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AP Physics Review Sheet 2 (Still Under Construction)
AP Physics Review Sheet 2 (Still Under Construction)

... charges would move. The actual charge carriers, however, are generally electrons, which move opposite in direction to I . Drift velocity—net velocity of charge carriers (drift speed is relatively small; 68 min. on average for an electron to travel 1.0 m) Current sources 1. Batteries—change chemical ...
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Topic #21, Magnetic Fields and Magnetic Phenomenon
Topic #21, Magnetic Fields and Magnetic Phenomenon

... cardboard collar around a wire. Set the wire up vertically and make the collar perpendicular to it. Shake some iron filings onto the collar and run a current through the wire. What you would see is the alignment of the filings forming a circular line around the wire. The filings are aligning themsel ...
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... tower of parallel 220 kV lines in case of normal erection of towers. It is noticed that two peaks exist near the outermost conductors of the lines. Higher magnetic field values are noticed at distances far from the line when compared to the case of a single line. On the other hand, and for the same ...
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Title: Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Wire Version: November

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Title - Georgia Tech IEN

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ABSTRACT - buergerwelle.de

... The concept of prudent avoidance was first suggested in 1989 by Professor M. Grainger Morgan (1) as a sensible response to community concern regarding health aspects of EMF in the face of ongoing scientific uncertainty. This uncertainty in relation to exposure to EMFs was also addressed by Sir Harry ...
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Review Questions PHYS 2426 Exam 2
Review Questions PHYS 2426 Exam 2

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EMIX3 - S M Bown Electrical Ltd

... Materials to stick: The provided sticky tapes stick well on clean, dry and plain surfaces. Typical solvent for cleaning surfaces are a 50/50 mixed isopropyl-alcohol / water mixture or heptane. (Important: Please observe carefully the caution hints of the producer when using the solvent.) The surface ...
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Drift Speed Questions - G482

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Giant magnetoresistance



Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is a quantum mechanical magnetoresistance effect observed in thin-film structures composed of alternating ferromagnetic and non-magnetic conductive layers. The 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg for the discovery of GMR.The effect is observed as a significant change in the electrical resistance depending on whether the magnetization of adjacent ferromagnetic layers are in a parallel or an antiparallel alignment. The overall resistance is relatively low for parallel alignment and relatively high for antiparallel alignment. The magnetization direction can be controlled, for example, by applying an external magnetic field. The effect is based on the dependence of electron scattering on the spin orientation.The main application of GMR is magnetic field sensors, which are used to read data in hard disk drives, biosensors, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and other devices. GMR multilayer structures are also used in magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM) as cells that store one bit of information.In literature, the term giant magnetoresistance is sometimes confused with colossal magnetoresistance of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic semiconductors, which is not related to the multilayer structure.
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