Lecture 7
... HbA / HbA (Normal): red blood cell never sickles HbA / HbS (Sickle cell trait): No anemia; red blood cells sickle only under low oxygen conditions. HbS / HbS (Sickle cell anemia): sickle‐shaped red blood cells ...
... HbA / HbA (Normal): red blood cell never sickles HbA / HbS (Sickle cell trait): No anemia; red blood cells sickle only under low oxygen conditions. HbS / HbS (Sickle cell anemia): sickle‐shaped red blood cells ...
DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis-New
... • Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a mutation. • Substitution mutations occur when the wrong nucleotide is inserted during DNA replication. – Example: A thymine (T) is inserted instead of an adenine (A) in a complementary DNA strand. ...
... • Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a mutation. • Substitution mutations occur when the wrong nucleotide is inserted during DNA replication. – Example: A thymine (T) is inserted instead of an adenine (A) in a complementary DNA strand. ...
Systematic study of compensatory evolution in yeast
... sequential fixation of adaptive changes in the population. However, deleterious mutations can fix in populations through different mechanisms, like genetic drift or draft (hitchhiking) or antagonistic pleiotropy. Once a deleterious mutation is fixed in the population, its negative effect on the orga ...
... sequential fixation of adaptive changes in the population. However, deleterious mutations can fix in populations through different mechanisms, like genetic drift or draft (hitchhiking) or antagonistic pleiotropy. Once a deleterious mutation is fixed in the population, its negative effect on the orga ...
Controlling the genes
... • Proteins bind to the regulatory DNA sequences (the promotor and, if present, the enhancer) to activate the transcriptional machine • These proteins recognize their target DNA based on many factors, including DNA structure, base sequences, and ionic interactions. These proteins fit extremely well i ...
... • Proteins bind to the regulatory DNA sequences (the promotor and, if present, the enhancer) to activate the transcriptional machine • These proteins recognize their target DNA based on many factors, including DNA structure, base sequences, and ionic interactions. These proteins fit extremely well i ...
DNA Replication, Transcription, and Translation
... double. This doubling process is called replication. For replication to proceed, the double helix of DNA strands must unwind (break hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs) in many locations at once. These unzipped areas are called replication forks. Each DNA strand of the double helix has a ...
... double. This doubling process is called replication. For replication to proceed, the double helix of DNA strands must unwind (break hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs) in many locations at once. These unzipped areas are called replication forks. Each DNA strand of the double helix has a ...
16.1 * Producing DNA Fragments
... then transferring it into microorganisms. • The microorganisms then act as ‘factories’ where the gene product (the desired protein) is continuously manufactured. An example: The production of Insulin ...
... then transferring it into microorganisms. • The microorganisms then act as ‘factories’ where the gene product (the desired protein) is continuously manufactured. An example: The production of Insulin ...
05E-NucleicAcids
... 4. We can use DNA and proteins as tape measures of evolution • Genes (DNA) and their products (proteins) document the hereditary background of an organism. • Because DNA molecules are passed from parents to offspring, siblings have greater similarity than do unrelated individuals of the same specie ...
... 4. We can use DNA and proteins as tape measures of evolution • Genes (DNA) and their products (proteins) document the hereditary background of an organism. • Because DNA molecules are passed from parents to offspring, siblings have greater similarity than do unrelated individuals of the same specie ...
Irreducible complexity: some candid admissions by evolutionists
... complexes governing gene behavior, 2) The hopedfor evolution of genes that have novel functions relative to their supposedly ancestral genes, and 3) The origin of new proteins that have a very different function from the presumably ancestral proteins. In each case, evolutionists point to instances o ...
... complexes governing gene behavior, 2) The hopedfor evolution of genes that have novel functions relative to their supposedly ancestral genes, and 3) The origin of new proteins that have a very different function from the presumably ancestral proteins. In each case, evolutionists point to instances o ...
Bioinformatics and Personal Health/Intro computer lab
... Students should be able to 1. Discover how changes in individual genes produce phenotypic change. 2. Learn to apply bioinformatics tools to identify groups of related genes and investigate their evolutionary relationships. 3. Understand that genes often are members of gene families that may arise th ...
... Students should be able to 1. Discover how changes in individual genes produce phenotypic change. 2. Learn to apply bioinformatics tools to identify groups of related genes and investigate their evolutionary relationships. 3. Understand that genes often are members of gene families that may arise th ...
B8. Nucleic Acids (HL)
... • Each triplet of base pairs are referred to as a codon while each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid – This is known as the genetic code and it is both universal and degenerate • These amino acids will be brought to the ribosome by tRNA and the formation of a polypeptide will commence • Onc ...
... • Each triplet of base pairs are referred to as a codon while each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid – This is known as the genetic code and it is both universal and degenerate • These amino acids will be brought to the ribosome by tRNA and the formation of a polypeptide will commence • Onc ...
DNA and protein synthesis
... parent strand. This produces the daughter strand. o DNA replication ensures that each new cell has its own copy of DNA. DNA replication occurs every time a new cell is produced, such as for growth, repair, and fighting disease. Translation v. transcription o Transcription makes mRNA from DNA. Sinc ...
... parent strand. This produces the daughter strand. o DNA replication ensures that each new cell has its own copy of DNA. DNA replication occurs every time a new cell is produced, such as for growth, repair, and fighting disease. Translation v. transcription o Transcription makes mRNA from DNA. Sinc ...
DNA and RNA Notes
... DNA and RNA Notes Discovery of DNA _____________ - pneumonia causing bacteria and mice. (Determined…) _____________ - process of one bacteria changing its DNA from the addition of another. Avery- DNA is the nucleic acid that ___________ and __________ genetic information from one generation to ...
... DNA and RNA Notes Discovery of DNA _____________ - pneumonia causing bacteria and mice. (Determined…) _____________ - process of one bacteria changing its DNA from the addition of another. Avery- DNA is the nucleic acid that ___________ and __________ genetic information from one generation to ...
Glossary of Biotechnology Terms
... mitosis: the process of cell replication by division. messenger RNA (mRNA): the type of RNA which codes for protein, as opposed to ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA). mRNA is translated to protein by a cell's ribosomes. oligonucleotide: a short sequence (usually 2-50 bases) of DNA. Oligonu ...
... mitosis: the process of cell replication by division. messenger RNA (mRNA): the type of RNA which codes for protein, as opposed to ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA). mRNA is translated to protein by a cell's ribosomes. oligonucleotide: a short sequence (usually 2-50 bases) of DNA. Oligonu ...
What would we like to know about DNA and how do we obtain that
... • Sequencing an organisms entire genome • Why would we want to do this? ...
... • Sequencing an organisms entire genome • Why would we want to do this? ...
introduction to vce biology
... Most commonly used vectors are viruses ◦ Viruses with DNA replicate in the nucleus of the cells they infect ◦ Viruses with RNA replicate in the cytoplasm of the cells they infect Exception is RNA viruses called retroviruses – they also replicate in the nucleus ...
... Most commonly used vectors are viruses ◦ Viruses with DNA replicate in the nucleus of the cells they infect ◦ Viruses with RNA replicate in the cytoplasm of the cells they infect Exception is RNA viruses called retroviruses – they also replicate in the nucleus ...
DNA Structure
... ultraviolet rays) and some chemical mutagens (for example chemicals in tobacco) ...
... ultraviolet rays) and some chemical mutagens (for example chemicals in tobacco) ...
Student book links
... Explain the meaning of the term: genetic code. Describe, with the aid of diagrams, the way in which a nucleotide sequence codes for the amino acid sequence in a polypeptide. Describe, with the aid of diagrams, how the sequence of nucleotides within a gene is used to construct a polypeptide – i ...
... Explain the meaning of the term: genetic code. Describe, with the aid of diagrams, the way in which a nucleotide sequence codes for the amino acid sequence in a polypeptide. Describe, with the aid of diagrams, how the sequence of nucleotides within a gene is used to construct a polypeptide – i ...
Slide 1
... in different ways by using different combinations of the same exons, different proteins can be created this is termed alternative splicing the 25,000 genes of the human genome appear to encode as many as 120,000 different mRNAs ...
... in different ways by using different combinations of the same exons, different proteins can be created this is termed alternative splicing the 25,000 genes of the human genome appear to encode as many as 120,000 different mRNAs ...