• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Copy of the full paper
Copy of the full paper

... signals by precisely computing the neurons’ asynchronous spikes. Neuron models can precisely describe the biophysics of spikes (action potentials) by computing the currents flowing through cell membrane and synaptic nodes. It is possible to reduce the size of these models to facilitate their computa ...
Parkinson`s Disease storyboard
Parkinson`s Disease storyboard

... • As can be seen from previous studies, DA tone begins to fall after about an 80% loss of DA neurons. At that same point, PKD symptoms begin to become visible. Scientists were not surprised to find a correlation between these factors. What did surprise them was the large percentage of DA neurons and ...
Towards a dermal papilla specific expression system in mice
Towards a dermal papilla specific expression system in mice

... The field of stem cell biology is of considerable interest to modern medicine. Stem cells have the potential to revolutionize the field as a whole by opening up avenues in regenerative medicine allowing the repair of tissue injuries beyond the capabilities of the body’s spontaneous regeneration. How ...
THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

... postsynaptic neuron or cell. Synapses can be either electrical or chemical. Electrical synapses are characterized by the formation of gap junctions that allow ions and other organic compound to instantaneously pass from one cell to another. - An action potential in the squid giant axon has been the ...
The peripheral nervous system links the brain to the “real” world
The peripheral nervous system links the brain to the “real” world

... Receptor fields may be excitatory or inhibitory Receptor fields exist for first-, second-, third-, and fourth-order neurons ...
Introduction - KFUPM Faculty List
Introduction - KFUPM Faculty List

... filter theory, which is already well established and successfully applied in many diverse fields. However, it is also possible for a neural network to modify its own topology, which is motivated by the fact that neurons in the human brain can die and then new synaptic connections can grow. ...
The Receptive Fields of Inferior Temporal Cortex Neurons in Natural
The Receptive Fields of Inferior Temporal Cortex Neurons in Natural

... the delivery of a taste reward, and the other of which if touched led to the delivery of aversive saline. The two objects were shown in a random sequence in plain backgrounds or complex natural scenes. In this second block of trials, a noneffective stimulus for the cell was normally the target, so t ...
formalin perfusion for correlative light- and
formalin perfusion for correlative light- and

Drosophila GABA, short neuropeptide F and their receptors
Drosophila GABA, short neuropeptide F and their receptors

... cells express receptors to neuropeptide F (NPF) and were demonstrated to be under control of NPF (Krashes et al., 2007). 1.1.3. Other neurons and circuits of interest Gustatory and olfactory inputs signal about presence if food and about food quality. However, in order to monitor nutritional needs a ...
Reward-Dependent Spatial Selectivity of Anticipatory Activity in
Reward-Dependent Spatial Selectivity of Anticipatory Activity in

... (Kawagoe et al. 1998) (Fig. 1). A task trial started with the onset of a central fixation point on which the monkeys had to fixate. A cue stimulus (spot of light) came on 1 s after onset of the fixation point (duration: 100 ms), and the monkeys had to remember its location. After 1–1.5 s, the fixati ...
An overview of reservoir computing: theory, applications and
An overview of reservoir computing: theory, applications and

... given, it is best to create the reservoir with a uniform pole placement, so that all possible frequencies are maximally covered, an idea which originated from the identification of linear systems using Kautz filters. The random connectivity does not give a clear insight in what is going on in the rese ...
action potential
action potential

... Prelude to Lectures on Visual Perception ...
Ch15aa
Ch15aa

... – Forced-choice - two trials are given, one with odorant and one without • Participant indicates which smells strongest. ...
chapter15
chapter15

... – Forced-choice - two trials are given, one with odorant and one without • Participant indicates which smells strongest. ...
Mechanical Response Properties of A and C Primary Afferent
Mechanical Response Properties of A and C Primary Afferent

... Levy, Dan, and Andrew M. Strassman. Mechanical response properties of A and C primary afferent neurons innervating the rat intracranial dura. J Neurophysiol 88: 3021–3031, 2002; 10.1152/jn.00029.2002. The intracranial dura receives a small-fiber sensory innervation from the trigeminal ganglion that ...
Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus
Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus

... The purpose of this review is to consider several kinds of neural models that have been proposed to account for repetition suppression (RS). We focus primarily on studies using visually presented objects and their effects on the ventral object processing stream, to maximize overlap between monkey an ...
Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus
Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus

... The purpose of this review is to consider several kinds of neural models that have been proposed to account for repetition suppression (RS). We focus primarily on studies using visually presented objects and their effects on the ventral object processing stream, to maximize overlap between monkey an ...
Developmental origin of shark electrosensory organs
Developmental origin of shark electrosensory organs

... skin and transmit them somatotopically to the brain. In chondrichthyans, the electrosensory system is composed of a cephalic network of ampullary organs, known as the ampullae of Lorenzini, that can detect extremely weak electric fields during hunting and navigation. Each ampullary organ consists of ...
Bayer Exp Br Res 1983
Bayer Exp Br Res 1983

... neurons of accessory olfactory bulb. For many late-originating populations of interneurons in the olfactory bulb, the multiple injections given were insufficient to label between 95--100% of the cells. Consequently, an additional experiment was performed to see what proportion originated postnatally ...
Role of Inhibitory Neurotransmitter Interactions in the Pathogenesis
Role of Inhibitory Neurotransmitter Interactions in the Pathogenesis

The LIM and POU homeobox genes ttx-3 and unc
The LIM and POU homeobox genes ttx-3 and unc

... Transcription factors that drive neuron type-specific terminal differentiation programs in the developing nervous system are often expressed in several distinct neuronal cell types, but to what extent they have similar or distinct activities in individual neuronal cell types is generally not well ex ...
Segundo trabajo
Segundo trabajo

... which activates several well-defined signaling cascades (Airaksinen and Saarma, 2002; Huang and Reichardt, 2003; Segal, 2003). The receptor tyrosine kinase Ret (Jing et al., 1996; Treanor et al., 1996; Trupp et al., 1996) is an important component in the signaling cascade activated by members of the ...
Homeostatic plasticity mechanisms in mouse V1
Homeostatic plasticity mechanisms in mouse V1

... neurons that it excites or inhibits. However, once established, perhaps by a slow plasticity process during development, a complexly interconnected circuit with all neurons at their activity set points would exert a powerful drive to restore any individual member’s activity to the set point if exter ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Voluntary movement • Voluntary movements are organized in cortex • Sensory feed back – Visual information – Proprioceptive information – Sounds and somatosensory information ...
Color Vision Theories
Color Vision Theories

< 1 ... 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 ... 420 >

Channelrhodopsin



Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report