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ENF204 Microbiology and Parasitology
ENF204 Microbiology and Parasitology

... The word microbiology derives from the Greek micros meaning small and bios meaning life and logos meaning study, for it examines organisms too small to be visible to the naked eye. Parasitology comes from the Greek words para, with, and site, food and logos, that is, dealing with living beings inhab ...
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Ultra-fast, Meta-genomics Pathogen Detection Software
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... SALT LAKE CITY, UT, May 26, 2016—Scientists at the University of Utah, ARUP Laboratories, and IDbyDNA, Inc., have developed ultra-fast, meta-genomics analysis software called Taxonomer that dramatically improves the accuracy and speed of pathogen detection. In a paper published today in Genome Biolo ...
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... Treatment for Small Pox  Last recorded case of small pox on Earth was this man in Somalia  Treatments: IV fluids, fever-reducers, antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infection ...
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... common belief about vaccine-herd immunity (promoted intensively by the health department, physicians, and the vaccine industry), people are quick to blame outbreaks of contagious diseases on those who are unvaccinated for a given disease. This happened when the cases of pertussis (whooping cough) we ...
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... lasting more than 7 days, often accompanied by post-tussive vomiting and/or a ―whooping‖ sound with inhalation. This distinctive sound is more prevalent in pediatric patients. Given the highly contagious nature and transmission route of this bacterium, confirmed and suspect cases should be excluded ...
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Mathematical Models Describing the Interspecies Transmission of

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... TYPES OF BACTERIA They come in many shapes and sizes, but even the largest are only 10 micrometres long (10 millionths of a metre). Bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals. ...
Click www.ondix.com to visit our student-to
Click www.ondix.com to visit our student-to

... be used to cause harm. Unlike anthrax, smallpox is contagious, but the smallpox virus does not survive in many environments. Smallpox symptoms begin eight to 18 days after a person has been exposed to the virus, and include: headaches, backaches, high fevers, and vomiting. Also, red spots that may ...
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2010 State Test - North Carolina Science Olympiad
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The CIA`s Assessment of Infectious Disease Threat
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... capacity, and the high prevalence and continued spread of major killers such as HIV/AIDS, TB, and malaria, are likely to remain ascendant and worsen the overall problem during the first half of our time frame. ∑ Sub-Saharan Africa, India, and Southeast Asia will remain the hardest hit by these disea ...
IHR - International Journal of Infection Control
IHR - International Journal of Infection Control

... Given that the new IHR also requires the notification of chemical and nuclear threats, the Ministries of Health, together with all concerned ministries and organizations, have to assess which authority will become the official national focal point. Besides that, each Member State will have to assess ...
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73-92 Fighting infectious diseases

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Sabah - Travel Doctor

... Diphtheria is a bacterial infection of the throat & occasionally of the skin. It is found world wide & is transmitted from person-to-person by coughing & sneezing. Pertussis (Whooping cough) is a highly infectious respiratory infection responsible for 300,000 deaths annually, mainly in children. Dip ...
Immunity and Disease
Immunity and Disease

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Eradication of infectious diseases



Eradication is the reduction of an infectious disease's prevalence in the global host population to zero. It is sometimes confused with elimination, which describes either the reduction of an infectious disease's prevalence in a regional population to zero, or the reduction of the global prevalence to a negligible amount. Further confusion arises from the use of the term eradication to refer to the total removal of a given pathogen from an individual (also known as clearance of an infection), particularly in the context of HIV and certain other viruses where such cures are sought.Selection of infectious diseases for eradication is based on rigorous criteria, as both biological and technical features determine whether a pathogenic organism is (at least potentially) eradicable. The targeted organism must not have a non-human reservoir (or, in the case of animal diseases, the infection reservoir must be an easily identifiable species, as in the case of rinderpest), and/or amplify in the environment. This implies that sufficient information on the life cycle and transmission dynamics is available at the time an eradication initiative is programmed. An efficient and practical intervention (e.g., a vaccine or antibiotic) must be available to interrupt transmission of the infective agent. Studies of measles in the pre-vaccination era led to the concept of the Critical community size, the size of the population below which a pathogen ceases to circulate. Use of vaccination programmes before the introduction of an eradication campaign can reduce the susceptible population. The disease to be eradicated should be clearly identifiable, and an accurate diagnostic tool should exist. Economic considerations, as well as societal and political support and commitment, are other crucial factors that determine eradication feasibility.Eight attempts have been made to date to eradicate infectious diseases: two successful programs targeting smallpox and rinderpest; four ongoing programs targeting poliomyelitis, yaws, dracunculiasis and malaria; and two former programs targeting hookworm and yellow fever. Five more infectious diseases have been identified as of April 2008 as potentially eradicable with current technology by the Carter Center International Task Force for Disease Eradication—measles, mumps, rubella, lymphatic filariasis and cysticercosis.
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