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File - hs science @ cchs
File - hs science @ cchs

... This is not just a process of the past… It is all around us today ...
Chapter 16 - Microevolution
Chapter 16 - Microevolution

... ◦ 3. Varying traits passed to offspring ◦ 4. Natural Selection: individuals of a population who were genetically fit for their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce  Based on artificial selection of farmers ...
Natural Selection ppt
Natural Selection ppt

... coloration, which allows the beetle to have more offspring, becomes more common in the population. If this process continues, eventually, all individuals in the population will be brown. ...
Chapter 5 - The Structure and Function of Cells
Chapter 5 - The Structure and Function of Cells

... When Darwin was coming up with his theory of evolution, he did not have the benefit of the knowledge as to how traits were passed from one generation to the next. It wasn’t until the early 1900’s that scientists began to learn how traits were inherited. Biologists who study evolution today often foc ...
IB Student Evolution PP
IB Student Evolution PP

... The basic idea of natural selection is that a population can change over time if individuals that posses certain heritable traits leave more offspring than other individuals. Natural selection results in evolutionary adaption, an accumulation of inherited characteristics that increase the ability of ...
NATURAL SELECTION This is
NATURAL SELECTION This is

... Darwin noticed that there were several species of finch that had beaks that seemed to be perfectly designed for the food they ate. How is this possible? Darwin thought that the beaks changed over time to become the perfect shape. But how? ...
PDF file
PDF file

... increase the likelihood of having offspring - whether through sex or survival - and these pressures select for some organisms - those that are fit to survive - and thus their traits are passed on. Random Variation Natural selection can work only if there is variation in inherited characteristics. Wh ...
Darwin`s Theory of Evolution
Darwin`s Theory of Evolution

... • 1. Individuals who inherit traits that give them a better chance of surviving tend to leave more offspring than other individuals • 2. This unequal reproduction of offspring causes ‘favorable’ traits to accumulate in a population over generations. (“survival of the fittest; struggle for existence) ...
Copyright Message Recap: Where we got to and where we
Copyright Message Recap: Where we got to and where we

...  Offspring differ slightly from parents and siblings  Individual with reproductively advantageous trait over others in its ...
ch 2 notes
ch 2 notes

... those changes on to their offspring. His idea is called “Lamarckian inheritance of acquired characteristics.” We now know this idea to be incorrect. Darwin’s main contribution was the synthesis of ideas with personal observations of the natural world. Darwin observed fossils in South America that re ...
Unit 4.1 Evolution Review Game File
Unit 4.1 Evolution Review Game File

... A. These beetles were smart enough to avoid the spray. B. Upon contact with the spray, these beetles produced an enzyme to break the spray down and allow them to live. C. Upon contact with the spray, these beetles developed a resistance to the pesticide. D. These beetles have a genetic variation whi ...
chapter 4
chapter 4

... Three conditions necessary for evolution by natural selection to occur: Natural variability for a trait in a population Trait must be heritable Trait must lead to differential reproduction ...
Evolution and Biodiversity
Evolution and Biodiversity

... Three conditions necessary for evolution by natural selection to occur: Natural variability for a trait in a population Trait must be heritable Trait must lead to differential reproduction ...
Quick Reference Sheet
Quick Reference Sheet

... Charles Darwin concluded that biological evolution occurs as a result of natural selection, which is the theory that in any given generation, some individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce than others. In order for natural selection to occur in a population, several conditions must be met ...
Topic 8: Evolution
Topic 8: Evolution

... Charles Darwin concluded that biological evolution occurs as a result of natural selection, which is the theory that in any given generation, some individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce than others. In order for natural selection to occur in a population, several conditions must be met ...
Evolution Quick Guide
Evolution Quick Guide

... Charles Darwin concluded that biological evolution occurs as a result of natural selection, which is the theory that in any given generation, some individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce than others. In order for natural selection to occur in a population, several conditions must be met ...
Topic 8 Quick Facts
Topic 8 Quick Facts

... Charles Darwin concluded that biological evolution occurs as a result of natural selection, which is the theory that in any given generation, some individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce than others. In order for natural selection to occur in a population, several conditions must be met ...
Ch 23 Ch 24 Evolution
Ch 23 Ch 24 Evolution

... Stabilizing Selection- favors the middle and eliminates the extremes in a population  Directional Selection- natural selection or evolutionary changes in the population  Disruptive Selection- favors the two extremes creating polymorphism. ...
Week 4 Midterm Review Worksheet
Week 4 Midterm Review Worksheet

... 5. The Australian sugar glider and the North American flying squirrel share a common ancestor. They look alike and both have a membrane that allows them both to glide from tree to tree. Yet, the wings of both species are said to be analogous, not homologous, because: a. analogous features share sim ...
Notebook #7 Adaptations GT
Notebook #7 Adaptations GT

... * populations in a particular environment that have adapted to living conditions in that specific area are therefore better able to meet their survival needs and are more likely to survive and reproduce offspring with those key survival traits ...
Chap 13 PP Notes
Chap 13 PP Notes

... 2. In a particular environment, some individuals of a ___________ or _________ are better suited to survive (as a result of variation) and have more offspring (natural selection). 3. Over time, the _________ that make certain individuals of a population able to ________ and _______ tend to spread in ...
Conservation Genetics
Conservation Genetics

... Corn (Zea mays) – Verities range from 0.6 to 6 m tall, 2-11 months to mature ...
Mutation, Evolution, and Natural Selection
Mutation, Evolution, and Natural Selection

... •The continents split and populations were separated. •This increased the variety of living things because they were in new environments,which would select for specific adaptations and isolated these species from reproducing with original form. ...
Theory of Evolution notes to fill in
Theory of Evolution notes to fill in

... - Became convinced that _____________________________ could account for the location of ________________ and formation of mountains - Figured nature must have a natural force similar to ____________________ selection - Used information from Thomas Malthus’, Essay on the Principle of Populations, to ...
Document
Document

... 2. According to the figure below, how many species of finch eat insects? _____ ...
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Inclusive fitness

In evolutionary biology inclusive fitness theory is a model for the evolution of social behaviors (traits), first set forward by W. D. Hamilton in 1963 and 1964. Instead of a trait's frequency increase being thought of only via its average effects on an organism's direct reproduction, Hamilton argued that its average effects on indirect reproduction, via identical copies of the trait in other individuals, also need to be taken into account. Hamilton's theory, alongside reciprocal altruism, is considered one of the two primary mechanisms for the evolution of social behaviors in natural species.From the gene's point of view, evolutionary success ultimately depends on leaving behind the maximum number of copies of itself in the population. Until 1964, it was generally believed that genes only achieved this by causing the individual to leave the maximum number of viable direct offspring. However, in 1964 W. D. Hamilton showed mathematically that, because other members of a population may share identical genes, a gene can also increase its evolutionary success by indirectly promoting the reproduction and survival of such individuals. The most obvious category of such individuals is close genetic relatives, and where these are concerned, the application of inclusive fitness theory is often more straightforwardly treated via the narrower kin selection theory.Belding's ground squirrel provides an example. The ground squirrel gives an alarm call to warn its local group of the presence of a predator. By emitting the alarm, it gives its own location away, putting itself in more danger. In the process, however, the squirrel may protect its relatives within the local group (along with the rest of the group). Therefore, if the effect of the trait influencing the alarm call typically protects the other squirrels in the immediate area, it will lead to the passing on of more of copies of the alarm call trait in the next generation than the squirrel could leave by reproducing on its own. In such a case natural selection will increase the trait that influences giving the alarm call, provided that a sufficient fraction of the shared genes include the gene(s) predisposing to the alarm call.Synalpheus regalis, a eusocial shrimp, also is an example of an organism whose social traits meet the inclusive fitness criterion. The larger defenders protect the young juveniles in the colony from outsiders. By ensuring the young's survival, the genes will continue to be passed on to future generations.Inclusive fitness is more generalized than strict kin selection, which requires that the shared genes are identical by descent. Inclusive fitness is not limited to cases where ""kin"" ('close genetic relatives') are involved.
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