BIO 322_Rec_4part1_Spring 2013
... 1) Dehydrogenation of fatty-acyl CoA produces a double bond between α and β carbons (C-2,C-3) trans-∆2-enoyl-CoA (delta for position of the double bond, FA nomenclature – HW) new double bond in trans config, whereas naturally occuring unsaturated fatty acid in cis config. ...
... 1) Dehydrogenation of fatty-acyl CoA produces a double bond between α and β carbons (C-2,C-3) trans-∆2-enoyl-CoA (delta for position of the double bond, FA nomenclature – HW) new double bond in trans config, whereas naturally occuring unsaturated fatty acid in cis config. ...
File
... In the extra Mitochondria synthesis of fatty acid, CO2 is utilized: A. In the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA B. In the conversion of malonyl-CoA to malonic acid C. To prevent the oxidation of biotin D. In the formation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate E. In the deamination of amino acid Which s ...
... In the extra Mitochondria synthesis of fatty acid, CO2 is utilized: A. In the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA B. In the conversion of malonyl-CoA to malonic acid C. To prevent the oxidation of biotin D. In the formation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate E. In the deamination of amino acid Which s ...
No Slide Title
... In the extra Mitochondria synthesis of fatty acid, CO2 is utilized: A. In the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA B. In the conversion of malonyl-CoA to malonic acid C. To prevent the oxidation of biotin D. In the formation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate E. In the deamination of amino acid Which s ...
... In the extra Mitochondria synthesis of fatty acid, CO2 is utilized: A. In the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA B. In the conversion of malonyl-CoA to malonic acid C. To prevent the oxidation of biotin D. In the formation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate E. In the deamination of amino acid Which s ...
Glycogen
... (in the context of a trisaccharide unit) of the 4-mer limit branches to the nonreducing end of another branch (thereby enabling glycogen phosphorylase to finish off glycosidic bonds that it otherwise cannot access)—the enzyme also hydrolyzes the remaining glucose residue at the branch point (3) Phos ...
... (in the context of a trisaccharide unit) of the 4-mer limit branches to the nonreducing end of another branch (thereby enabling glycogen phosphorylase to finish off glycosidic bonds that it otherwise cannot access)—the enzyme also hydrolyzes the remaining glucose residue at the branch point (3) Phos ...
An Introduction to Metabolism
... – a lot of stored energy in each bond • most energy stored in 3rd Pi • 3rd Pi is hardest group to keep bonded to molecule ...
... – a lot of stored energy in each bond • most energy stored in 3rd Pi • 3rd Pi is hardest group to keep bonded to molecule ...
Reaction Engineering - Aalborg Universitet
... 2) Semi-continuous: fed batch-gradual addition of concentrated nutrients so that the culture volume and product amount are increased (e.g. industrial production of baker’s yeast); Perfusion-addition of medium to the culture and withdrawal of an equal volume of used cell-free medium (e.g. animal cell ...
... 2) Semi-continuous: fed batch-gradual addition of concentrated nutrients so that the culture volume and product amount are increased (e.g. industrial production of baker’s yeast); Perfusion-addition of medium to the culture and withdrawal of an equal volume of used cell-free medium (e.g. animal cell ...
Lipids
... Activation of Fatty Acids Fatty acids must be esterified to Coenzyme A before they can ...
... Activation of Fatty Acids Fatty acids must be esterified to Coenzyme A before they can ...
Ch. 8 Enzymes as catalysts Glucokinase is typical enzyme:
... Reactions often use cleavage of ATP or others ...
... Reactions often use cleavage of ATP or others ...
6-10summary
... concentrated, down its concentration gradient. No work must be done to move substances down the concentration gradient; diffusion is a spontaneous process, needing no input of energy. ...
... concentrated, down its concentration gradient. No work must be done to move substances down the concentration gradient; diffusion is a spontaneous process, needing no input of energy. ...
Relation between Energy Production and Growth of
... glucose or other compounds as energy sources. These organisms ferment glucose by different pathways, yielding different amounts of ATP per mole glucose fermented. From experiments with various energy sources these authors concluded that the four organisms formed about the same dry weight of organism ...
... glucose or other compounds as energy sources. These organisms ferment glucose by different pathways, yielding different amounts of ATP per mole glucose fermented. From experiments with various energy sources these authors concluded that the four organisms formed about the same dry weight of organism ...
Manipulating redox and ATP balancing for improved production of
... PEP-carboxylase relative to PEP-carboxykinase enzyme. These results also suggested that the PEP to OAA reaction can operate under the physiological conditions in E. coli, thus promoting this strategy for the use in succinate production strains. Here, we further assessed the feasibility of this react ...
... PEP-carboxylase relative to PEP-carboxykinase enzyme. These results also suggested that the PEP to OAA reaction can operate under the physiological conditions in E. coli, thus promoting this strategy for the use in succinate production strains. Here, we further assessed the feasibility of this react ...
lactate
... RQ vs RER both are VO2 consumed/VCO2 produced RQ: at the cell level RER: at the mouth ...
... RQ vs RER both are VO2 consumed/VCO2 produced RQ: at the cell level RER: at the mouth ...
So, you want to know about siderophore synthesis
... cystines, which is then cyclized. This cyclization is an unusual property of this particular synthetaes ...
... cystines, which is then cyclized. This cyclization is an unusual property of this particular synthetaes ...
Enzymes
... Hydrolysis of sucrose in the presence of Sucrase results in its two monosaccharide components. This process include: 1- breaking the bond between Glucose and Fructose; 2- Then, forming new bonds with H+ and OH- from water ...
... Hydrolysis of sucrose in the presence of Sucrase results in its two monosaccharide components. This process include: 1- breaking the bond between Glucose and Fructose; 2- Then, forming new bonds with H+ and OH- from water ...
phys chapter 78 [2-9
... Excess carbs in diet makes insulin secretion increase; insulin causes carbs to be stored as glycogen mainly in liver and muscles; all excess carbs that can’t be stored as glycogen converted to fats and stored in adipose tissue (under stimulus of insulin) Insulin has direct effect in promoting am ...
... Excess carbs in diet makes insulin secretion increase; insulin causes carbs to be stored as glycogen mainly in liver and muscles; all excess carbs that can’t be stored as glycogen converted to fats and stored in adipose tissue (under stimulus of insulin) Insulin has direct effect in promoting am ...
Decreased
... windshield washer fluid, etc.) is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase to formaldehyde and formic acid. Leads to metabolic acidosis and optic neuritis (from formate) that can cause blindness. • Treatment: Infuse EtOH to keep blood concentration at 100-200 mg/dL (legally intoxicated) for long enough ...
... windshield washer fluid, etc.) is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase to formaldehyde and formic acid. Leads to metabolic acidosis and optic neuritis (from formate) that can cause blindness. • Treatment: Infuse EtOH to keep blood concentration at 100-200 mg/dL (legally intoxicated) for long enough ...
6 - rguhs
... systems. Glucose oxidase is used in fluorescence enzymatic determinations.4 Glucose oxidase is considered as an antibiotic due to peroxide formation. It is applied as an antimicrobial agent in oral care and other products. ...
... systems. Glucose oxidase is used in fluorescence enzymatic determinations.4 Glucose oxidase is considered as an antibiotic due to peroxide formation. It is applied as an antimicrobial agent in oral care and other products. ...
Mitochondria and energy production
... overcome the inhibition of autophagic proteolysis by amino acids. Again, much work remains before we will have a complete picture of the mechanism. The phosphorylation of rpS6 does not implicate this protein in the inhibition of macroautophagy; rather, it should be taken as indicating an efficient r ...
... overcome the inhibition of autophagic proteolysis by amino acids. Again, much work remains before we will have a complete picture of the mechanism. The phosphorylation of rpS6 does not implicate this protein in the inhibition of macroautophagy; rather, it should be taken as indicating an efficient r ...
mechanism of photosynthesis
... In this unit you will learn about plant physiology related to photosynthesis, respiration and lipid metabolism. As you know plants are the most significant living being on earth which produce O2 and harvest solar energy for others. You can’t imagine life on earth without plants. When we say plant sy ...
... In this unit you will learn about plant physiology related to photosynthesis, respiration and lipid metabolism. As you know plants are the most significant living being on earth which produce O2 and harvest solar energy for others. You can’t imagine life on earth without plants. When we say plant sy ...
Word Notes - Eric Hamber Secondary
... Heavy metals: Mercury, lead break bonds between R groups and denature the enzymes Substrate concentration: As a rule, if you increase substrate concentration (the amount of starting compound), as long as enough enzyme is present, the rate of reaction will increase. This will occur until the point th ...
... Heavy metals: Mercury, lead break bonds between R groups and denature the enzymes Substrate concentration: As a rule, if you increase substrate concentration (the amount of starting compound), as long as enough enzyme is present, the rate of reaction will increase. This will occur until the point th ...
Answers
... Which of the following are possible final electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration? a. Lactic acid b. Pyruvic acid c. Oxygen d. Nitrate (correct answer) BACK TO GAME ...
... Which of the following are possible final electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration? a. Lactic acid b. Pyruvic acid c. Oxygen d. Nitrate (correct answer) BACK TO GAME ...
Molecular Abnormality of Erythrocyte Pyruvate
... Here we report a molecular abnormality in the Amish PK deficiency. The probands had suffered from severe hemolytic anemia, and required transfusion every 8 weeks. After splenectomy the anemia was compensated, with a Hb level of about 9 to 10 g/dL. Cellular studies of the PK-deficient RBCs showed inc ...
... Here we report a molecular abnormality in the Amish PK deficiency. The probands had suffered from severe hemolytic anemia, and required transfusion every 8 weeks. After splenectomy the anemia was compensated, with a Hb level of about 9 to 10 g/dL. Cellular studies of the PK-deficient RBCs showed inc ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑