Binding of aluminium ions by Staphylococcus
... neurons either in vivo or in vitro. Moreover, dopaminergic neurons in culture are preferen(ally resistant to the toxicity of glutathione deple(on, possibly owing to differences in cellular glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) func(on. However, mesencephalic cultures from GPx1‐knockout and wild‐type mice ...
... neurons either in vivo or in vitro. Moreover, dopaminergic neurons in culture are preferen(ally resistant to the toxicity of glutathione deple(on, possibly owing to differences in cellular glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) func(on. However, mesencephalic cultures from GPx1‐knockout and wild‐type mice ...
Neural Syntax: Cell Assemblies, Synapsembles, and
... achieved by single neurons alone. The most important modus operandi in this process is synchrony of events (Abeles, 1991; Engel et al., 2001; Fries et al., 2007; Hansel and Sompolinsky, 1992; Singer, 1999). In its broad definition, synchrony refers to the concurrence of events in time. However, this ...
... achieved by single neurons alone. The most important modus operandi in this process is synchrony of events (Abeles, 1991; Engel et al., 2001; Fries et al., 2007; Hansel and Sompolinsky, 1992; Singer, 1999). In its broad definition, synchrony refers to the concurrence of events in time. However, this ...
Anatomy, pigmentation, ventral and dorsal subpopulations of
... 8AF, UK. Received 16 March 1990 and in revised form 14 August ...
... 8AF, UK. Received 16 March 1990 and in revised form 14 August ...
Neural Networks - School of Computer Science
... outputs are known. Once this type of network performs satisfactorily on the training examples, it can be used with inputs for which the correct outputs are not known. ...
... outputs are known. Once this type of network performs satisfactorily on the training examples, it can be used with inputs for which the correct outputs are not known. ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... responses, which are speci®c for associative and nonassociative stimulus paradigms (Mauelshagen 1993). A single conditioning trial results in a decrease, a single antennal sensitisation trial in a transient increase of odor evoked spike frequency, indicative for a dierential neural representation o ...
... responses, which are speci®c for associative and nonassociative stimulus paradigms (Mauelshagen 1993). A single conditioning trial results in a decrease, a single antennal sensitisation trial in a transient increase of odor evoked spike frequency, indicative for a dierential neural representation o ...
Capogna Curr Opin Neurobiol 2014
... and synaptic plasticity Few studies have clarified the inputs to BLA GABAergic cells as well as their specialized roles within the network. The PV+ interneurons receive strong excitatory inputs from P-cells of BLA but weak inputs from the cerebral cortex [45] suggesting a main role in feedback inhib ...
... and synaptic plasticity Few studies have clarified the inputs to BLA GABAergic cells as well as their specialized roles within the network. The PV+ interneurons receive strong excitatory inputs from P-cells of BLA but weak inputs from the cerebral cortex [45] suggesting a main role in feedback inhib ...
Poster
... trans form, and opsin is activated; nerves then signal the brain. The opsin complex, sensitive to specific wavelengths of light, is identified by the wavelength that activates it; long (L), middle (M), or short (S). Mutations in opsin may lead to visual problems, including the inability to distingui ...
... trans form, and opsin is activated; nerves then signal the brain. The opsin complex, sensitive to specific wavelengths of light, is identified by the wavelength that activates it; long (L), middle (M), or short (S). Mutations in opsin may lead to visual problems, including the inability to distingui ...
nerve
... • The water-soluble ions carrying the current across the membrane cannot permeate this coat, it act as an insulator, just like the white coating of the electric wires and prevents the leakage of ions from the neuron through its membrane. ...
... • The water-soluble ions carrying the current across the membrane cannot permeate this coat, it act as an insulator, just like the white coating of the electric wires and prevents the leakage of ions from the neuron through its membrane. ...
Artificial Neural Networks
... • For neural networks to be successful, they must outperform methods currently being used in the marketplace. • Mutual funds are basically ……………………………………. …. Mutual funds have become a major force on Wall Street over the past few years. They function much like an individual security and their prices ...
... • For neural networks to be successful, they must outperform methods currently being used in the marketplace. • Mutual funds are basically ……………………………………. …. Mutual funds have become a major force on Wall Street over the past few years. They function much like an individual security and their prices ...
The evolution of nervous system centralization
... what their initial structure and function was. It is also unclear whether the CNS of vertebrates and invertebrates trace back to a common CNS precursor (Arendt & Nübler-Jung 1999) or whether they are of independent evolutionary origin (Holland 2003; Lowe et al. 2003). This review addresses the ques ...
... what their initial structure and function was. It is also unclear whether the CNS of vertebrates and invertebrates trace back to a common CNS precursor (Arendt & Nübler-Jung 1999) or whether they are of independent evolutionary origin (Holland 2003; Lowe et al. 2003). This review addresses the ques ...
Full Text
... large ECM lacking the layer structure beneath a thin neocortex retaining the typical six-layered structure, the interruption of the pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA1 region, the enlargement of the lateral ventricles, and the agenesis of interhemispheric connections (Bilasy et al., 2009, 2011). ...
... large ECM lacking the layer structure beneath a thin neocortex retaining the typical six-layered structure, the interruption of the pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA1 region, the enlargement of the lateral ventricles, and the agenesis of interhemispheric connections (Bilasy et al., 2009, 2011). ...
Ultrastructural Characterization of Gerbil Olivocochlear Neurons
... acid (D-ASP) and wheatgerm agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate (WGA/ HRP) from the cochlear perilymph. While both populations are capable of uptake and retrograde uptake of WGAIHRP, one population accumulates and retrogradely transports D-ASP (D-ASP OC neurons) and the other does not (non-DA ...
... acid (D-ASP) and wheatgerm agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate (WGA/ HRP) from the cochlear perilymph. While both populations are capable of uptake and retrograde uptake of WGAIHRP, one population accumulates and retrogradely transports D-ASP (D-ASP OC neurons) and the other does not (non-DA ...
Development and function of human cerebral cortex neural networks
... frequency, before giving rise to non-synchronous, ordered activity patterns. hPSC-derived cortical neural networks are excitatory, driven by activation of AMPA- and NMDA-type glutamate receptors, and can undergo NMDA-receptor-mediated plasticity. Investigating single neuron connectivity within PSC-d ...
... frequency, before giving rise to non-synchronous, ordered activity patterns. hPSC-derived cortical neural networks are excitatory, driven by activation of AMPA- and NMDA-type glutamate receptors, and can undergo NMDA-receptor-mediated plasticity. Investigating single neuron connectivity within PSC-d ...
Brain mechanisms for switching from automatic to controlled eye
... We also showed that the switch-selective activity starts at different timings depending on the neuron’s action. It is well known that automatic or habitual actions are very quick while cognitively controlled actions are slow. In other words, the automatic process produces outputs more quickly than t ...
... We also showed that the switch-selective activity starts at different timings depending on the neuron’s action. It is well known that automatic or habitual actions are very quick while cognitively controlled actions are slow. In other words, the automatic process produces outputs more quickly than t ...
MATERNAL BEHAVIOUR IN LACTATING RATS STIMULATES c
... 67,000 mol. wt glutamate decarboxylase-immunoreactive labeling was greatest ventromedially, while high numbers of Fosimmunoreactive nuclei were found both ventromedially and ventrolaterally. In pup-stimulated dams, more than half (53% in the medial preoptic area, 59% in the ventral bed nucleus of th ...
... 67,000 mol. wt glutamate decarboxylase-immunoreactive labeling was greatest ventromedially, while high numbers of Fosimmunoreactive nuclei were found both ventromedially and ventrolaterally. In pup-stimulated dams, more than half (53% in the medial preoptic area, 59% in the ventral bed nucleus of th ...
Chapter Two
... 3. Transplanting stem cells from aborted human fetuses (and other sources) into the brains of persons with Parkinson’s may reverse the course of the disease. G. The limbic system is a collection of structures near the middle of the brain involved in emotionality and long-term memory storage. 1. The ...
... 3. Transplanting stem cells from aborted human fetuses (and other sources) into the brains of persons with Parkinson’s may reverse the course of the disease. G. The limbic system is a collection of structures near the middle of the brain involved in emotionality and long-term memory storage. 1. The ...
Learning Through Imitation: a Biological Approach to Robotics
... Color versions of one or more of the figures in this paper are available online at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TAMD.2012.2200250 ...
... Color versions of one or more of the figures in this paper are available online at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TAMD.2012.2200250 ...
PDF
... a technique first described by DeLong to generate reaggregating cell cultures from fetal mouse isocortex and hippocampus (1). Dr Pulliam used BrnAggs to study human immunodeficiency virus and herpes simplex virus encephalitis (2Y5). Ours is the first study of prion disease in BrnAggs. Brain aggregates ...
... a technique first described by DeLong to generate reaggregating cell cultures from fetal mouse isocortex and hippocampus (1). Dr Pulliam used BrnAggs to study human immunodeficiency virus and herpes simplex virus encephalitis (2Y5). Ours is the first study of prion disease in BrnAggs. Brain aggregates ...
Synaptic receptors, neurotransmitters and brain modulators
... Their axons are part of the cranial nerves or leaving ventral root of the spinal cord. They make a SYNAPSE with the POSTGANGLIONIC NEURONS, which are located in autonomic ganglions or in the wall of the goal ...
... Their axons are part of the cranial nerves or leaving ventral root of the spinal cord. They make a SYNAPSE with the POSTGANGLIONIC NEURONS, which are located in autonomic ganglions or in the wall of the goal ...
An Introduction to the ANS and Higher
... • “Kicks in” only during exertion, stress, or emergency • “Fight or flight” • Parasympathetic Division • Controls during resting conditions • “Rest and digest” ...
... • “Kicks in” only during exertion, stress, or emergency • “Fight or flight” • Parasympathetic Division • Controls during resting conditions • “Rest and digest” ...
PDF file - Izhikevich
... spontaneously among subsets of neurons that were located close to one another. Spiking activity within these subsets was not synchronous, but their spikes were time-locked to one another, and thus they constituted spike-timing neuronal groups. Precise firing sequences of such neuronal groups resembl ...
... spontaneously among subsets of neurons that were located close to one another. Spiking activity within these subsets was not synchronous, but their spikes were time-locked to one another, and thus they constituted spike-timing neuronal groups. Precise firing sequences of such neuronal groups resembl ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.