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PDF - Circulation
PDF - Circulation

... that CVD (I00 –I99; Q20 –Q28) accounted for 32.8% (811 940) of all 2 471 984 deaths in 2008, or 1 of every 3 deaths in the United States. ● On the basis of 2008 mortality rate data, more than 2200 Americans die of CVD each day, an average of 1 death every 39 seconds. About 150 000 Americans killed b ...
Ebola and Marburg virus disease epidemics preparedness, alert
Ebola and Marburg virus disease epidemics preparedness, alert

... for Africa (AFRO), the WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean (EMRO), WHO Headquarters and their partners have produced this document: Ebola and Marburg virus disease epidemics: Preparedness, alert, control and evaluation. The main target audience of this document are district-level healt ...
Infections of the lymphatic system
Infections of the lymphatic system

... are markedly dilated with collateral channelling and increased lymph flow 24-26. Another very important complication is renal dysfunction caused by direct mechanical damage to renal blood vessels by microfilariae, or by immune complexes being laid down in the kidney and manifesting as proteinuria an ...
Utilisation and Off-Label Prescriptions of Respiratory
Utilisation and Off-Label Prescriptions of Respiratory

... Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians database (approx. 2 million children) between 2004 and 2008 were included in our study. Annual period prevalence rates (PPRs) per 10,000 children and the proportion of age- and indicationrelated off-label prescriptions were calculated and stratifi ...
POCKET GUIDE FOR ASTHMA MANAGEMENT AND PREVENTION REPRODUCE
POCKET GUIDE FOR ASTHMA MANAGEMENT AND PREVENTION REPRODUCE

... Box 4. Assessment of symptom control and future risk ................................ 9 Box 5. How to investigate uncontrolled asthma in primary care.................. 10 Box 6. The control-based asthma management cycle ................................ 12 Box 7. Stepwise approach to asthma treatment ...
Collagenous Colitis and Lymphocytic Colitis
Collagenous Colitis and Lymphocytic Colitis

... 12/25/07 12:35 AM ...
in-depth article about hepatitis A and E
in-depth article about hepatitis A and E

... Introduction ...
The Brussels Declaration: the need for change in asthma management PERSPECTIVE
The Brussels Declaration: the need for change in asthma management PERSPECTIVE

... which involves the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, recruitment of inflammatory cells into the airways and enhancement of bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and then further cycles of cell influx and mediator secretion [28]. Further complexity occurs with other environmental exposures, such as wit ...
Living with Ulcerative Colitis - Crohn`s and Colitis Foundation of
Living with Ulcerative Colitis - Crohn`s and Colitis Foundation of

... colitis. Also, no one can predict how the disease—once it is diagnosed—will affect a particular person. Some people go for years without having any symptoms, while others have more frequent flare-ups, or attacks, of their disease activity. However, one thing is certain: ulcerative colitis is a chroni ...
Systemic inflammatory markers in COPD: results from the Bergen COPD Cohort Study
Systemic inflammatory markers in COPD: results from the Bergen COPD Cohort Study

... levels of TNF-a itself [18]. Moreover, chemokines are of major importance for the attraction and activation of leukocytes into inflamed tissue and could represent a systemic inflammatory link between COPD and associated comorbidities. However, while several chemokines circulate at very low levels ju ...
To be sumitted by the 15th of the following month to PHC - HS-Prod
To be sumitted by the 15th of the following month to PHC - HS-Prod

... Health Training School, Thiruvananthapuram, to develop the curriculum for the Health workers according to the changing needs of People. We are extremely happy to see that he has included almost all health issues existing today and their solution also. Most striking thing is that he has given more em ...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and glucose metabolism: a
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and glucose metabolism: a

... Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are particularly common medical disorders and are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Disturbances in glucose metabolism are more common in COPD patients than in COPD free individuals. COPD, MetS and type 2 DM are associate ...
Rural Hospitalisations 2007 to 2011
Rural Hospitalisations 2007 to 2011

... instead the report focuses primarily on disparities between Māori and non-Māori living in rural areas. During the development of this report, it was found that rural hospital discharges were undercounted, therefore comparisons between urban and rural populations would not be valid for hospitalisatio ...
Writing Group Members, Véronique L. Roger, Alan S. Go, Donald... Emelia J. Benjamin, Jarett D. Berry, William B. Borden, Dawn... 2012 Update : A Report From the
Writing Group Members, Véronique L. Roger, Alan S. Go, Donald... Emelia J. Benjamin, Jarett D. Berry, William B. Borden, Dawn... 2012 Update : A Report From the

... that CVD (I00 –I99; Q20 –Q28) accounted for 32.8% (811 940) of all 2 471 984 deaths in 2008, or 1 of every 3 deaths in the United States. ● On the basis of 2008 mortality rate data, more than 2200 Americans die of CVD each day, an average of 1 death every 39 seconds. About 150 000 Americans killed b ...
NSW Contingency Plan for Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers
NSW Contingency Plan for Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers

... VHFs are severe and life-threatening viral diseases that are endemic to parts of Africa, the Middle East, Eastern Europe, and Asia. VHFs are not indigenous to Australia and environmental conditions here are unlikely to support the natural reservoirs and vectors of any of the haemorrhagic fever virus ...
- Open University of Tanzania Repository
- Open University of Tanzania Repository

... microbiology at Mnazi Mmoja Hospital as well as my friends and, for their technical support. I would like to extend my gratitude to Ministry of Health Zanzibar, Health research Unity, National Statistics Department, Zanzibar Health Information and System, All Districts Health officers provide all da ...
What are gallstones?
What are gallstones?

... few days at home. Because the abdominal muscles are not cut during laparoscopic surgery, patients have less pain and fewer complications than after “open” surgery, which requires a 5- to 8-inch incision across the abdomen. ...


... until recently the predominant view was that existing studies were not adequate to provide confirmation of any link. However, more recent studies and some recent reviews of existing studies have seemed to provide a better-evidenced link between active and passive tobacco smoking and a range of TB ou ...
Chronic Kidney Disease, stages 1-3
Chronic Kidney Disease, stages 1-3

... describe the entire kidney, but merely the operation of one nephron to explain the function of the kidney5. Each kidney contains approximately one million nephrons, each one of which has it’s own glomerulus. Inflammation, damage and destruction of the glomerulus will adversely affect it’s capacity to ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)

... activities, maintenance of normal or near-normal pulmonary function, minimal use of short-acting 2-agonists, and minimal or no adverse effects from medications. As in other situations, the focus of asthma treatment must remain on control of symptoms and maintenance of normal lung function.25 A detai ...
long lasting β2 agonists
long lasting β2 agonists

... daily versus placebo over 28 weeks in a randomised, double blind study.8 An interim analysis revealed no significant differences for the primary outcomes of respiratory related death or life threatening experience, although there was a significantly increased risk of death or life threatening experi ...
NONE SHALL BE DENIED
NONE SHALL BE DENIED

... it has a specificity of 99.7%, i.e. rare false-positives may occur. A positive screening ELISA should therefore always be confirmed by a second test detecting different antibodies – no additional samples need to be sent as the laboratory will automatically do this. The rapid HIV antibody test (whole b ...
Hepatitis B Training for Patient Navigators/Health
Hepatitis B Training for Patient Navigators/Health

... becomes infected with hepatitis B a doctor may advise that a specific treatment isn’t needed. Many people are infected when they are very young and they or their parents may not even be aware that they have the infection. But it’s especially important to identify those who are infected at this early ...
AND EAR INFIRMARY
AND EAR INFIRMARY

... vision is, a patient might be able to see a white line that in the retina. Eventually, this artificial can help them walk independently retina system may help tackle other or be able to sort clothing into light sight-destroying diseases like macuand dark colors,” Lim explains. Fular degeneration. tu ...
Word 700KB - Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in
Word 700KB - Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in

... The mechanism of resistance of Enterobacteriaceae to carbapenem antibiotics is most commonly through the production of an enzyme that breaks down the antibiotic before it can affect the bacterium. This enzyme, called a carbapenemase, first developed as a result of a mutation in Klebsiella pneumoniae ...
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Syndemic

A syndemic is the aggregation of two or more diseases in a population in which there is some level of positive biological interaction that exacerbates the negative health effects of any or all of the diseases. The term was developed and introduced by Merrill Singer in several articles in the mid-1990s and has since received growing attention and use among epidemiologists and medical anthropologists concerned with community health and the effects of social conditions on health, culminating in a recent textbook. Syndemics tend to develop under conditions of health disparity, caused by poverty, stress, or structural violence, and contribute to a significant burden of disease in affected populations. The term syndemic is further reserved to label the consequential interactions between concurrent or sequential diseases in a population and in relation to the social conditions that cluster the diseases within the population.The traditional biomedical approach to disease is characterized by an effort to diagnostically isolate, study, and treat diseases as if they were distinct entities that existed in nature separate from other diseases and independent of the social contexts in which they are found. This singular approach proved useful historically in focusing medical attention on the immediate causes and biological expressions of disease and contributed, as a result, to the emergence of targeted modern biomedical treatments for specific diseases, many of which have been successful. As knowledge about diseases has advanced, it is increasingly realized that diseases are not independent and that synergistic disease interactions are of considerable importance for prognosis. Given that social conditions can contribute to the clustering, form and progression of disease at the individual and population level, there is growing interest in the health sciences on syndemics.
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