial cadherin, neural cadherin, and placental cadherin and so on, have five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane domain, and a highly conserved intracellular domain (Fig. 1B) (Tepass et al., 2000). By binding to Ca2+ on the boundary betwe ...
CORTICAL AFFERENT INPUT TO THE PRINCIPALS REGION OF THE RHESUS MONKEY H.
... The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of the rhesus monkey extends from the arcuate sulcus to the frontal pole. It is a cytoarchitectonically complex region and in Walker's91 classification it encompasses areas 8,45, 46,12, 9 and 10 (Fig. 1 A). The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may be functionally div ...
... The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of the rhesus monkey extends from the arcuate sulcus to the frontal pole. It is a cytoarchitectonically complex region and in Walker's91 classification it encompasses areas 8,45, 46,12, 9 and 10 (Fig. 1 A). The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may be functionally div ...
How the brain uses time to represent and process visual information
... they may well be inappropriate for modeling of perceptual domains [25,71]. Notions of distance that arise when working with spike trains as sequences of events are more general than distances based on vectors, and are not subject to the above constraints. Since the neural code is ‘read’ by other neu ...
... they may well be inappropriate for modeling of perceptual domains [25,71]. Notions of distance that arise when working with spike trains as sequences of events are more general than distances based on vectors, and are not subject to the above constraints. Since the neural code is ‘read’ by other neu ...
Product Description MicroRNAs (miRNAs), also known as “mature
... D. Analysis of off-target effects by CRISPR/Cas9-miR19b knockout We searched for potential off-target sites in the human genome that might be recognized by sgRNAs for miR19b genes(Fig.4A). The off-target sequences were predicted by CRISPR DESIGN (http://crispr.mit.edu/), those contain entire 20 bp ...
... D. Analysis of off-target effects by CRISPR/Cas9-miR19b knockout We searched for potential off-target sites in the human genome that might be recognized by sgRNAs for miR19b genes(Fig.4A). The off-target sequences were predicted by CRISPR DESIGN (http://crispr.mit.edu/), those contain entire 20 bp ...
A first-principle for the nervous system
... N7 (magnified view in inset) for making the learning-induced change? Since the mean inter-spine distance is even more than the mean spine diameter, either a direct physical interaction or a mechanism through the ECM volume are not feasible. A mechanism through the dendritic shaft providing specifici ...
... N7 (magnified view in inset) for making the learning-induced change? Since the mean inter-spine distance is even more than the mean spine diameter, either a direct physical interaction or a mechanism through the ECM volume are not feasible. A mechanism through the dendritic shaft providing specifici ...
HLH-14 is a C. elegans Achaete-Scute protein that
... Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors play integral roles in a number of developmental processes, including neurogenesis. Neural bHLH proteins have been characterized in organisms as diverse as nematodes, flies and vertebrates. These factors can assume a variety of tasks, depending upo ...
... Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors play integral roles in a number of developmental processes, including neurogenesis. Neural bHLH proteins have been characterized in organisms as diverse as nematodes, flies and vertebrates. These factors can assume a variety of tasks, depending upo ...
Phonemic Coding Might Result From Sensory
... questions we asked earlier : it is only a displacement of the problem. How do the concerned genes get there in the course of evolution? Why were they selected? No answer has been proposed by post-structuralist linguistics. Another approach is that of “morpho-perceptual” innatists. They argue (Steven ...
... questions we asked earlier : it is only a displacement of the problem. How do the concerned genes get there in the course of evolution? Why were they selected? No answer has been proposed by post-structuralist linguistics. Another approach is that of “morpho-perceptual” innatists. They argue (Steven ...
Chronic multiunit recordings in behaving animals: advantages and
... The method used to study brain functions depends on the question one likes to answer, given that every method has it advantages and disadvantages. Some methods, like EEG and fMRI have the advantage of being noninvasive. EEG reflects the gradual change in the membrane potential of large populations o ...
... The method used to study brain functions depends on the question one likes to answer, given that every method has it advantages and disadvantages. Some methods, like EEG and fMRI have the advantage of being noninvasive. EEG reflects the gradual change in the membrane potential of large populations o ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.