Olfactory Coding in the Honeybee Lateral Horn
... volatiles and social pheromones. Recordings reveal odorspecific maps in this brain region as stimulations with the same odorant elicit more similar spatial activity patterns than stimulations with different odorants. Odor-similarity relationships are mostly conserved between antennal lobe and latera ...
... volatiles and social pheromones. Recordings reveal odorspecific maps in this brain region as stimulations with the same odorant elicit more similar spatial activity patterns than stimulations with different odorants. Odor-similarity relationships are mostly conserved between antennal lobe and latera ...
Representation of Movement
... as occurs when a hidden animal only becomes distinct from its surroundings when it moves. Motion can also be self-generated by eye, head, or body movements. Analyzing self-motion helps calibrate proprioception and locomotion and can be used to stabilize the retinal image to prevent motioninduced blu ...
... as occurs when a hidden animal only becomes distinct from its surroundings when it moves. Motion can also be self-generated by eye, head, or body movements. Analyzing self-motion helps calibrate proprioception and locomotion and can be used to stabilize the retinal image to prevent motioninduced blu ...
Critical Periods:
... performance on various tests of learning and memory. – Males are “better” at passive avoidance learning than females (e.g., males learn more quickly to not leave a platform because they will get shocked). – Females are “better” at active avoidance learning than males (e.g., females learn to respond ...
... performance on various tests of learning and memory. – Males are “better” at passive avoidance learning than females (e.g., males learn more quickly to not leave a platform because they will get shocked). – Females are “better” at active avoidance learning than males (e.g., females learn to respond ...
MUSHROOM BODY MEMOIR: FROM MAPS TO MODELS
... excitatory input from all three projection neurons simultaneously. With this assumption, all possible combinations of POQs would be represented by unique but overlapping sets of Kenyon cells. A neuron that detects fermenting apple would be connected to the appropriate set of Kenyon cells and would r ...
... excitatory input from all three projection neurons simultaneously. With this assumption, all possible combinations of POQs would be represented by unique but overlapping sets of Kenyon cells. A neuron that detects fermenting apple would be connected to the appropriate set of Kenyon cells and would r ...
Hypothalamic Regulation of Sleep
... reasoned that the neurotoxin would lesion these neurons. We found that when the neurotoxin was administered to the LH, the hypocretin-immunoreactive neurons were lesioned and the rats had sleep fragmentation, excessive sleepiness, increase in REM sleep, and sleep onset REM sleep periods (SOREMPs), s ...
... reasoned that the neurotoxin would lesion these neurons. We found that when the neurotoxin was administered to the LH, the hypocretin-immunoreactive neurons were lesioned and the rats had sleep fragmentation, excessive sleepiness, increase in REM sleep, and sleep onset REM sleep periods (SOREMPs), s ...
More than just synaptic building blocks: scaffolding proteins of the
... domains (Sheng and Kim 2000). Shank interactors include mGluRs (Tu et al. 1999), Densin-180 (Quitsch et al. 2005), cortactin (Naisbitt et al. 1999; Boeckers et al. 2002), afodrin (Böckers et al. 2001), Abp1 (Qualmann et al. 2004), and Abelson-interacting protein 1 (Abi-1) (Proepper et al. 2007). Co ...
... domains (Sheng and Kim 2000). Shank interactors include mGluRs (Tu et al. 1999), Densin-180 (Quitsch et al. 2005), cortactin (Naisbitt et al. 1999; Boeckers et al. 2002), afodrin (Böckers et al. 2001), Abp1 (Qualmann et al. 2004), and Abelson-interacting protein 1 (Abi-1) (Proepper et al. 2007). Co ...
Neuronal mechanisms for the perception of ambiguous stimuli
... Several avenues now need to be pursued. First, the timing relationships among the perceptually related signals that are found in different cortical areas need to be explored. Relevant neuronal activity often occurs in advance of the perceptual report by up to 1 s [2], but the greatest precedence sho ...
... Several avenues now need to be pursued. First, the timing relationships among the perceptually related signals that are found in different cortical areas need to be explored. Relevant neuronal activity often occurs in advance of the perceptual report by up to 1 s [2], but the greatest precedence sho ...
mechanisms and biological role of thalamocortical oscillations
... This firing mode of TC neurons is called tonic. Each fast spike produced by TC neuron is followed by an afterhyperpolarizing potential (AHP). Neuronal firing is associated with Ca2+ influx (Abel et al. 2004; Markram et al. 1995). Rise of intracellular Ca2+ concentration during tonic spiking activate ...
... This firing mode of TC neurons is called tonic. Each fast spike produced by TC neuron is followed by an afterhyperpolarizing potential (AHP). Neuronal firing is associated with Ca2+ influx (Abel et al. 2004; Markram et al. 1995). Rise of intracellular Ca2+ concentration during tonic spiking activate ...
Cxcl12/Cxcr4 signaling controls the migration and
... of Cxcr4 resulted in an accumulation of TH+ cells in the lateral aspect of the IZ at E14, indicating that CXCR4 is required for the radial migration of mDA neurons in vivo. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that CXCL12/CXCR4 regulates the migration and orientation of processes in A9-A10 mDA neuro ...
... of Cxcr4 resulted in an accumulation of TH+ cells in the lateral aspect of the IZ at E14, indicating that CXCR4 is required for the radial migration of mDA neurons in vivo. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that CXCL12/CXCR4 regulates the migration and orientation of processes in A9-A10 mDA neuro ...
PDF
... 2000). The parameter sets used are reported in Tables 1 through 3 (see the appendix). The files used to implement voltage-dependent mechanisms, as indicated in the tables, are freely available online from the NEURON web page (http://www.neuron.yale.edu). For the cell as a whole, we tune the paramete ...
... 2000). The parameter sets used are reported in Tables 1 through 3 (see the appendix). The files used to implement voltage-dependent mechanisms, as indicated in the tables, are freely available online from the NEURON web page (http://www.neuron.yale.edu). For the cell as a whole, we tune the paramete ...
Self-images in the video monitor coded by monkey intraparietal
... 1991; Colby et al., 1993; Graziano and Gross, 1993, 1994; Fogassi et al., 1996; Graziano et al., 1997; Rizzolatti et al., 1997; Graziano, 1999), response property of bimodal neurons in intraparietal area is most likely to represent self-image in the monitor, which should necessitate complex mental p ...
... 1991; Colby et al., 1993; Graziano and Gross, 1993, 1994; Fogassi et al., 1996; Graziano et al., 1997; Rizzolatti et al., 1997; Graziano, 1999), response property of bimodal neurons in intraparietal area is most likely to represent self-image in the monitor, which should necessitate complex mental p ...
A model for experience-dependent changes in the responses of inferotemporal neurons
... Abstract. Neurons in inferior temporal (IT) cortex exhibit selectivity for complex visual stimuli and can maintain activity during the delay following the presentation of a stimulus in delayed match to sample tasks. Experimental work in awake monkeys has shown that the responses of IT neurons declin ...
... Abstract. Neurons in inferior temporal (IT) cortex exhibit selectivity for complex visual stimuli and can maintain activity during the delay following the presentation of a stimulus in delayed match to sample tasks. Experimental work in awake monkeys has shown that the responses of IT neurons declin ...
PPT - Altogen Biosystems
... targeting Lamin A/C were transfected into Detroit-551 cells following Altogen Biosystems transfection protocol. At 72 hours post-transfection the cells were analyzed by Western Blot for protein expression levels (normalized by total protein, 10 µg of total protein loaded per each well). Untreated ce ...
... targeting Lamin A/C were transfected into Detroit-551 cells following Altogen Biosystems transfection protocol. At 72 hours post-transfection the cells were analyzed by Western Blot for protein expression levels (normalized by total protein, 10 µg of total protein loaded per each well). Untreated ce ...
The basic nonuniformity of the cerebral cortex
... columnar modules with the same number of neurons underneath a unit area of cortical surface. This view is based on the work of Rockel et al. [Rockel AJ, Hiorns RW, Powell TP (1980) The basic uniformity in structure of the neocortex. Brain 103:221–244], who found a steady number of approximately 110 ...
... columnar modules with the same number of neurons underneath a unit area of cortical surface. This view is based on the work of Rockel et al. [Rockel AJ, Hiorns RW, Powell TP (1980) The basic uniformity in structure of the neocortex. Brain 103:221–244], who found a steady number of approximately 110 ...
Preserving information in neural transmission - CNL
... used to find relevant stimulus features to quantify the information carried by different retinal spike sequences. In this case, retinal spike trains were treated as stimuli binned every 4 ms, where a value of 1 was given at each occurrence of an EPSP, and was 0 otherwise. Such stimuli are binary by ...
... used to find relevant stimulus features to quantify the information carried by different retinal spike sequences. In this case, retinal spike trains were treated as stimuli binned every 4 ms, where a value of 1 was given at each occurrence of an EPSP, and was 0 otherwise. Such stimuli are binary by ...
Entrainment of Silicon Central Pattern Generators for Legged
... (CPG). The CPG is a set of neural circuits found in the spinal cord, arranged to produce oscillatory periodic waveforms that activate muscles in a coordinated manner. They are neuron primitives that are used in most periodic biological systems such as the respiratory, the digestive and the locomotor ...
... (CPG). The CPG is a set of neural circuits found in the spinal cord, arranged to produce oscillatory periodic waveforms that activate muscles in a coordinated manner. They are neuron primitives that are used in most periodic biological systems such as the respiratory, the digestive and the locomotor ...
Short title: Thalamocortical computations during tactile sensation
... Dept. of Biological Sciences, Neurobiology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, ...
... Dept. of Biological Sciences, Neurobiology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.